颈外静脉穿刺置管在大量输液中的应用

目的探讨静脉药物配置室内不同操作距离对空气微粒污染的影响程度。方法在配置室内模拟配液加药，分别在距离操作者不同位置，用空气粒子计数器对空气微粒数进行检测，以了解空气微粒的污染情况。结果操作距离不同位置5个点的空气微粒污染程度比较，差异有显著性意义（均P〈0.01）。配置室内操作时空气微粒污染程度与操作距离有关，近操作者较远离操作者污染明显；此外，空气微粒污染程度还与洁净室的空间位置有关，回风口微粒污染明显，而送风口污染最轻。结论在万级洁净室内进行配液操作时，操作者周围空气中微粒污染仍严重，必须使用层流台或生物安全柜，以保证配液的质量和增强职业防护。     

少突胶质与早产儿脑室周围白质软化

脑室周围白质软化是早产儿最主要的脑损伤类型,少突胶质前体细胞(OPC)是病变的关键靶细胞,OPC对缺血缺氧和炎症反应引起的损害高度敏感.了解OPC的易损机制可为防治脑窒周周白质软化提供新的思路.     

腹腔镜下切口疝补片修补术后膀胱瘘一例报道

病例:男,73岁,因发现原膀胱造瘘口处可复性肿块3年而入院.7年前因前列腺癌于外院行双侧睾丸切除加膀胱造瘘术.3年前无明显诱因下出现造瘘口外侧无痛性肿物,站立时出现,平卧后可自行回纳,肿块渐增大,无明显腹痛、腹胀等不适症状.半年前入院行前列腺电切术加造瘘口回纳术.     

Neural classifier construction using regularization, pruning and test error estimation

In this paper we propose a method for construction of feed-forward neural classifiers based on regularization and adaptive architectures. Using a penalized maximum likelihood scheme, we derive a modified form of the entropic error measure and an algebraic estimate of the test error. In conjunction with optimal brain damage pruning, a test error estimate is used to select the network architecture. The scheme is evaluated on four classification problems.     

肌电引导治疗仪的设计

介绍一种操作简单、成本较低、便于医生确定靶肌肉的肌电引导治疗仪.该仪器经过临床初步试验,效果良好.     

Radiological evaluation on allograft reconstruction of the acetabulum combined with supporting device in revision total hip replacement.

We reviewed the radiographs of 25 hips of 20 patients who had received revisions of the acetabular components of total hip replacement supplemented by allograft for bone defects. Bone defects in 20 hips (80%) were classified into type D (cranio-central defect) according to Itoman's classification. In eight, sockets were installed directly on the allografts (group A). A metallic supporting device was used for reinforcing the grafts in 17 hips (group B). The position of the acetabular socket was measured on a radiograph, taken immediately after revision surgery and again at the latest follow-up. Using a MEM template, cranial and central migrations were determined. Mean cranial migration in hips of group A was 3.6 mm. Group B was 0.2 mm. Maintenance of thickness of the allografts was 60.6% in the cranial region and 75% in the central in group A. In the hips of group B, however, almost 100% of the initial thickness was maintained cranially and centrally. Allograft reconstruction of acetabular bone defect in revision total hip replacement is a beneficial procedure. The remaining pelvic bone is usually in poor condition, therefore, it is necessary to ensure primary fixation by the metallic supporting device.     

国产Fogarty气囊导管对犬腹主动脉壁损伤的超微结构观察

为探讨国产Fogany导管的气囊直径大小及导管通过血管腔次数多少与动脉管壁急性损伤的关系,本文以14条犬为对象,研究了当Fogany导管气囊直径分别等于血管直径的1、1.5及2倍、导管通过血管腔1、2及3次时,该导管对犬腹主动脉壁所致的超微结构损伤改变。结果显示:气囊直径愈大,导管通过血管腔次数愈多,气囊对动脉内膜及肌层的损伤愈重;从轻微的内皮细胞损伤至内皮及内皮下组织的全部剥脱,以及中膜层平滑肌细胞受损,但大多数损伤局限于内膜层。本研究为此种国产Fogany气囊导管应用于临床提供了实验依据。     

疾病预防控制机构推行全面质量管理初探

随着国家对疾病预防控制体系建设投入力度的不断加大 ,各级预防控制机构 (centerfordiseasecontrolandprevention ,简称CDC)的硬件设施有了很大改观。如何加强CDC质量管理 ,成为公共卫生工作的首要问题。只有建立全面质量管理体系 ,推行全面质量管理 ,才能适应这一形势发展的要求。1　全面质量管理的概念1 1　定义　　全面质量管理 (totalqualitymanagement,简称TQM)的定义为一个组织以质量为中心 ,以全员参与为基础 ,目的在于通过让客户满意和本组织所有成员及社会受益而达到长期成功的管理途径[1] 。全国卫生防疫站管理规范质量管理章…     

Internal and external information processing by lateral hypothalamic glucose-sensitive and insensitive neurons during bar press feeding in the monkey

Single neuron activities in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) were recorded during bar press feeding task in the monkey. First registered neurons were sorted into 2 groups, glucose-sensitive (GS) and glucose-insensitive (GIS) neurons, depending on their glucose sensitivity. Then firing variations to feeding, electrophoretically applied catecholamines and opiate, and to odor and taste stimuli were investigated. GS neurons responded to dopamine, noradrenaline and morphine more often than GIS neurons. In feeding task GS neurons responded during bar press (BP) and reward (RW) periods with long-lasting inhibition of firing and at cue tone (CT) with transient inhibition, while GIS neurons responded during BP and RW periods mainly with excitation and at cue light (CL) with excitation. A majority of GS neurons responded to both odor and taste stimuli more often than GIS neurons. Data suggest that these two kinds of neurons in the LHA may be involved in different functional aspects of feeding: GS neurons, mainly in internal information processing and reward mechanism, and GIS neurons, in external information processing and motor aspects.     

小儿手烧伤瘢痕畸形的整形外科治疗

Background: Cicatricial deformation in child burn of hand often leads to severe squaelae. According to different causes of disease , different plastic surgery were adopted .The key of operation lies in skin repairing , articulation dealing, and thumb correcting, which aim is to resume normal longitudinal and transverse arcs ,holding and clenching ability.