宫血宁在药流后出血的临床观察

药物流产后出血时间长一直是临床难以解决的问题，为缩短药流后出血时间，我们采取宫血宁治疗本症，取得满意效果。本文就宫血宁胶囊治疗药流后出血作一临床观察，现将结果报道如下。     

UHPLC-MS/MS测定人血浆中美托洛尔的含量

目的 建立测定人血浆中美托洛尔含量的UHPLC-MS/MS分析方法。方法 采用Agilent RRHD PLUS C₁₈色谱柱（2.1 mm×50 mm,1.8 μm）,0.2%甲酸水溶液-乙腈（68∶32）为流动相。质谱采用电喷雾离子源（ESI）,多反应监测（MRM）,检测离子为正离子,分别选择m/z 268/116、237/194作为美托洛尔和内标（卡马西平）的检测离子对。结果 血浆中美托洛尔在1.012~759.0 ng·mL^-1内线性关系良好（r=0.999 2）。高、中、低浓度美托洛尔的基质效应分别为105.9%,106.1%,106.9%;平均回收率分别为83.0%,99.3%,95.2%。批内精密度RSD≤3.22%,批间精密度RSD≤4.14%。结论 该方法简便、灵敏、快速、准确,适用于血浆中美托洛尔的含量测定。     

PVC/PE/PVDC固体药用复合硬片PVDC涂布量测定

目的 建立一种测定聚氯乙烯/聚乙烯/聚偏二氯乙烯（PVC/PE/PVDC）固体药用复合硬片PVDC涂布量的方法。方法 裁取10 cm×10 cm的样品5片,将样品先在丙酮中浸泡,分离得到PVC层和PE/PVDC复合层。将PE/PVDC复合层于80℃中干燥2 h后,于23℃放置4 h,精密称定。再将PE/PVDC复合层在四氢呋喃中浸泡,使PVDC层溶解在四氢呋喃溶液中,得到PE膜层,于80℃中干燥2 h后,于23℃放置4 h,精密称定,前后2次差值即为PVDV质量（g）。最后计算PVDC涂布量（以g·m^-2表示）。结果 5批样品PVDC涂布量测定结果与标示涂布量均一致,且偏差均在±5%之内。结论 该方法准确、灵敏,适用于PVC/PE/PVDC固体药用复合硬片PVDC涂布量的测定。     

阿里红中齿孔酸和总三萜酸的含量测定

目的 建立阿里红中齿孔酸及其总三萜酸的含量测定方法。方法 采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定总三萜酸含量;采用HPLC测定齿孔酸含量。色谱柱为RP-C₁₈柱（4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm）;流动相为乙腈-0.4%磷酸（68∶ 32）,检测波长210 nm,流速1.0 mL·min^-1,柱温30℃。结果 3批阿里红药材中齿孔酸含量分别为2.3%,2.6%,3.1%;总三萜酸含量分别为27.2%,32.1%,35.9%。结论 所建立的分析方法准确、简便,可为定量评价阿里红药材的质量提供依据。     

血清胱抑素C纤维蛋白原及24小时尿蛋白定量对紫癜性肾炎儿童肾损伤程度的评估效果

目的 探讨血清胱抑素C （CysC）、纤维蛋白质（Fbg）及24小时尿蛋白定量对紫癜性肾炎（HSPN）儿童肾损伤程度的评估效果。方法 以苏州新世纪儿童医院2014年1月至2016年12月收治的86例HSPN患儿为研究对象。入院后检测血清Cys C、Fbg和24小时尿蛋白定量,同时进行肾脏穿刺活检评估肾脏损害严重程度。分析血清CysC、Fbg及24小时尿蛋白定量与肾损伤程度的关系。结果 随着肾小球病理分级和肾小管间质病理分级提高,血清CysC、Fbg及24小时尿蛋白定量均上升（P<0.05）;不同肾小球病理分级和和肾小管间质病理分级患儿血清CysC、Fbg及24小时尿蛋白定量比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Spearman相关分析结果显示,血清CysC、Fbg及24小时尿蛋白定量与肾小球病理分级（r=0.569,r=0.633,r=0.685,P<0.05）和肾小管间质病理分级（r=0.613,r=0.715,r=0.739,P<0.05）均存在正相关性。结论 血清CysC、Fbg及24小时尿蛋白定量与HSPN患儿肾脏损伤严重程度密切相关,且检测方法简单、无创,易于获得,可作为肾脏损伤筛查的指标。     

益气补肾方含药血清对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901增殖转移及CD44+EpCAM+干细胞比例的影响

目的 探讨益气补肾方含药血清对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901增殖转移能力及CD44⁺EpCAM⁺干细胞比例的影响。方法 分别以低、中、高不同浓度益气补肾方含药血清及空白血清干预人胃癌细胞SGC-7901。采用MTT法检测24,48,72 h细胞增殖抑制率,Transwell小室检测胃癌细胞迁移侵袭能力。采用5-氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）共培养富集胃癌干细胞,流式细胞术检测药物干预后CD44⁺EpCAM⁺干细胞比例。结果 干预48,72 h后,益气补肾方组细胞增殖抑制率显著高于同时期阴性对照组及空白对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Transwell结果显示,与阴性对照组和空白对照组比较,益气补肾方各组透膜细胞数显著降低,迁移能力受明显抑制,差异有显著统计学意义（P<0.01）。流式细胞术结果显示,终浓度为20 μg·mL^-1的5-Fu共培养24 h后,胃癌干细胞比例显著提升,益气补肾方干预后各组细胞中CD44⁺EpCAM⁺干细胞比例均下调,中、高浓度组与模型对照组相比,差异有显著统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论 益气补肾方含药血清能显著抑制人胃癌细胞SGC-7901增殖,并呈时间、剂量相关性,其抗转移作用可能与下调胃癌干细胞表面标志物CD44、EpCAM表达,降低CD44⁺EpCAM⁺干细胞比例有关。     

The anti-tumor effect of pachymic acid on osteosarcoma cells by inducing PTEN and Caspase 3/7-dependent apoptosis

Pachymic acid (PA) is a lanostane type triterpenoid isolated from Poria cocos, which possesses an anti-tumor effect in breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, and bladder cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of PA on the growth and apoptosis of human immortalized cell line (HOS) and primary osteosarcoma cells by a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) staining, respectively. Western blot was used to measure the expression of cleaved Caspase 3, PTEN, and AKT, as well as the AKT phosphorylation. The Caspase 3 activity was determined using the Caspase-3 Colorimetric Assay Kit. From the results, PA significantly reduced cell proliferation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. PA also induced cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion. PA treatment led to increased Caspase 3 activation and PTEN expression, as well as reduced AKT phosphorylation. Moreover, Ac-DEVD-CHO (a Caspase 3/7 inhibitor) pre-treatment or PTEN knockdown partially blocked the effects of PA on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Caspase 3/7 inhibitor had an additive effect with PTEN knockdown. Collectively, our results suggested that induction of apoptosis by PA was mediated in part by PTEN/AKT signaling and Caspase 3/7 activity. This study provides evidence that PA might be useful in the treatment of human osteosarcoma.     

铜绿假单胞菌的群体感应系统及其抑制剂研究进展

群体感应系统(quorum sensing system, QS)是一种微生物细胞与细胞间的交流系统。铜绿假单胞菌是该系统的典型代表,可调控细菌产生对抗生素的耐药、形成生物膜、产生毒力因子,并且减弱宿主的免疫应答。群体感应系统抑制剂(quorum sensing inhibitors, QSIs)在不影响细菌生长的前提下可降低细菌的毒性,且增强细菌生物膜对抗生素治疗的敏感性,这些特点使QSIs成为目前抗感染领域的研发热点。本文就铜绿假单胞菌的群体感应系统及QSIs的研究进展进行了综述。     

Epidemiology of human adenovirus infection in children hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infections in Hunan,China

To investigate the current genotypes of circulating human adenovirus (HAdV) strains, we molecularly genotyped HAdV in the nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) of patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTIs) and attempted to determine their associations with clinical symptoms. A total of 4751 NPA samples were collected from 4751 patients admitted to Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from September 2007 to March 2014, of which 447 (9.4%) samples were HAdV positive. Fourteen different HAdV types were identified; HAdV types 1 to 7 (HAdV 1-7) were identified in 95.7% of the 447 NPA samples with HAdV-7 and HAdV-3 being the most prevalent. In addition, 93.3% (417 of 447) of patients were younger than 5 years. The incidence of HAdV infection peaked in summer. Different HAdV types showed a predilection for different age groups and different seasonal distribution patterns. Coinfection of HAdVs and other respiratory viruses was detected in 63.3% (283 of 447) of the HAdV-positive samples. The most common clinical diagnosis was pneumonia and the most common symptoms were fever and cough. In comparison with children infected with HAdV-3 alone, those infected with HAdV-7 alone had an increased frequency of severe pneumonia involvement (11.6% vs 32.4%; P = 0.031), higher intensive care unit admission rates (7.0% vs 26.5%; P = 0.019), and a longer length of hospital stay (P = 0.03). Mixed infections in younger children were associated with a longer hospital stay (P = 0.023). Our results demonstrate the recent changes in the trends of circulating HAdV genotypes associated with ALRTIs in Hunan China.