内膜下血管成形术治疗下肢动脉慢性缺血

Objective To assess the technical feasibility, patency and outcomes of subintimal angioplasty (SIA) for treatment of the lower extremity arteriosclerosis occlusions. Methods During the period from December 2003 to August 2008, 122 lower extremities with arteriosclerosis occlusions (median length, 10.25 cm;range, 4.5 to 28 cm) were treated on an intention-to-cure basis with SIA. Twenty-three lower extremities had disabling claudication and ninety-nine had limb-threatening ischemia. Patient history, demographics, procedural details, complications, and follow-up information were collected and analyzed. Patency, limb salvage, sustained improvement in claudication was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results The technical success rate of SIA was 83%. Following successful SIA, the mean ankle-brachial index increased from 0.19±0.11 to 0.67±0.29 (P<0.01). Primary patency at 12 and 24 months was 54%±5% and 45%±4% respectively, the clinical effective rates (rates of limb salvage and improvement in claudication) at 12 and 24 months were 82%±5% and 79%±4% respectively. No serious complications occurred. Conclusion In a selected group of patients, SIA is feasible with a high technical success rate and the clinical effective rates are satisfactory, there were no severe complications. SIA is a good treatment alternative in patients suffering from chronic ischemia with arteriosclerosis occlusions in the lower extremity.     

内膜下血管成形术治疗下肢动脉慢性缺血

Objective To assess the technical feasibility, patency and outcomes of subintimal angioplasty (SIA) for treatment of the lower extremity arteriosclerosis occlusions. Methods During the period from December 2003 to August 2008, 122 lower extremities with arteriosclerosis occlusions (median length, 10.25 cm;range, 4.5 to 28 cm) were treated on an intention-to-cure basis with SIA. Twenty-three lower extremities had disabling claudication and ninety-nine had limb-threatening ischemia. Patient history, demographics, procedural details, complications, and follow-up information were collected and analyzed. Patency, limb salvage, sustained improvement in claudication was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results The technical success rate of SIA was 83%. Following successful SIA, the mean ankle-brachial index increased from 0.19±0.11 to 0.67±0.29 (P<0.01). Primary patency at 12 and 24 months was 54%±5% and 45%±4% respectively, the clinical effective rates (rates of limb salvage and improvement in claudication) at 12 and 24 months were 82%±5% and 79%±4% respectively. No serious complications occurred. Conclusion In a selected group of patients, SIA is feasible with a high technical success rate and the clinical effective rates are satisfactory, there were no severe complications. SIA is a good treatment alternative in patients suffering from chronic ischemia with arteriosclerosis occlusions in the lower extremity.     

胫腓动脉血管成形术治疗下肢严重缺血35例

目的 评价胫腓动脉经皮血管腔内成形术(percutaneous transluminal angioplasty,PTA)治疗下肢严重缺血的可行性、安全性和有效性.方法 对2004年6月至2007年5月收治的35例胫腓动脉闭塞的下肢严重缺血(critical limb ischemia,CLI)患者应用PTA治疗.评价的主要参数为:胫腓动脉PTA技术成功率、通畅率、救肢率和并发症.结果 胫腓动脉PTA的技术成功率为83%,平均随访11.5个月,通畅率为57%,救肢率82%.胫腓动脉平均扩张长度9.5 cm(4.5～14 cm),19例患者同时行髂或股胭动脉PTA或支架术.有3例并发症发生,其中1例动脉痉挛和血栓形成,经溶柃、解痉等治疗缓解;2例动脉穿孔,未有严重后果.结论 PTA治疗CLI合并胫腓动脉闭塞具有较高技术成功率和救肢率,较少发生严重并发症,是一种安全、有效可供选择的治疗方法.     

内膜下血管成形术治疗下肢动脉慢性缺血

Objective To assess the technical feasibility, patency and outcomes of subintimal angioplasty (SIA) for treatment of the lower extremity arteriosclerosis occlusions. Methods During the period from December 2003 to August 2008, 122 lower extremities with arteriosclerosis occlusions (median length, 10.25 cm;range, 4.5 to 28 cm) were treated on an intention-to-cure basis with SIA. Twenty-three lower extremities had disabling claudication and ninety-nine had limb-threatening ischemia. Patient history, demographics, procedural details, complications, and follow-up information were collected and analyzed. Patency, limb salvage, sustained improvement in claudication was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results The technical success rate of SIA was 83%. Following successful SIA, the mean ankle-brachial index increased from 0.19±0.11 to 0.67±0.29 (P<0.01). Primary patency at 12 and 24 months was 54%±5% and 45%±4% respectively, the clinical effective rates (rates of limb salvage and improvement in claudication) at 12 and 24 months were 82%±5% and 79%±4% respectively. No serious complications occurred. Conclusion In a selected group of patients, SIA is feasible with a high technical success rate and the clinical effective rates are satisfactory, there were no severe complications. SIA is a good treatment alternative in patients suffering from chronic ischemia with arteriosclerosis occlusions in the lower extremity.     

内膜下血管成形术并发症的防治

目的 评价内膜下血管成形术治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症并发症的防治.方法 从2003年12月至2008年5月,106 条下肢动脉硬化闭塞的患肢进行了内膜下血管成形术治疗,动脉闭塞的平均长度为10.8(4.5耀28)cm,其中21 条肢体为生活方式受限性间歇性跛行,85 条肢体为威胁肢体生存的严重性缺血.分析评价的主要参数为并发症的发生和防治措施.结果 有5 条患肢穿刺部位皮下出现轻度淤血,未发生动脉栓塞;有7 条患肢发生动脉穿孔(6豫),但未引起严重的临床后果;有1 例因影响动脉重要分支而致截肢;有3 条患肢发生再管化通道急性闭塞,其中1 例SIA 后导致动脉旁路吻合口下移.结论 SIA 手术可发生动脉穿孔、影响动脉主要分支、再通血管急性闭塞和栓塞等并发症,但这些并发症绝大部分可进行防治,很少引起严重的后果.     

激光原位开窗技术重建弓部分支的技术难点及评价

胸主动脉腔内修复术（TEVAR）联合弓部分支激光原位开窗技术,很大程度解决了常规TEVAR可能遇到的近端锚定区不足、支架移位、“鸟嘴”构型、近端内漏及逆撕等难题,但技术操作上仍有一定的难度和风险,体外临时鞘管转流可胜任脑保护,但须熟练掌握其流程,并要求尽快完成原位开窗。对于一些“Ⅲ型弓”或“陡弓”、扭曲的左锁骨下动脉、弓部巨大动脉瘤等挑战性的弓部解剖,激光原位开窗要注意一定的策略和技巧。     

腹主动脉瘤瘤内压无线测量系统的体外模型构建

目的 探讨自主研制的无线压力感受器测量腹主动脉瘤瘤内压的可行性和有效性.方法 构建腹主动脉瘤瘤内压的无线检测系统,主要由植入子、能量发射系统、数据读取器和数据处理系统组成.将植入子置入腹主动脉瘤体外模型中,在低压50 mm Hg(1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa)、中压150 mm Hg、高压250 mm Hg等不同循环压力、42、37、32℃等不同温度以及5、10、30、50 cm等不同测量距离下,检测植入子的性能,以及检测模拟瘤体腔内修复术后,瘤内压在不同黏滞度状态下的变化.结果 在上述不同检测状态下,感受器测量结果非常接近于外界对照压力,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),数据处理软件结果可靠可信.能量线圈最大工作距离为8 cm,数据接收器最大工作距离为50 cm.瘤腔隔绝后,瘤内压下降至循环压的20％(P＜0.01),符合对应的隔绝状态.结论 体外实验中,自主研制腹主动脉瘤瘤内压无线检测系统可行有效.     

腔内激光闭合术纠正局部血流动力学紊乱治疗继发性静脉性溃疡

目的探讨腔内激光闭合(EVLA)膝下及溃疡床周围浅静脉反流治疗继发性静脉性溃疡(SVU)的疗效。方法回顾性分析2005年1月～2008年12月在我科就诊的51例(54条患肢,72个溃疡面)SVU患者的临床资料,EVLA闭合膝下段及溃疡床周围浅静脉反流,保留膝上段大隐静脉,术后穿循序弹力袜(20～30 mmHg)。术后记录溃疡愈合率、临床症状改善情况及生活质量评分。结果术后随访6～47(平均25)个月,术后半年、1年及2年溃疡愈合率分别为81.9%(57/72)、71.4%(45/63)和69.1%(37/55)。患肢肿胀和疼痛缓解率分别为76.9%(40/52)和90%(27/30),患者生活质量较术前明显改善,且无严重并发症的发生。结论 SVU多由膝下段浅静脉反流所致,EVLA膝下段及溃疡床周围浅静脉反流纠正溃疡周围血流动力学紊乱治疗SVU安全有效。     

内膜下血管成形术治疗下肢动脉慢性缺血

Objective To assess the technical feasibility, patency and outcomes of subintimal angioplasty (SIA) for treatment of the lower extremity arteriosclerosis occlusions. Methods During the period from December 2003 to August 2008, 122 lower extremities with arteriosclerosis occlusions (median length, 10.25 cm;range, 4.5 to 28 cm) were treated on an intention-to-cure basis with SIA. Twenty-three lower extremities had disabling claudication and ninety-nine had limb-threatening ischemia. Patient history, demographics, procedural details, complications, and follow-up information were collected and analyzed. Patency, limb salvage, sustained improvement in claudication was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results The technical success rate of SIA was 83%. Following successful SIA, the mean ankle-brachial index increased from 0.19±0.11 to 0.67±0.29 (P<0.01). Primary patency at 12 and 24 months was 54%±5% and 45%±4% respectively, the clinical effective rates (rates of limb salvage and improvement in claudication) at 12 and 24 months were 82%±5% and 79%±4% respectively. No serious complications occurred. Conclusion In a selected group of patients, SIA is feasible with a high technical success rate and the clinical effective rates are satisfactory, there were no severe complications. SIA is a good treatment alternative in patients suffering from chronic ischemia with arteriosclerosis occlusions in the lower extremity.     

确立课堂教学设计原则的依据

确立课堂教学设计原则的依据解放军广州医学高等专科学校刘晓兵人们越来越重视课堂教学设计，并努力探索指导这一实践活动的客观规律。课堂教学设计原则，是人们研究的一个重要课题。笔者认为，要确立正确的课堂教学设计原则，必须认真探求这一原则确立的依据。由此，才能...