肾移植术后发生高尿酸血症的机制

目的：探讨肾移植术后发生高尿酸血症的机制及防治策略。方法：分析480例肾移植术后患者的临床资料。结果：肾移植术后移植肾功能正常而血尿酸增高者43例(9％)，其中痛风7例，移植肾肾盂或输尿管结石3例。随访1～5年，1例痛风患者血尿酸及症状控制不理想，余血尿酸均控制在正常水平，未见并发症的发生。结论：高尿酸血症是肾移植术后较常见的问题，发生原因较多，但主要与环孢素A的作用有关；长期降尿酸及碱化尿液治疗安全、有效。     

Synthesis and Purine P2X Receptor Antagonist Activity of Thiazole Derivatives

The ability of 12 new thiazole derivatives to influence the muscle contractility mediated by purine P2X receptors has been studied in vitro using isolated tissues of rats and guinea pigs. Most of the synthesized compounds did not cause significant effects, but two compounds exhibited pronounced antagonism with respect to P2X-mediated contractility response. These compounds offer a good starting point for the synthesis of new effective antagonists of P2 receptors. __________ Translated from Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 39, No. 6, pp. 22 – 25, June, 2005.     

Effect of kanamycin on the cochleas in guinea pigs

Kanamycin (400 mg/kg) was injected daily for 5 days in guinea pigs, the changes in CM and AP responses were recorded. The CM threshold was elevated in 34.5% of the animals and the CM amplitude was reduced when compared with normal animals (P less than 0.005). The AP threshold was elevated in 13.8%. The latency of N1 was increased (P less than 0.001) and the amplitude of N1 reduced at 80 dB (S-L) (P less than 0.001).cAMP and cGMP levels in the organ of Corti and stria vascularis spiral ligament decreased, and the decrease correlated with the changes in auditory function. We consider the reduction of cyclic nucleotides in the cochlea may be important in kanamycin ototoxicity.     

动脉粥样硬化的分子核医学研究进展

动脉粥样硬化涉及到全身多处重要的动脉，是导致成人死亡的主要原因之一。早期诊断动脉粥样硬化斑块尤其是不稳定斑块具有重要的临床意义。该疾病病理生理学的不断发展，显示出包括“金标准”X射线血管造影在内的常用显像方法的一些不足以及对更加完善的显像技术的需求。分子核医学技术利用核素标记参与动脉粥样硬化形成的中间物质或其表面的血栓进行显像，无创伤性地检测斑块的数量、进展程度、分布和组成，为早期发现动脉粥样硬化提供了可靠依据。     

综合医院护士锐器伤影响因素调查分析

总结24例人工肘关节置换治疗创伤性骨毁损患者的治疗及护理方法，提出做好术前准备和心理护理，术后严密观察病情、预防感染、做好功能锻炼指导，是促进患者肘关节功能恢复的重要措施。     

一则牛痘接种广告的解读

《申报》是我国早期的报纸,1872年由英国人美查在上海租界内创办。它在传播西方文明,反映上海市井文化中曾起过重要的作用。1873年,《申报》连续41期登载了一则牛痘接种广告。