一种基于病毒三维重建进行分子模拟研究的基本思路

本文提出基于病毒的电镜三维重建图像展开分子模拟研究。在已经重建好的三维病毒结构密度图中,结合已知的分子序列的相应结构,预测病毒的结构和行为,尤其是病毒活性中心的结构分析,可为疾病的防治和药物的开发奠定基础。     

铅对大鼠海马一氧化氮合酶活力及表达的影响

目的 通过研究铅对大鼠海马一氧化氮合酶（ＮＯＳ）活力及表达的影响。分析海马不同亚区ＮＯＳ活力变化与铅对海马长时程增强（ＬＴＰ）影响的关系。方法 Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠采用饮水加２０、２００、２０００μｇ／ｍｌ醋酸铅（ＰｂＡｃ）方法染毒３个月后,用Ｙ－迷宫法测试大鼠神经行为的改变;用原子吸收法测定血液与海马中铅的含量;用ＮＡＤＰＨ－黄递酶（ＮＡＤＰＨ－ｄ）组化法和免疫组化法检测海马ＮＯＳ的活力及表达情况。     

郑州市区犬旋毛虫感染情况调查

目的 了解郑州市区犬旋毛虫的感染情况.方法 从郑州市区采集屠宰犬的膈肌样本403份,分别应用压片镜检法和人工消化法对肉样进行检查.结果 压片镜检法和人工消化法对403份犬膈肌样本检测,均未检出旋毛虫幼虫.结论 郑州市区未发现犬的旋毛虫自然感染.     

不同剂量四氧嘧啶对制备糖尿病小鼠模型的影响

目的探讨用2种不同剂量四氧嘧啶制备糖尿病小鼠模型的效果。方法选用SPF级雄性昆明种小鼠129只,体重18～26 g,分为2个剂量组。腹腔注射四氧嘧啶,剂量为分别为180、160 mg/kg,比较其成模率和死亡率。取2个剂量糖尿病小鼠、160 mg/kg剂量造模不成功小鼠及正常小鼠各10只,观察注射后7 d内的体重、血糖变化及160 mg/kg剂量模型小鼠饲养至28 d的血糖值。结果 180 mg/kg剂量四氧嘧啶的成模率和死亡率均高于160 mg/kg剂量,但两者比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。前者造模血糖升高较快,然后缓慢下降,体重减轻;后者造模血糖平稳上升,维持时间长,对机体损害小。结论 160 mg/kg剂量四氧嘧啶注射后血糖波动小,造模效果比180 mg/kg剂量好。     

The impact of geographic unit of analysis on socioeconomic inequalities in cancer survival and distant summary stage – a population‐based study

Objective: When using area‐level disadvantage measures, size of geographic unit can have major effects on recorded socioeconomic cancer disparities. This study examined the extent of changes in recorded socioeconomic inequalities in cancer survival and distant stage when the measure of socioeconomic disadvantage was based on smaller Census Collection Districts (CDs) instead of Statistical Local Areas (SLAs). Methods: Population‐based New South Wales Cancer Registry data were used to identify cases diagnosed with primary invasive cancer in 2000–2008 (n=264,236). Logistic regression and competing risk regression modelling were performed to examine socioeconomic differences in odds of distant stage and hazard of cancer death for all sites combined and separately for breast, prostate, colorectal and lung cancers. Results: For all sites collectively, associations between socioeconomic disadvantage and cancer survival and distant stage were stronger when the CD‐based socioeconomic disadvantage measure was used compared with the SLA‐based measure. The CD‐based measure showed a more consistent socioeconomic gradient with a linear upward trend of risk of cancer death/distant stage with increasing socioeconomic disadvantage. Site‐specific analyses provided similar findings for the risk of death but less consistent results for the likelihood of distant stage. Conclusions: The use of socioeconomic disadvantage measure based on the smallest available spatial unit should be encouraged in the future. Implications for public health: Disadvantage measures based on small spatial units can more accurately identify socioeconomic cancer disparities to inform priority settings in service planning.     

美沙酮维持治疗者服药剂量不足及吗啡尿检阳性与脱失的关系

目的 了解美沙酮维持治疗（MMT）门诊治疗患者的脱失情况,探讨美沙酮剂量<100 mg/d和吗啡尿检阳性与脱失的关系及交互作用。方法 2014年9-11月对广西壮族自治区3个MMT门诊1 031例患者开展问卷调查,收集一般人口学特征、HIV感染、既往吸毒及吗啡尿检等信息。通过单因素和多因素logistic回归分析脱失的相关因素,通过交互作用分析探讨美沙酮剂量<100 mg/d与吗啡尿检阳性与脱失的关系。结果 1 031例MMT患者的脱失率为40.6%（419/1 031）,尿检阳性者和美沙酮剂量<100 mg/d者的脱失率分别是57.6%（99/172）和37.4%（347/929）,高于尿检阴性者（42.3%,363/859）和美沙酮剂量≥100 mg/d者的脱失率（26.5%,27/102）。控制混杂因素后,美沙酮剂量<100 mg/d者比剂量≥100 mg/d者更易于发生脱失（OR=3.05,95%CI：1.84~5.06）,尿检阳性者比阴性者更易于发生脱失（OR=2.25,95%CI：1.59~3.19）。美沙酮剂量<100 mg/d和吗啡尿检阳性存在相加（RERI=256.46,AP=0.87,S=8.05）和相乘（OR=2.45,95%CI：1.71~3.49）交互作用且方向一致。结论 MMT中,美沙酮剂量<100 mg/d及吗啡尿检阳性与脱失呈明显相关。     

“新医改”背景下军队医院补偿现状探析

军队医院在新医改破除“以药养医”后，在费用补偿方面将面临较多问题。针对公立医院改革试行的相关政策对军队医院造成的影响进行分析，并通过实地访谈归纳，提出军队医院费用补偿建议。     

Unraveling the Phase Stability and Physical Property of Modulated Martensite in Ni2Mn1.5In0.5 Alloys by First-Principles Calculations

Large magnetic field-induced strains can be achieved in modulated martensite for Ni-Mn-In alloys; however, the metastability of the modulated martensite imposes serious constraints on the ability of these alloys to serve as promising sensor and actuator materials. The phase stability, magnetic properties, and electronic structure of the modulated martensite in the Ni₂Mn_1.5In_0.5 alloy are systematically investigated. Results show that the 6M and 5M martensites are metastable and will eventually transform to the NM martensite with the lowest total energy in the Ni₂Mn_1.5In_0.5 alloy. The physical properties of the incommensurate 7M modulated martensite (7M–IC) and nanotwinned 7M martensite (7M−(52¯)2) are also calculated. The austenite (A) and 7M−(52¯)2 phases are ferromagnetic (FM), whereas the 5M, 6M, and NM martensites are ferrimagnetic (FIM), and the FM coexists with the FIM state in the 7M–IC martensite. The calculated electronic structure demonstrates that the splitting of Jahn–Teller effect and the strong Ni–Mn bonding interaction lead to the enhancement of structural stability.     

2012年江苏省戊型肝炎病例实验室诊断符合率调查分析

目的调查分析2012年江苏省戊肝病例实验室诊断符合情况。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,从江苏省南、中、北部各抽2~3地市,再从中抽取省、市、县级医疗机构,之后对报告的戊肝实验室诊断病例进行复核,分析实验室诊断符合情况。结果本次共调查23家县级及以上医疗机构,收回有效调查病例490例,实验室诊断符合率为91.84%。省、市、县三级医疗机构戊肝实验室诊断符合率依次为85.07%、93.45%、92.27%;江苏省南、中、北地区戊肝诊断符合率分别为89.34%、94.19%、91.55%。临床医生戊肝实验室诊断标准知晓率为50.38%,戊肝的诊断与报告类型知晓率为33.75%,县级医疗机构知晓率最高。结论江苏省戊肝实验室诊断符合率相对较高,但临床医生戊肝相关知识知晓率亟待提高。需进一步加强培训与沟通,完善戊肝监测网络,推广切实可行的戊肝诊断标准。     

顶空气相色谱法分析生活饮用水中挥发性卤代烃类有机物的方法探讨与应用

目的:探讨生活饮用水中7种挥发性卤代烃的测定方法。方法:采用顶空气相色谱法测定生活饮用水中三氯甲烷、四氯化碳、二氯一溴甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯及溴仿。结果:在所建立的实验条件下,7种挥发性卤代烃的平均回收率在91.6%~104.7%之间,相对标准差为1.2%~7.3%,检测限为0.20~5.0μg/L。结论:所建立的分析方法简便、快捷、准确、可同时测定多种挥发性卤代烃。