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Abrha A Abdissa A Beyene G Getahun G Girma T 《Ethiopian journal of health sciences》2011,21(3):175-182
Background
Sever acute malnutrition severely suppresses every component of the immune system leading to increased susceptibility and severity to infection. However, symptoms and signs of infections are often unapparent making prompt clinical diagnosis and early treatment very difficult. The aim of the study was to determine the magnitude of bacteraemia and antimicrobial sensitivity among severely malnourished children.Methods
Severely malnourished children admitted in Jimma University Specialized Hospital were enrolled between October, 2009 to May, 2010. Blood samples were collected, processed and bacterial isolates were identified using standard bacteriological procedures. Then, antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates was determined by using Kirby-Bauer technique.Results
Bacteraemia was seen in 35 (20.6%) of the 170 study subjects. There were a total of 35 bacterial isolates, Gram positive bacteria constitute 24(68.6%) of the isolates, where Staphylococcus aureus was the leading Gram positive isolate while Klebsiella species were the dominant Gram negative isolates. Twelve (7.1%) children died and 4 (33.3%) of them had bacteraemia. While susceptibility was more than 80% to Gentamicin, Ciprofloxacin and Ceftriaxone, increased level of resistance was documented to commonly used antibiotics, such as Amoxycillin, Co-trimoxazole and Chloramphenicol.Conclusion
High prevalence of bacteraemia with predominating Gram positive isolates and increased level of resistance to commonly used antibiotics was shown among severely malnourished children in Jimma. Further studies are required to revise the current guideline for antibiotic choice. 相似文献3.
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Peak oxygen intake and cardiac mortality in women referred for cardiac rehabilitation 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Kavanagh T Mertens DJ Hamm LF Beyene J Kennedy J Corey P Shephard RJ 《Journal of the American College of Cardiology》2003,42(12):2139-2143
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the prognostic importance of measured peak oxygen intake (VO(2peak)) in women with known coronary heart disease referred for outpatient cardiac rehabilitation. BACKGROUND: Exercise capacity is a powerful predictor of prognosis in men with known or suspected coronary disease. Similar findings are described in women, but fewer studies have utilized measured VO(2peak), the most accurate measure of exercise capacity. METHODS: A single-center design took data from 2,380 women, age 59.7 +/- 9.5 years (1,052 myocardial infarctions, 620 coronary bypass procedures, and 708 with proven ischemic heart disease), who underwent cardiorespiratory exercise testing. They were followed for an average of 6.1 +/- 5 years (median 4.5 years, range 0.4 to 25 years) until cardiac and all-cause death. RESULTS: We recorded 95 cardiac deaths and 209 all-cause deaths. Measured VO(2peak) was an independent predictor of risk, values > or =13 ml/kg/min (3.7 multiples of resting metabolic rate) conferring a 50% reduction in cardiac mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.5, p = 0.001). Considered as a continuous variable, a 1 ml/kg/min advantage in initial VO(2peak) was associated with a 10% lower cardiac mortality. Adverse predictors were diabetes (HR 2.73, p = 0.0005) and antiarrhythmic therapy (HR 3.93, p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: As in men, measured VO(2peak) is a strong independent predictor of cardiac mortality in women referred for cardiac rehabilitation. 相似文献
5.
Kayode O. Kuku Hector M. Garcia-Garcia Edward Koifman Alexandre H. Kajita Sameer Desale Viana Azizi Gebremedhin Melaku Anh Bui Yael F. Meirovich Solomon Beyene Aaphtaab Dheendsa Blaine Schneider Ron Waksman On behalf of the CELLO study investigators 《The international journal of cardiovascular imaging》2018,34(3):345-352
The CliRpath Excimer Laser System to Enlarge Lumen Openings (CELLO) registry included patients treated with modified excimer laser catheters for the endovascular treatment of peripheral artery disease affecting the superficial femoral artery (SFA) and proximal popliteal artery. The aim of this study was to assess, via intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) the dissections in the vessel wall following treatment with the laser catheters. IVUS grayscale images from the CELLO registry were systematically reviewed for dissections in the treated vessel segments by two investigators. Images from 33 patients; 66 pullbacks (1867 IVUS frames in 2 phases), were successfully matched frame-to-frame to evaluate identical segments of the treated vessels in the two phases; post-2 mm Turbo-Elite laser pilot channel creation and post Turbo-Booster laser atherectomy. Dissections were categorized as; (1) intimal, (2) medial, (3) intramural hematoma, and (4) adventitial according to the ACC Clinical Expert Consensus Document classification of dissections. An average of 57 frames was evaluated per pullback, giving a total of 3734 frames (1867 matched for pre-ablation (post channel creation) and post-ablation phases). Treatments with the modified Excimer laser catheters resulted in a significant increase in lumen area of 5.5?±?3.2-mm2 (95% CI 4.3–6.8, p?<?0.0001) and reduction in plaque plus media volume of ?10.6?±?36.0 mm3 (95% CI ?25.8 to 4.6, p?=?0.1619) whilst giving rise to mainly intramural hematoma formations post Turbo-Booster laser treatment in 55% of frames assessed and 24% medial dissections with less than 1% adventitial disruption. The Excimer laser based Turbo-Booster treatment of peripheral artery lesions resulted in significant plaque debulking and increased lumen diameter with negligible degree of adventitial layer injury. 相似文献
6.
Nicholas L. Balderston Joanne C. Beer Darsol Seok Walid Makhoul Zhi-De Deng Tommaso Girelli Marta Teferi Nathan Smyk Marc Jaskir Desmond J. Oathes Yvette I. Sheline 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2022,47(2):588
Resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) offers promise for individualizing stimulation targets for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) treatments. However, current targeting approaches do not account for non-focal TMS effects or large-scale connectivity patterns. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel targeting optimization approach that combines whole-brain rsFC and electric-field (e-field) modelling to identify single-subject, symptom-specific TMS targets. In this proof of concept study, we recruited 91 anxious misery (AM) patients and 25 controls. We measured depression symptoms (MADRS/HAMD) and recorded rsFC. We used a PCA regression to predict symptoms from rsFC and estimate the parameter vector, for input into our e-field augmented model. We modeled 17 left dlPFC and 7 M1 sites using 24 equally spaced coil orientations. We computed single-subject predicted ΔMADRS/HAMD scores for each site/orientation using the e-field augmented model, which comprises a linear combination of the following elementwise products (1) the estimated connectivity/symptom coefficients, (2) a vectorized e-field model for site/orientation, (3) rsFC matrix, scaled by a proportionality constant. In AM patients, our connectivity-based model predicted a significant decrease depression for sites near BA9, but not M1 for coil orientations perpendicular to the cortical gyrus. In control subjects, no site/orientation combination showed a significant predicted change. These results corroborate previous work suggesting the efficacy of left dlPFC stimulation for depression treatment, and predict better outcomes with individualized targeting. They also suggest that our novel connectivity-based e-field modelling approach may effectively identify potential TMS treatment responders and individualize TMS targeting to maximize the therapeutic impact.Subject terms: Cognitive control, Depression 相似文献
7.
Multiorgan dysfunction in infants with post-asphyxial hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Shah P Riphagen S Beyene J Perlman M 《Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition》2004,89(2):F152-F155
BACKGROUND: Multiorgan dysfunction (MOD) is one of four consensus based criteria for the diagnosis of intrapartum asphyxia. The theoretical concept behind MOD is the diving reflex (conservation of blood flow to vital organs at the cost of non-vital organs). OBJECTIVES: To assess the patterns of involvement of each major organ/system and combinations of involvement in infants with post-asphyxial hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE), and to describe this in relation to long term outcome. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Regional tertiary neonatal intensive care unit at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada. PATIENTS: Term neonates with post-intrapartal asphyxial HIE assessed for kidney, cardiovascular system, lung, and liver function. OUTCOME: Death and presence or absence of severe neurodevelopmental disability. RESULTS: Out of 130 of 144 eligible infants with outcome data, 80 (62%) had severe adverse outcome and 50 (38%) had good outcome. All infants had evidence of MOD (at least one organ dysfunction in addition to HIE). Renal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and hepatic dysfunction was present in 58-88% of infants with good outcome and 64-86% of infants with adverse outcome. CONCLUSIONS: MOD was present in all the infants with severe post-asphyxial HIE. However, there was no association between MOD and outcome in these infants. No relation between individual or combinations of organ involvements and long term outcomes was observed. 相似文献
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9.
Siavash Maghsoudlou Zhijie Michael Yu Joseph Beyene Sarah D. McDonald 《Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada》2019,41(10):1423-1432.e9
ObjectiveA classification model based on preterm birth clinical presentations (phenotypes) was proposed at the International Conference on Prematurity and Stillbirth, with calls for validation. This study sought to determine the distribution of clinical phenotypes of preterm birth among nulliparous women, their corresponding associations with maternal characteristics, and the odds ratios (ORs) of preterm Caesarean section and other adverse outcomes.MethodsA population-based cohort study was performed of all nulliparous women with singleton pregnancies (>20 weeks) who gave birth in a hospital in Ontario between 2012 and 2014. Logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted ORs (Canadian Task Force Classification II-2).ResultsAmong 113 942 nulliparous women, 6.1% delivered at <37 weeks, at a mean gestational age of 33.9 weeks. Of those women, 34.1% did not meet the criteria for the presence of any clinical phenotype; 42.3% had one maternal, fetal, or placental condition; 22.3% had two clinical conditions; and 1.3% had three clinical conditions. The most common preterm birth phenotypes were worsening of maternal diseases (24.0%), intrauterine growth restriction (23.5%), and fetal distress (23.0%). Compared with preterm births without any significant clinical phenotype, those with maternal, fetal, or placental phenotypes were associated with increased odds of Caesarean section (adjusted ORs 2.70 [95% confidence interval [CI] 2.30–3.17], 1.66 [95% CI 1.36–2.03], and 6.49 [95% CI 4.29–9.80], respectively).ConclusionApproximately two thirds of nulliparous preterm births were grouped into distinct clinical phenotypes. This study demonstrated that outcomes varied across phenotypes, thus providing evidence of benefit for the phenotypic classification model. 相似文献
10.
Rong?Chu Edward?J?Mills Joseph?Beyene Eleanor?Pullenayegum Celestin?Bakanda Jean?B?Nachega P?J?Devereaux Lehana?ThabaneEmail author 《AIDS research and therapy》2013,10(1):19