全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1682篇 |
免费 | 96篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 9篇 |
儿科学 | 94篇 |
妇产科学 | 71篇 |
基础医学 | 253篇 |
口腔科学 | 27篇 |
临床医学 | 132篇 |
内科学 | 376篇 |
皮肤病学 | 12篇 |
神经病学 | 136篇 |
特种医学 | 40篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 207篇 |
综合类 | 15篇 |
预防医学 | 178篇 |
眼科学 | 14篇 |
药学 | 83篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 133篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 17篇 |
2021年 | 26篇 |
2020年 | 20篇 |
2019年 | 24篇 |
2018年 | 24篇 |
2017年 | 18篇 |
2016年 | 31篇 |
2015年 | 29篇 |
2014年 | 44篇 |
2013年 | 52篇 |
2012年 | 103篇 |
2011年 | 81篇 |
2010年 | 52篇 |
2009年 | 42篇 |
2008年 | 57篇 |
2007年 | 67篇 |
2006年 | 77篇 |
2005年 | 88篇 |
2004年 | 94篇 |
2003年 | 83篇 |
2002年 | 75篇 |
2001年 | 67篇 |
2000年 | 42篇 |
1999年 | 45篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 18篇 |
1996年 | 16篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 13篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 34篇 |
1991年 | 30篇 |
1990年 | 26篇 |
1989年 | 45篇 |
1988年 | 41篇 |
1987年 | 34篇 |
1986年 | 27篇 |
1985年 | 27篇 |
1984年 | 20篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 21篇 |
1978年 | 14篇 |
1977年 | 13篇 |
1972年 | 9篇 |
1971年 | 9篇 |
1968年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有1782条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
A. S. W. Tjon T. Tha‐In H. J. Metselaar R. van Gent L. J. W. van der Laan Z. M. A. Groothuismink P. A. W. te Boekhorst P. M. van Hagen J. Kwekkeboom 《Clinical and experimental immunology》2013,173(2):259-267
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is used to treat autoimmune and systemic inflammatory diseases caused by derailment of humoral and cellular immunity. In this study we investigated whether IVIg treatment can modulate regulatory T cells (Tregs) in humans in vivo. Blood was collected from IVIg-treated patients with immunodeficiency or autoimmune disease who were treated with low-dose (n = 12) or high-dose (n = 15) IVIg before, immediately after and at 7 days after treatment. Percentages and activation status of circulating CD4+CD25+forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3+) Tregs and of conventional CD4+FoxP3− T-helper cells (Tconv) were measured. The suppressive capacity of Tregs purified from blood collected at the time-points indicated was determined in an ex-vivo assay. High-dose, but not low-dose, IVIg treatment enhanced the activation status of circulating Tregs, as shown by increased FoxP3 and human leucocyte antigen D-related (HLA-DR) expression, while numbers of circulating Tregs remained unchanged. The enhanced activation was sustained for at least 7 days after infusion, and the suppressive capacity of purified Tregs was increased from 41 to 70% at day 7 after IVIg treatment. The activation status of Tconv was not affected by IVIg. We conclude that high-dose IVIg treatment activates Tregs selectively and enhances their suppressive function in humans in vivo. This effect may be one of the mechanisms by which IVIg restores imbalanced immune homeostasis in patients with autoimmune and systemic inflammatory disorders. 相似文献
42.
43.
Anneline S. J. M. te Riele Cynthia A. James Brittney Murray Crystal Tichnell Nuria Amat-Alarcon Kathleen Burks Harikrishna Tandri Hugh Calkins Michael Polydefkis Daniel P. Judge 《Journal of cardiovascular translational research》2016,9(1):87-89
Prior reports have identified associations between SCN10A and cardiac disorders, such as atrial fibrillation and Brugada syndrome. We evaluated SCN10A in 151 probands with ARVD/C. In this cohort, 10 putatively pathogenic SCN10A variants were identified, including a novel frameshift insertion. Despite a known role for the encoded protein in peripheral nerve function, the proband with the frameshift variant had no discernible neurological abnormalities. Arrhythmic phenotypes were not different between those with a rare variant in SCN10A and those without. The prevalence of rare variants in SCN10A was similar among ARVD/C probands with and without a desmosome mutation and similar among healthy Caucasian controls. These results indicate the absence of a primary role for SCN10A mutations in ARVD/C. 相似文献
44.
High resolution SNP array profiling identifies variability in retinoblastoma genome stability 下载免费PDF全文
Berber M. Mol Maarten P. G. Massink Annemarie H. van der Hout Charlotte J. Dommering Johannes M. A. Zaman Machteld I. Bosscha Wijnanda A. Kors Hanne E. Meijers‐Heijboer Gertjan J. L. Kaspers Hein te Riele Annette C. Moll Jacqueline Cloos Josephine C. Dorsman 《Genes, chromosomes & cancer》2014,53(1):1-14
Both hereditary and nonhereditary retinoblastoma (Rb) are commonly initiated by loss of both copies of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB1), while additional genomic changes are required for tumor initiation and progression. Our aim was to determine whether there is genomic heterogeneity between different clinical Rb subtypes. Therefore, 21 Rb tumors from 11 hereditary patients and 10 nonhereditary Rb patients were analyzed using high‐resolution single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays and gene losses and gains were validated with Multiplex Ligation‐dependent Probe Amplification. In these tumors only a few focal aberrations were detected. The most frequent was a focal gain on chromosome 2p24.3, the minimal region of gain encompassing the oncogene MYCN. The genes BAZ1A, OTX2, FUT8, and AKT1 were detected in four focal regions on chromosome 14 in one nonhereditary Rb. There was a large difference in number of copy number aberrations between tumors. A subset of nonhereditary Rbs turned out to be the most genomic unstable, while especially very young patients with hereditary Rb display stable genomes. Established Rb copy number aberrations, including gain of chromosome arm 1q and loss of chromosome arm 16q, turned out to be preferentially associated with the nonhereditary Rbs with later age of diagnosis. In contrast, copy number neutral loss of heterozygosity was detected mainly on chromosome 13, where RB1 resides, irrespective of hereditary status or age. Focal amplifications and deletions and copy number neutral loss of heterozygosity besides chromosome 13 appear to be rare events in retinoblastoma. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
45.
Simone CS Wolfkamp Caroline Verseyden Esther WM Vogels Sander Meisner Kirsten Boonstra Charlotte P Peters Pieter CF Stokkers Anje A te Velde 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2014,20(10):2664-2672
AIM:To investigate if the presence of relevant genetic polymorphisms has effect on the effectual clearance of bacteria by monocytes and granulocytes in patients with Crohn’s disease(CD).METHODS:In this study,we assessed the differential responses in phagocytosis by measuring the phagocytic activity and the percentage of active phagocytic monocytes and granulocytes in inflammatory bowel disease patients as well as healthy controls.As both autophagy related like 1(ATG16L1)and immunityrelated guanosine triphosphatase gene are autophagy genes associated with CD and more recently nucleo-tide-binding ligomerization domain-containing protein2(NOD2)has been identified as a potent inducer of autophagy we genotyped the patients for these variants and correlated this to the phagocytic reaction.The genotyping was done with restriction fragment length polymorphisms analysis and the phagocytosis was determined with the pHrodo?Escherichia coli Bioparticles Phagocytosis kit for flowcytometry.RESULTS:In this study,we demonstrate that analysis of the monocyte and granulocyte populations of patients with CD and ulcerative colitis showed a comparable phagocytic activity(ratio of mean fluorescence intensity)between the patient groups and the healthy controls.CD patients show a significantly higher phagocytic capacity(ratio mean percentage of phagocytic cells)compared to healthy controls(51.91%±2.85%vs 37.67%±7.06%,P=0.05).The extend of disease was not of influence.However,variants of ATG16L1(WT:2.03±0.19 vs homozygoot variant:4.38±0.37,P<0.009)as well as NOD2(C-ins)(heterozygous variant:42.08±2.94 vs homozygous variant:75.58±4.34(P=0.05)are associated with the phagocytic activity in patients with CD.CONCLUSION:Monocytes of CD patients show enhanced phagocytosis associated with the presence of ATG16L1 and NOD2 variants.This could be part of the pathophysiological mechanism resulting in the disease. 相似文献
46.
47.
48.
Anke M. J. Kuijpers MD Boj Mirck MD Arend G. J. Aalbers MD Simon W. Nienhuijs MD PhD Ignace H. J. T. de Hingh MD PhD Martinus J. Wiezer MD PhD Bert van Ramshorst MD PhD Robert J. van Ginkel MD PhD Klaas Havenga MD PhD Andreas J. Bremers MD PhD Johannes H. W. de Wilt MD PhD Elisabeth A. te Velde MD PhD Vic J. Verwaal MD PhD 《Annals of surgical oncology》2013,20(13):4224-4230
Purpose
This nationwide study evaluated results of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for peritoneal metastasis of colorectal origin in the Netherlands following a national protocol.Methods
In a multi-institutional study prospective databases of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) from colorectal cancer and pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) treated according to the Dutch HIPEC protocol, a uniform approach for the CRS and HIPEC treatment, were reviewed. Primary end point was overall survival and secondary end points were surgical outcome and progression-free survival.Results
Nine-hundred sixty patients were included; 660 patients (69 %) were affected by PC of colorectal carcinoma and the remaining suffered from PMP (31 %). In 767 procedures (80 %), macroscopic complete cytoreduction was achieved. Three-hundred and thirty one patients had grade III–V complications (34 %). Thirty-two patients died perioperatively (3 %). Median length of hospital stay was 16 days (range 0–166 days). Median follow-up period was 41 months (95 % confidence interval (CI), 36–46 months). Median progression-free survival was 15 months (95 % CI 13–17 months) for CRC patients and 53 months (95 % CI 40–66 months) for PMP patients. Overall median survival was 33 (95 % CI 28–38 months) months for CRC patients and 130 months (95 % CI 98–162 months) for PMP patients. Three- and five-year survival rates were 46 and 31 % respectively in case of CRC patients and 77 and 65 % respectively in case of PMP patients.Conclusions
The results underline the safety and efficacy of cytoreduction and HIPEC for PC from CRC and PMP. It is assumed the uniform Dutch HIPEC protocol was beneficial. 相似文献49.
Olivia Boyer Stéphanie Woerner Fan Yang Edward J. Oakeley Bolan Linghu Olivier Gribouval Marie-Josèphe Tête José S. Duca Lloyd Klickstein Amy J. Damask Joseph D. Szustakowski Fran?oise Heibel Marie Matignon Véronique Baudouin Fran?ois Chantrel Jacqueline Champigneulle Laurent Martin Patrick Nitschké Marie-Claire Gubler Keith J. Johnson Salah-Dine Chibout Corinne Antignac 《Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN》2013,24(8):1216-1222
50.
Coralie Moncharmont Alexis Vallard Sylvie Mengue Ndong Jean-Baptiste Guy Claire Saget Benoîte Méry 《Acta oto-laryngologica》2016,136(2):181-188
Conclusion: The present study demonstrates the feasibility of VMAT in association with platin or cetuximab in HNSCC and reports VMAT-related acute and late toxicities for the first time. Objectives: New radiotherapy techniques, such as Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) were developed to lower RT-related toxicity. The aim of the present study was to investigate acute and late toxicities of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients treated using VMAT. Methods: This study investigated retrospectively all patients with HNSCC who received VMAT in curative intent. Results: From 2010–2013, 150 patients were treated. Seventy-five patients (50%) received concurrent chemotherapy with VMAT, 51 patients (34%) received VMAT alone and 24 patients (16%) received concurrent cetuximab with VMAT. Mean delivered dose to planning target volume tumor (PTV T), high risk nodes (PTV HNR), low risk nodes (PTV LNR) and prophylactic nodes (PTV PN) were: 65.2 Gy, 62.9 Gy, 55.4 Gy, and 51.5 Gy, respectively. PTV mean coverages were higher than 96.5%. Most common grade 3/4 acute infield toxicities were mucosis (n?=?28, 19%), dysphagia (n?=?24, 16%), and dermatitis (n?=?24, 16%). With a median follow-up of 16.0 months, most common late toxicities were dysphagia (n?=?30, 20%), xerostomia (n?=?28, 19%), larynx stiff (n?=?17, 11%), and skin fibrosis (n?=?14, 9%). 相似文献