龙岩市1995～2000年涂阳肺结核病人随访研究

目的：分析福建省龙岩市结核病控制五年效果。为结核病控制可持续发展提供技术政策依据。方法：收集并分析1995年-2000年福建省龙岩市肺结核月报表和年报表及有关资料，采用队列分析方法对登记治疗管理的初，复治涂阳肺结核病人进行分析。结果：1995年-2000年涂阳肺结核病人发现率从4.9/10万上升到22.7/10万；初治涂阳治愈率从63.4%上升到95.8%；复治涂阳病人治愈率从50%上升到85.6%。结论：涂阳肺结核病人的高发现率和高治愈率是因为1999年开始实施结核病归口管理和DOTS策略，应以持续发燕尾服。     

实施现代结核病控制策略对传染性肺结核患者发现与治疗效果的影响

目的：分析实施DOTS策略对传染性肺结核病例发现与治疗效果的影响。方法：通过对1995—2000年分批实施的卫生部加强与促进结核病控制项目、WHO西太区结核病控制项目及福建省结核病控制项目资料进行分析。结果涂阳病例新登记率由1995年的6．3／10万提高到2000年的19．0／10万，涂片阳性占活动性病例比例由21．5％提高到37．4％，新发涂阳病例治愈率由80．7％提高到89．2％，病例丢失率由7．3％下降到2．7％，治疗失败率由6．9％下降到1．4％。流动人口传染性肺结核病例治愈率仅59．7％。结论：实施DOTS策略，重视流动人口结核病治疗管理，提高涂阳病例发现率、治愈率，减少病例丢失和治疗失败，有效控制结核病。     

Are metformin,statin and aspirin use still associated with overall mortality among colorectal cancer patients with diabetes if adjusted for one another?

Background:

Metformin, statin and aspirin use seem associated with decreased mortality in cancer patients, though, without adjusting for one another. Independent associations of these drugs with overall mortality after colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis within glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs) users were assessed.

Methods:

Patients starting GLDs before CRC diagnosis (1998–2011) were selected from the Eindhoven Cancer Registry linked with the PHARMO Database Network. The Cox regression model, with time since CRC diagnosis, included time-dependent variables of cumulative exposure to metformin, statins and aspirin after cancer diagnosis and time-dependent ever-never terms for drug exposure.

Results:

A total of 1043 patients used GLDs before CRC diagnosis; 666 (64%) used metformin, 639 (61%) used statins and 490 (47%) used aspirin after CRC diagnosis. Multivariable analyses revealed that longer cumulative exposure to metformin was not associated with overall mortality (HR_{Cumulative exposure/6 months} 1.02; 95% CI 0.97–1.07), whereas the favourable effect of statins increased with cumulative exposure (HR_{Cumulative exposure/6 months} 0.93; 95% CI 0.89–0.98). No association between aspirin use and overall mortality was seen (HR_{Cumulative exposure/6 months} 0.98; 95% CI 0.93–1.03).

Conclusions:

No independent association between cumulative exposure to metformin, aspirin and overall mortality was found. Cumulative exposure to statins after CRC diagnosis was associated with lower overall mortality, supporting a drug effect of statins among GLDs users.     

A proposal for applying molecular markers as an aid to identifying potential cases of imported tuberculosis in immigrants

In recent years, the percentage of tuberculosis (TB) cases in immigrants in Spain has increased markedly. In this context, discrimination between cases with potentially imported TB and cases likely to have acquired it by recent transmission after arrival is a basic issue. In this study, we evaluated molecular markers to obtain information on the geographic origin of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains and to determine whether they could help to identify imported TB cases. We analyzed the pks15/1 gene, spoligotype, and MIRU locus 24 in 168 MTB isolates from immigrants of 32 nationalities and from a selection of autochthonous cases. In non-Asian immigrants we could not detect major differences with the autochthonous cases. For the Asian cases, we found some specific features for these markers. pks15/1 was intact in 69% of the Asian patients, but this gene had a 7-bp deletion in all non-Asian and Spanish (non-Beijing) cases. The spoligotype-defined lineages EAI and CAS, and the allele with two repetitions in MIRU locus 24 was found exclusively among Asian immigrants. The analysis of certain bacterial molecular markers could help to discriminate between potentially imported TB cases and those more probably acquired in the host country.     

中国结核病控制-日本援助项目安徽省实施性研究

目的　了解我省项目工作的现状及项目工作对我省结防工作的影响。方法　根据 2 0 0 2～ 2 0 0 3年《中国结核病控制工作季报表》和《结核病人登记调查表》 ,分析项目病人的发现、治疗等情况。结果　 2 0 0 3年项目地区肺结核、涂阳肺结核登记率分别为 5 3 .4/10万、2 0 .0 /10万 ,分别高于非项目地区 44 .7%、10 0 % ;2 0 0 2年项目地区涂阳肺结核病人治愈率 78.5 % ,明显高于非项目地区。结论　项目工作取得了显著成果 ,为我省其它地区实施项目工作提供了经验 ,为我省结核病控制工作的可持续发展打下了基础。     

Affinity purification and characterization of protease-susceptible antigen I of Streptococcus mutans.

An antigenic component (antigen I) of the cell surface of Streptococcus mutans has been purified from culture supernatants and shown to be immunologically identical to the protease-susceptible moiety of antigen I/II. Ion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography failed to yield a physicochemically homogeneous product. Immunoasbsorbent chromatography on single and tandem columns containing immobilized antibodies to antigens I/II and II yielded identical products which were homogeneous in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and which when injected into rabbits induced monospecific antisera to antigen I. This antigen consisted of approximately 70% protein. Its molecular weight was estimated as 150,000, and the isoelectric point was estimated to be 5.1. Immunofluorescence microscopy using monospecific antiserum to antigen I showed that a similar antigen was present on cells of S. mutans serotypes a, c, d, e, f, and g, but not b.