Estimate of 2009 H1N1 influenza cases in Shenzhen--the biggest migratory city in China

The 2009 novel H1N1 influenza pandemic had a significant impact on Shenzhen's population with 2063 laboratory-confirmed human H1N1 cases and five deaths being reported. We used parameters from two population-based surveys and the Shenzhen Influenza Surveillance System to estimate the total number of H1N1 influenza infections in Shenzhen in the 2009 pandemic. The attack rate of influenza-like illness (ILI) in family households was 11·2% (95% CI 9·4-13·0), with 80·2% (95% CI 77·8-82·5) seeking medical care. The ILI attack rate in workers was 38·1% (95% CI 34·3-41·7) with 72·5% (95% CI 66·9-78·0) seeking medical care. The average H1N1 positive rate in individuals reporting ILI and testing by polymerase chain reaction was 22·7%. A total of 611 000-768 000 people, or 4·7-5·9% of the Shenzhen population, are estimated to have experienced H1N1 influenza. The estimated total number of cases of H1N1 is likely to be 330 times greater than the number of laboratory-confirmed cases.     

Occupational exposure to pesticides and nerve conduction studies among Korean farmers

This study aimed to determine whether occupational exposure to pesticides was associated with decreased nerve conduction studies among farmers. On 2 separate occasions, the authors performed a cross-sectional study of a group of 31 male farmers who periodically applied pesticides. The study included questionnaire interviews and nerve conduction studies on the median, ulnar, posterior tibial, peroneal, and sural nerves. Although all mean values remained within laboratory normal limits, significant differences between the first and second tests were found in sensory conduction velocities on the median and sural nerves, and motor conduction velocities on the posterior tibial nerve. Lifetime days of pesticide application was negatively associated with nerve conduction velocities at most nerves after adjusting for potential confounders. These findings may reflect a link between occupational pesticide exposure and peripheral neurophysiologic abnormality that deserves further evaluation.     

基于网络药理学-分子对接探讨益气养阴通络方抗类风湿关节炎的作用机制

[目的]采用网络药理学与分子对接探究益气养阴通络方干预类风湿关节炎（RA）的作用机制。[方法]通过中药系统药理学数据库及分析平台（TCMSP）、本草组鉴（HERB）和文献查阅获得复方活性成分与靶点,采用Genecards、在线人类孟德尔遗传数据库（OMIM）等数据库获得疾病靶点,然后采用数据库计算出益气养阴通络复方成分与疾病的交集靶点。对交集靶点施行功能和通路富集分析,选取益气养阴通络方核心药物靶点与关键化合物施行分子对接。[结果]网络药理学共筛选出益气养阴通络方的83种活性成分和779个潜在靶点,RA相关靶点5 393个,交集靶点465个,其中交集核心靶点9个（分别为SRC、STAT3、MAPK3、MAPK1、HSP90AA1、PIK3R1、GRB2、AKT1、PIK3CA）。富集得出PI3K-AKT、癌症相关及神经活性配体-受体相互作用等通路,其中PI3K-AKT信号通路可能是复方干预RA的关键通路之一。对接计算表明,益气养阴通络方的11种主要活性成分与关键靶点SRC、STAT3、PIK3R1、AKT1均有较稳定的结合,其中与AKT的结合可能最大。[结论]益气养阴通络方通过多成分-...     

疏肝降逆汤治疗反流性食管炎89例

反流性食管炎系指胃或十二指肠内容物反流到食管中而引起食管粘膜发生消化性炎症,发病率有逐年升高的趋势。笔者自2003年10月-2007年4月自拟疏肝降逆汤治疗89例,临床疗效显著,现总结如下。1一般资料临床共观察反流性食管炎89例,诊断标准以全国高等医学教育教材《内科学》第五版     

针刺影响慢性脊髓损伤大鼠脊髓组织神经生长因子及其受体的表达

为探索针刺治疗慢性脊髓损伤的作用机理,采用大鼠后路渐进性脊髓压迫动物模型,然后手术减压,并进行电针治疗.观察联合行为评分(CBS)、体感诱发电位和神经生长因子(NGF)及其受体的免疫组化变化.结果发现脊髓损伤后NGF和TrkA在神经元及胶质细胞表达增强,经过电针治疗后,NGF和TrkA在神经元和胶质细胞的表达下降;体感诱发电位检测和CBS评分显示,电针组明显优于减压组,电针组与减压组比较统计学差异具有显著性(P＜0.05).表明电针治疗促进脊髓损伤大鼠的行为功能恢复是通过内源性神经生长因子及其受体TrkA介导起作用的.     

Behavioral and biochemical studies of total furocoumarins from seeds of Psoralea corylifolia in the forced swimming test in mice

The behavioral and biochemical effects of total furocoumarins from seeds of Psoralea corylifolia (TFPC) were investigated in the forced swimming test (FST) in mice in comparison with amitriptyline and fluoxetine. TFPC was found to reduce the duration of immobility in the FST without accompanying changes in ambulatory, rearing and grooming behaviors in the open-field test. After a 3-day treatment, TFPC at the doses from 7.5 to 100 mg/kg significantly decreased the immobility time. The efficacy of the higher doses exceeded that of amitriptyline at 10 and 20 mg/kg and fluoxetine at 13 mg/kg. After a 7- or 14-day treatment, TFPC exhibited an inverted U-shaped dose-response relations, maximal effects were obtained at 30 mg/kg, when the efficacy appeared to be more than that of amitriptyline and fluoxetine. In animal brain and liver, after 14-day treatment, TFPC significantly inhibited monoamine oxidase A and B (MAO-A and MAO-B) activities with an inverted U-shaped dose-dependent relationship in brain, and with dose-dependent relationship in liver. Moreover, TFPC was more potent for MAO-B than MAO-A, except at the lowest dose, which was similar to amitriptyline and fluoxetine. In addition, TFPC blocked plasma elevated cortisol level, an indicator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. TFPC significantly decreased liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level, two indicators of oxidative stress, providing an inverted U-shaped dose-dependent relationship. These results suggest that TEPC possesses potent antidepressant properties that are mediated via MAO activity, HPA axis action and oxidative stress in the FST in mice.     

胃脘痛脾胃虚弱、脾胃湿热证与4种胃肠激素的变化及意义

目的:研究和探索胃脘痛脾胃虚弱、脾胃湿热型血清4种胃肠激素的变化及其临床意义。方法:选用符合中医内科学诊断标准的胃脘痛患者39例,按中医分型标准分为脾胃湿热组26例,脾胃虚弱组13例,采用放射免疫法检测患者血清胃泌素(GAS)、胃动素(MTL)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)、生长因子(SS)的含量。结果:脾胃湿热组患者血浆GAS、MTL、SS含量比健康对照组明显增高,VIP含量与健康对照组比较无显著性,但GAS、MTL、SS含量明显高于脾胃虚弱组,VIP含量低于脾胃虚弱组。脾胃虚弱组患者血浆中VIP含量明显高于健康对照组,GAS、SS、MTL含量低于健康对照组、脾胃湿热组。结论:不同中医证型胃脘痛患者血清胃肠激素有一定的变化。其中VIP、SS、MTL和GAS的变化有证型特异性。     

辅助生殖技术中低氧浓度胚胎培养的meta分析

目的:用meta分析方法探讨低氧浓度胚胎培养对体外受精/卵胞浆内单精子注射临床结局的影响。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Ebase、Cochrane Database、中国知网(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献服务系统(CBM)、万方数据库,收集国内外有关低氧浓度胚胎培养的随机对照试验(RCTs)。对纳入的研究进行质量评价,采用RevMan5.1软件对种植率、妊娠率等进行meta分析。结果:排除不符合纳入标准、失访人数不明确、重复发表、文献质量过低的研究后,共纳入10项RCTs,累计调查对象5520例,其中低氧组2645例,常氧组2875例。meta分析显示:与常氧培养相比,低氧培养可提高着床率(OR=1.16,95%CI:1.05～1.29,P=0.01)、继续妊娠率(OR=1.32,95%CI:1.12～1.55,P<0.001)及临床妊娠率(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.07～1.53,P=0.008),且不增加多胎妊娠率(OR=1.19,95%CI:0.67～2.14,P=0.32)及流产率(OR=0.98,95%CI:0.63～1.53,P=0.93)。结论:低氧浓度胚胎培养可以一定程度地提高种植率及妊娠率,且不增加多胎及流产的风险,但更确切的效果仍需更多观察指标的大规模长期随机对照研究加以确认。     

去大骨瓣减压术加颞肌贴敷治疗大面积脑梗死21例疗效观察

目的观察去大骨瓣减压术加颞肌贴敷治疗大面积脑梗死的临床疗效。方法选取大面积脑梗死的患者21例。给予内科保守治疗无效后,采用去大骨瓣减压术加颞肌贴敷进行治疗并观察其治疗效果。结果 6例患者的梗死灶消失,9例患者的梗死范围明显缩小,6例患者CT扫描见到模糊效应;17例意识障碍的患者,有12例术后意识恢复清醒;15例肢体运动障碍的患者,有10例术后肌力完全恢复;1例患者于术后第三天死亡。余20例患者均获得随访,有71.42%的患者生活能够完全自理或者部分自理。结论去大骨瓣减压术加颞肌贴敷能够明显降低大面积脑梗死患者的死亡率,提高其生活质量,改善其预后,是治疗大面积脑梗死的有效方法。     

卡马西平与托吡酯在针对部分性癫痫患者的有效性及安全性分析

目的 分析卡马西平与托吡酯在针对部分性癫痫患者的有效性及安全性.方法 搜集2009年2月至2013年3月于我院住院治疗的部分性癫痫患者72例,随机将患者分为联合治疗组(36例)和卡马西平组(36例),观察分析联合治疗组和卡马西平组用药后3个月、6个月部分性癫痫发作率、发作频率,用药后6个月的临床疗效,用药后6个月脑电图随访及不良反应.结果 联合治疗组治疗后3个月发作率为33.33％,发作频率为(2.57±2.09)次;联合治疗组治疗后6个月发作率为22.22％,发作频率为(2.21±1.73)次.卡马西平组治疗后3个月发作率为47.22％,发作频率为(3.69±2.73)次;卡马西平组治疗后6个月发作率为33.33％,发作频率为(3.52±2.27)次.联合治疗组治疗后3个月及6个月的部分性癫痫发作率及发作频率均显著低于卡马西平组(P＜0.05).联合治疗组用药6个月后治疗有效率为86.11％;卡马西平组治疗6个月后治疗有效率为72.22％,联合治疗组用药6个月后治疗有效率显著高于卡马西平组(P＜0.05).联合治疗组痫样放电改善率为80.00％,卡马西平组痫样放电改善率为69.56％,联合治疗组痫样放电改善率高于卡马西平组(P＜0.05).联合治疗组不良反应发生率为16.67％,卡马西平组不良反应发生率为13.89％,两组患者不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 卡马西平联合应用托吡酯能够有效地治疗部分性癫痫,且安全性较高.