The application of combined antibacterial preparation Unazin for the prophylaxis of purulent postop complications at the clinic of thoracic oncology

Antimicrobal preparation Unazin, combining sodium sulbactam and sodium ampicillin, characterized by broad antibacterial spectrum and potency to overcome the microorganisms stability, was applied in 15 patients in the early postoperative period after operations for pulmonary, esophageal, cardial cancers and mediastinal tumor. In these patients purulent-septic complications were not noted. According to the retrospective analysis data, of 846 patients, operated earlier, the complications have occurred in 131 (13.2%).     

Combined revascularizing method for treating central atherosclerotic chorioretinopathy

The authors present a new surgical method for treatment of central atherosclerotic chorioretinopathies, consisting of choroid revascularization followed by crossing of the surface temporal artery. Combined revascularizing method improved local ocular hemodynamics and the visual function in 64% patients with pseudotumorous condition and in 81% patients with the "dry" form, stabilizing the process for up to 12 months (period of observation). Morphological analysis showed that after choroid revascularization, a full-value functioning vascular network forms at the interface between the vascular membrane and implanted tissues, and therefore crossing of the surface temporal artery should be performed no earlier than 3 months after choroid revascularization.     

Morphology of conjunctival progressive nevus

Structural features of 59 progressive nevuses of the conjunctiva were studied. The proliferation of the epithelium and melanocytes is partially compensated by spontaneous regression of the nevus structures. The growth of a nevus is structurally similar to tumor growth, but the nevuses lack the melanocyte dysplasia, the main sign of malignant degeneration. The immune reactions are involved in the tissue restructuring of the growing nevus. Permanent foci of photoelastosis reflect the significance of ultraviolet exposure as a factor of risk of the nevuses progress.     

A regenerative method for the surgical treatment of paronychia by applying a buried suture

The suggested regenerative method for surgical treatment of panaritium with placing a blind suture at the period of formation of lipoblasts (at day 3 after the operative intervention) permits to prevent development of purulent complications, accelerate the process of wound healing within a period approximating that in wound healing by primary intention with complete restoration of the hand and digit function.     

Thymus hyperplasia: classification, problems of patho- and morphogenesis, importance in human pathology]

Thymus hyperplasia may be congenital (thymomegaly) and acquired (acquired thymomegaly, "tumour-like" hyperplasia, lymphofollicular hyperplasia). Congenital thymomegaly is represented by variants with hypo- and hyperfunction of an adequately formed thymus and results from the congenital neuro-endocrine disturbances. Thymomegaly with a thymus hypofunction is a marker of the immunodeficiency. Acquired thymomegaly is also represented by two variants with hypo- and hyper-function of the thymus and is in fact a "phenocopy" of the congenital one. "Tumor-like" thymus hyperplasia is a rare form of its pathology with a thymic weight reaching 800 g thus resulting in a syndrome of the mediastinum organs compression. Lymphofollicular thymus hyperplasia can not be always considered to be a thymus pathology but it is characteristic of autoimmune and infectious-allergic diseases with lymphoid follicles localizing in the hyperplastic intralobular perivascular spaces. Thymus parenchyma changes depend on the main disease and play a main role in the development of thymus dysfunction, for example, in the autoimmune diseases. Formation of lymphoid follicles in the dilated perivascular spaces is a non-specific process.     

Autoimmunization: new facts, controversial questions and study prospects

At present autoimmunization is viewed as a complex of immune responses to unchanged autoantigens, bearing in mind that autoimmune processes can be "physiologic" ("sanitary" and "regulatory") and pathologic, underlying autoimmune diseases and illnesses associated with secondary autoimmune disorders. The "physiologic" autoimmune processes may be an element of the regulatory mechanisms of homeostasis. The pathologic autoimmune processes develop on the basis of the physiologic ones in the presence of immune disorders in the form of varying defects of the suppressor mechanisms of the immune system. Among the mechanisms of autoimmunization, predisposing, initiating and contributory factors may be distinguished. Of paramount importance is thymic dysfunction whose character has not been completely disclosed. The alterations in the lymphoid organs and tissues (target organs) hypersensitivity reactions (with the exception of reagin ones) form the morphological substrate of autoimmune diseases. Distribution of autoimmune diseases into organ-specific and non-organ-specific can be accepted as the working classification.