采用IL－6cDNA控针检测人IL－6基因表达

采用缺口平移技术对ＩＬ—６ｃＤＮＡ进行了生物素和同位素标记，证明两种标记的ＩＬ－６ｃＤＮＡ（３０ｎｇ／ｍｌ）均可检出低至５ｐｇ的同源ＤＮＡ，而模拟探针（５００μｇ／ｍｌ）对高达１００ｎｇ的同源序列无此反应。应用ＩＬ－６ｃＤＮＡ对富含ＩＬ－６ｍＲＮＡ的标本进行斑点杂交或Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ杂交，证明人参三醇皂甙促进了淋巴细胞ＩＬ—６基因表达（４倍），人胎脾单个核细胞、人胎脑组织匀浆和人胎胰岛细胞内均含有高浓度ＩＬ—６ｍＲＮＡ。     

人大肠癌中Ⅳ型胶原酶与基底膜免疫组织化学双重染色研究

目的观察Ⅳ型胶原酶和基底膜在大肠癌生长中的相互关系及Ⅳ型胶原酶的表达与ｐ２１的表达之间的关系。方法应用免疫组化双标记方法，对８６例人大肠癌组织的Ⅳ型胶原酶表达及基底膜的改变作对照研究。结果大肠癌组织中Ⅳ型胶原酶的阳性率为８３．７２％（７３／８６），与对照组癌周正常肠粘膜的阳性率１０％差异有非常显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）。同时，双染色显示Ⅳ型胶原酶阳性的癌组织基底膜表现为不连续，出现缺口、片段缺失或完全消失等形态。此外，肠癌中Ⅳ型胶原酶的分布与ｐ２１的表达呈正相关（ｒ＝０．９７４，ｐ＜０．０１）。结论Ⅳ型胶原酶的分泌对肠癌基底膜破坏起重要作用，可以作为判断大肠癌生长特性的辅助指标。     

双关节骨外固定器在老年桡骨远端复杂性骨折治疗中的应用

目的：探讨双关节骨外固定器治疗桡骨远端复杂性骨折的效果。方法：对16例老年人桡骨远端复杂性骨折采用手法闭合复位、双关节骨外固定器固定进行治疗。结果：随访8～38个月，骨折均获得良好的复位与固定，疗效较满意。结论：手法复位，双关节外固定器治疗桡骨远端复杂性骨折，可有效矫正畸形，重建桡腕关节的稳定，是一种微创、安全、疗效确切的治疗方法。     

抗蜱免疫研究Ⅱ.宿主被中华硬蜱叮咬后其血液和局部组织中组胺含量的动态分析

本文选用微量组胺测定技术，对中华硬蜱（Ｉｘｏｄｅｓｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）雌性成虫叮咬初次和再次感染宿主（家兔）血液和局部皮肤组织中组胺含量进行测定。研究结果表明：中华硬蜱初次叮咬家兔后吸血量２３３．７８±４０．５３ｍｇ，宿主血液和局部组织中组胺含量第５天达高峰，分别为４０５．４４±１２０．２９ｎｇ／ｍｌ和３６２．３４±８４．７２ｎｇ／ｇ，而中华硬蜱再次叮咬感染组家兔吸血量为９６．４２±３６．２８ｍｇ，宿主血液和局部组织中组胺迅速升高，２４小时达高峰，分别为６４２．４３±１４６．４７ｎｇ／ｍｌ和１１５２．５３±２０３．９６ｎｇ／ｇ，与初次叮咬组胺含量相比有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示组胺与宿主产生对蜱感染的获得性抵抗力有关。     

Cloning and characterization of a novel gene which encodes a protein interacting with the mitosis-associated kinase-like protein NTKL

NTKL is an evolutionarily conserved kinase-like protein. The cell-cycle-dependent centrosomal localization of NTKL suggested that it was involved in centrosome-related cellular function. The mouse NTKL protein is highly homologous with human NTKL. A novel mouse protein was identified as an NTKL-binding protein (NTKL-BP1) by yeast two-hybrid screening, and the full-length cDNA was amplified based on the result of a sequence data analysis cloning strategy. The full-length cDNA sequence of the NTKL-BP1 gene consists of 2,537 bp, which encode 368 amino acids. A database search revealed that homologues of NTKL-BP1 exist in different organisms, including Arabidopsis thaliana, Drosophila melanogaster, Plasmodium falciparum, Geobacter metallireducens, Anopheles gambiae and human. It suggests that NTKL-BP1 is an evolutionarily conserved protein. The expression of NTKL-BP1 was observed in multiple normal mouse tissues. The interaction of the two proteins was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. Moreover, immunofluorescent staining indicated that NTKL and NTKL-BP1 were all localized in the cytoplasm.     

NMDA receptor mediated dendritic plasticity in cortical cultures after oxygen-glucose deprivation

Dendrites and spines undergo dynamic changes in physiological and pathological conditions. Dendritic outgrowth has been observed in surviving neurons months after ischemia, which is associated with the functional compensation. It remains unclear how dendrites in surviving neurons are altered shortly after ischemia, which might reveal the mechanisms underlying neuronal survival. Using primary cortical cultures, we monitored the dendritic changes in individual neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Two to four hours of OGD induced approximately 30–50% cell death in 24 h. However, the total dendritic length in surviving neurons was significantly increased after OGD with a peak at 6 h after re-oxygenation. The increase of dendritic length after OGD was mainly due to the sprouting rather than the extension of the dendrites. The dendritic outgrowth after 2 h of OGD was greater than that after 4 h of OGD. Application of NMDA receptor blocker MK-801 abolished OGD-induced dendritic outgrowth, whereas application of AMPA receptor antagonist CNQX had no significant effects. These results demonstrate a NMDA receptor-dependent dendritic plasticity shortly after OGD, which provides insights into the early response of surviving neurons after ischemia.     

2019年秦皇岛市超重肥胖人群采取体重控制措施及影响因素分析

目的了解秦皇岛市超重肥胖人群采取体重控制措施情况,分析其影响因素。方法于2019年采用多阶段分层整群抽样法选取秦皇岛市3352名18~79岁超重肥胖者为调查对象,进行面对面问卷调查。采用SPSS 22.0软件进行χ^2检验和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果秦皇岛市超重肥胖人群采取体重控制措施率为13.9%。不同控制措施构成比例由高到低依次为控制饮食(41.3%)、控制饮食和运动组合措施(33.0%),加强运动措施(24.0%)、采取药物控制措施(1.7%)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:性别、年龄、文化程度、城乡、经济收入、高血压及血脂异常均是超重肥胖者采取体重控制措施的影响因素。女性(OR=1.646,95%CI:1.226~2.210)、≥65岁人群高年龄(与18~40岁相比,OR=1.445,95%CI:1.130~1.848)、初中及高中和大专及以上(与小学及以下相比,初中及高中OR=1.885,95%CI:1.225~2.902;大专及以上OR=1.581,95%CI:1.096~2.281)、城镇(OR=1.948,95%CI:1.579~2.403)、中等收入和高收入(与低收入相比,中等收入OR=2.276,95%CI:1.716~3.020;高收入OR=2.181,95%CI:1.617~2.941)、高血压(OR=1.500,95%CI:1.153~1.951)、血脂异常(OR=1.568,95%CI:1.096~2.281)均是超重肥胖者采取体重控制措施的影响因素,均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论秦皇岛市超重肥胖人群采取体重控制措施率较低,饮食和运动相结合的控制措施最有利于超重肥胖人群,应针对不同特征群体开展针对性干预措施。     

地塞米松诱发大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎实验研究

目的 在地塞米松磷酸钠诱导下建立大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的动物模型。方法 将40只雌性SD大鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,前者皮下注射地塞米松磷酸钠,1mg/次,2次/w;后者不做任何处理。观察两组大鼠的发病情况,并每隔3周两组各取5只动物进行病原学检查。结果 实验组大鼠第6周开始发病,肺印片、支气管肺泡灌洗液沉渣中查到卡氏肺孢子虫包囊及滋养体;对照组大鼠无异常表现,病原学检查阴性。结论 在地塞米松磷酸钠诱导下可成功建立大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎动物模型。     

Functional paraganglioma with tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava,first case report

Pheochromocytoma (PHEO) is a rare neuroendocrine that tumor originated from the adrenal medulla that secrets catecholamines. Tumors from extra-adrenal chromaffin tissues are called extra-adrenal PHEO or paraganglioma (PGL). To our knowledge, adrenal PHEO and subclinical PGL with inferior vena cava (IVC) invasion had been sporadically reported, while functional PGL with IVC tumor thrombus has not been publicly reported yet. Perioperative management of those diseases is less well established because of their multidisciplinary nature and rarity. We herein present a case of primary malignant PGL with IVC invasion. A 16-year-old female patient with a history of severe paroxysmal hypertension was admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital on suspicion of retroperitoneal mass. In-house diagnostic work-up revealed a malignant PGL with IVC invasion, inferior mesenteric artery encasement and, aorta engagement. Multi-disciplinary discussions were held and careful preoperative preparation plans were made. After everything was ready, the functional PGL and tumor thrombus were completely resected, then a reconstruction of IVC was performed. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 14 and all her clinical symptoms disappeared afterward. No evidence of tumor residual or metastasis was found in the subsequent six months of follow-up. Gene tests were made for her and her family. Albeit its rarity, functional PGL with IVC invasion is not unresectable, a multi-disciplinary task force should be established to settle down every detail. We recommended 3-dimensional imaging reconstruction for gaining a better anatomic understanding. Literature reviews showed that complete resection is the premise of a good prognosis. In particular cases, complementary or alternative therapy like chemotherapy and ¹³¹I-metaiodobenzylguanidine might help, family hereditary genetic tests are advised as well.     

IgG抗体亲和力试验判定麻疹病例的价值

目的评价麻疹IgG抗体亲和力试验对判定麻疹病例的价值。方法以中国疾病预防控制信息系统2013-2015年天津市麻疹实验室确诊病例和麻疹排除病例为研究对象。回顾性追溯保存的病例血清,开展麻疹IgG抗体亲和力试验,重新对麻疹排除病例进行归类。结果共收集到326例麻疹病例血标本,其中实验室确诊病例267例,排除病例59例,≥20岁病例占92.33%(301/326)。麻疹IgG抗体亲和力试验显示,确诊病例和排除病例中麻疹IgG高亲和力抗体的比例分别为66.95%(158/236)和91.23%(52/57),差异有统计学意义(χ²⁼13.33,P<0.001)。根据判定标准,15.25%(9/59)排除病例被重新判定为麻疹病例,其中8例是高亲和力抗体,有含麻疹成分疫苗(MCV)免疫史,判定为继发性免疫失败病例;1例为低亲和力抗体,有典型的麻疹临床症状,无MCV免疫史。结论麻疹IgG抗体亲和力试验能够提供有参考意义的血清学证据,可以减少麻疹急性期血清学诊断中由于IgM抗体假阴性而造成的错误排除。