法莫替丁片的人体相对生物利用度研究

比较河南省新乡人民药厂与国营青岛制药厂生产的法莫替丁片的人体相对生物利用度。方法：８名健康男性受试者口服４０ｍｇ法莫替丁片后,血药浓度采用高效液相色谱法测定。用中国药理学会制订的实用药动力学计算程序３Ｐ８７,计算药动学参数。结果：Ａ厂与Ｂ厂的Ｃｍａｘ分别为（１２２．５±１１．９）ｎｇ．ｍｌ＾－１和（１１７．９±１３．７）ｍｇ．ｍｌ＾－１;Ｔｍａｘ分别为（１．９±０．４）ｈ和（１．９±０．３）ｈ;Ａ     

监测活化部分凝血活酶时间评价血液透析中抗凝药物疗效

在血液透析（ＨＤ）全程中，通过活化部分凝血活酶时间（ＡＰＴＴ）的监测，对１００例行规律ＨＤ患者的肝素使用剂量进行监控。结果显示，在常规ＨＤ中，应控制ＡＰＴＴ超过基础值的８０．１５±５．２７％，透析结束时缩短至超过基础值的４１．０５±６．７２％。这样，既能保证ＨＤ安全进行，又可减轻尿毒症患者ＨＤ后的出血倾向     

慢性肾功能不全患者血清甲状旁腺素、钙、磷之间的关系

为了解慢性肾功能不全患者血清中钙、磷、甲状旁腺素（PTH）水平变化,藉以推测继发性甲状腺腺亢进的原因,观察了92例不同阶段段功能不全患者的血清、钙、磷、PTH水平。结果显示,PTH与内生肌酐清除（Ccr)呈负相关（P＜0．05）,与血清磷水平呈正相关（P＜0．05）,与血清钙水平无相关必.性肾功能不全早期,随着Ccr降低,PTH逐渐升高,但血磷、血钙水平并无显著改变,慢性肾功能不全后期（肾功能衰竭期）血磷水平才明显升高,血钙水羡明显降低。     

Effect of Aluminum on Long-Term Potentiation and Its Relation to L-arg-No-pathway in Hippocampal CA3 Area of Rats

Experiments were performed on 64 Sprague-Dawley rats under urethane anesthesia. Extracellular recording method was used to investigate the effect of aluminum(Al)microinjected into CA3 on long-term potentiation(LTP)in this area. The relationship between the inhibitory effect of Al and L-arginine-NO pathway was also studied. Microinjection of Al (0.5 mot/L, 1μl) into CA3 could block the induction of LTP in CA3. Microinjection of Al (0.5 mol/L, 1μl) into CA3 after LTP was induced could also decrease the amplitude of population spike(PS).The inhibitory effect of Al on LTP in CA3 could be enhanced by preinjection of N~G-nitro-L-arginine (0.3 mol/L, 1μl). Preinjection of L-arginine (0.3 mol/L, 1μl) into CA3 could antagonize the inhibitory effect of Al on LTP.These results suggest that Al could block the induction of LTP and decrease the amplitude of PS potentiated in CA3. The effect of A1 might be antagonized by Larginine-NO pathway.     

L-Arg-NO途径对铝抑制大鼠海马CA3区诱发电位的影响

实验在70只乌拉坦麻醉的SD大鼠上进行。在海马CA3区记录诱发的群体锋电位（PS）,探讨了左旋精氨酸——氧化氮（L-Arg-NO）途径对铝抑制PS波幅的作用。结果:（1）0.5 mol/L AICI_3注入CA3区后,PS幅度较注药前显著减小（P<0.05）。（2）CA3区内注入0.1和 0.3mol/L硝基左旋精氨酸（ NLA）能分别加强0.25和0.5 mol/L AICl_3 的抑制效应。（3）CA3区注入0.3 mol/L左旋精氨酸（L-Arg）能拮抗0.5 mol/L AICI_3 对PS波幅的抑制作用,此拮抗作用并能为 NLA所翻转。（4）CA3区内注入 0.2mmol/L亚甲蓝（MB）能加强铝对PS的抑制作用。结果提示:AICI_3对CA3区诱发的PS幅度有抑制作用,此作用可能与L-Arg-NO途径受到损害有关。     

大鼠楔状核内微量注射吗啡、乙酰胆碱对中缝大核痛放电的影响

用玻璃微电极细胞外记录神经元放电与脑核团注药方法，观察大鼠楔状核内微量注射吗啡、乙酸胆碱对中缝大核内痛兴奋性神经元痛放电频率的影响。结果表明；向楔状核分别注入吗啡和乙酰胆碱均能抑制中缝大核的痛放电；若预先向楔状核注射纳络酮和阿托品能分别拮抗吗啡及乙酰胆碱的抑制痛放电效应。单独注入纳络酮或阿托品可引起痛放电频率增加。结果提示：楔状核内某些神经元对中缝大核的痛兴奋性神经元活动起抑制作用，楔状核内的内源性阿片肽与乙酰胆碱参与这一过程，并分别由阿片受体及胆碱能M-受体介导。     

促甲状腺激素释放激素注入大鼠楔状核对中缝大核痛放电的影响

用玻璃微电极记录大鼠中缝大核（NRM）内痛兴奋性神经元（PEN）的单位放电，观察楔状核（NCF）注入微量促甲状腺激素释放激素（TRH）对PEN痛诱发放电频率的影响，并初步探讨TRH与阿片肽之间的关系。结果显示，NCF内注入TRH（0.5μg/0.5μl)能明显抑制NRM的PEN痛放电，最大抑制率为71.5±5.9％；在NCF或中脑导水管周围灰质（PAG）预先注射纳络酮（lμg／0.5μl）均可使TRH的上述抑制效应显著减弱。提示，NCF内的TRH可能参与伤害性信息的调制过程；在此过程中，NCF和PAG内的阿片受体起介导作用。     

Effects of electro-acupuncture and exogenous transmitters applied microiontophoretically on pain discharges in mesencephalic reticular formation

Summary This work was performed on 72 albino rats immobilized by tubocurarine. Our results suggest that electro-acupuncture might evoke a release of neurotransmitters including noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine at the level of mesencephalic reticular formation (MRF), so that discharges from the pain-sensitive neurons would be inhibited, the transmission of pain signals could be blocked and an analgesic effect produced. In addition, the results also suggest that, as a neurotransmitter, acetylcholine might probably participate in the transmission of pain signals in MRF and that electro-acupuncture might exert a post-synaptic inhibitory effect on the pain-sensitive neurons in MRF     

复方盐酸环丙沙星耳用滴丸的制备及质量控制

目的:制备复方环丙沙星耳用滴丸,并建立其质量控制方法。方法:以聚乙二醇为基质制备复方环丙沙星耳用滴丸,高效液相色谱法测定主药含量。结果:所制滴丸平均粒径0.45mm,粒重40mg;主药盐酸环丙沙星、醋酸地塞米松检测浓度线性范围分别为20～120、4～24μg/ml(r=0.9999),平均回收率分别为100.5%(RSD=0.36%)、99.5%(RSD=0.27%)。结论:该制剂制备工艺简单易行,质量稳定可靠。