不同镇痛方式对全膝关节置换术后镇痛效果及炎性反应的影响

目的探讨神经刺激仪引导下连续股神经阻滞(continuous femoral nerve block,CFNB)镇痛或静脉镇痛对全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)后患者镇痛效果及炎性反应的影响。方法择期行单侧全膝关节置换术患者60例,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,年龄51~71岁,体重50~77kg,随机均分两组:PCIA组和患者自控股神经镇痛组(PCNA组)。PCIA组:术后持续输注芬太尼镇痛;PCNA组:在神经刺激仪引导下行股神经置管,术后连续股神经阻滞镇痛。分别于术前、术毕、术后6、12、24和48h时采集股静脉血,检测IL-6及IL-10浓度。观察并记录术后2、12、24、36、48h静止时和术后24、48、72h运动时VAS评分。记录尿潴留、低氧血症(SpO290%)、恶心、呕吐、嗜睡不良反应发生情况及追加哌替啶例数。结果与术前比较,术后各时点PCIA组IL-6、IL-10浓度明显升高(P0.05),PCNA组术后6、12hIL-6和术后6、12、24hIL-10浓度明显升高(P0.05)。与PCNA组比较,术后各时点PCIA组IL-6浓度明显升高(P0.05),而术后6h时PCIA组IL-10浓度明显降低(P0.05)。与PCNA组比较,PCIA组术后2、12、24、36、48h静止时VAS评分和术后24、48、72h运动时VAS明显升高(P0.05)。与PCNA组比较,PCIA组术后恶心、嗜睡、追加哌替啶例数明显增加(P0.05)。两组无一例患者发生低氧血症。结论神经刺激仪引导下连续股神经阻滞镇痛效果良好,不良反应少,可以减轻TKA术后患者机体炎性反应。     

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