干眼患者使用表面麻醉剂后泪河形态的改变

目的：探讨干眼患者使用表面麻醉剂后泪河的变化。
　　方法：随机选取干眼患者50例。随机选取一眼滴用表面麻醉剂纳入试验组,另一眼用9g/L生理盐水点眼纳入对照组,点药15 min 后通过眼前节相干光学断层扫描仪( anterior segment optical coherence tomography,AS-OCT)记录并比较两组的泪河高度( tear meniscus height,TMH)、泪河深度( tear meniscus depth,TMD)以及泪河横截面面积( tear meniscus area,TMA)。
　　结果：表面麻醉剂使用后TMH为0.173±0.040mm,TMD为0.166±0.019mm,TMA为0.049±0.013mm2,与点药前相比,差异均有统计学意义( tTMH=2.78,P<0.01;tTMD=2.31,P<0.01;tTMA=2.69,P<0.01),点药后两组相比,差异均有统计学意义(tTMH=5.87,P<0.01;tTMD=2.04,P<0.05;tTMA=4.63,P<0.01)。
　　结论：表面麻醉剂减少干眼患者泪液分泌量,临床工作中应加强预防和干预。     

Detection of abnormal visual cortex in children with amblyopia by voxel-based morphometry

PURPOSE: To detect the abnormalities of gray matter in children with amblyopia by voxel-based morphometry (VBM). DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized clinical trial. METHODS: Thirteen children with amblyopia and 14 normally sighted children underwent magnetic resonance (MR) examination. The two groups were age-matched with a mean age of 5.8 years. In the amblyopia group, five children had strabismus amblyopia, and eight had anisometropic amblyopia. We analyzed the original 3-dimensional T1 brain images using the VBM module within the widely used analysis software package SPM2 (Welcome Department of Cognitive Neurology, London, United Kingdom). After normalization, segmentation, and smoothing of the images, comparison between amblyopic and control groups was derived for the gray matter of the entire brain using parametric statistics. RESULTS: The results of VBM analysis indicated that the amblyopic group had decreased gray matter density in the middle frontal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus of the left hemisphere, and the bilateral calcarine cortices. The radii of these regions ranged from 12 to 36 voxels. These abnormalities were consistent with morphologic changes in brain regions related to visual function. CONCLUSIONS: Using MR and VBM analysis, we detected morphologic changes in the visual cortex of children with amblyopia, which may indicate developmental abnormalities of visual cortex during the critical growth period.     

原因不明习惯性流产患者自身抗体的研究

目的 通过对原因不明习惯性流产（ＨＡ）患者进行多项自身抗体的筛查,研究了ＨＡ与自身抗体的关系。方法 ６９例原因不明ＨＡ患者为研究组,其中原发性ＨＡ５１例（原发性ＨＡ）继发性ＨＡ１８例（继发性ＨＡ组）３０例健康育龄妇女为对照组,对３组患者采用酶联免疫吸会法检测血清抗心磷脂抗体,抗单链及双链ＤＮＡ抗体,采用Ｈｅｐ－２细胞间接荧光法筛查抗核抗体,采用间接荣光法检测抗平滑肌,抗心肌及抗线粒体抗体,对７种可     

早发型重度先兆子痫的临床界定及保守治疗探讨

目的　探讨早发型重度先兆子痫的临床界定及保守治疗的临床意义。方法　回顾分析1988年9月至2004年4月,北京大学第三医院收治的255例无严重并发症及合并症的重度先兆子痫患者的临床资料,按重度先兆子痫发病孕周分为4组:A组<28周, 24例; B组28~31周, 50例;C组32~33周, 34例;D组≥34周, 147例。主要分析指标包括:发病孕周、终止妊娠孕周、孕周延长时间、严重并发症发生情况、胎儿及新生儿死亡率和小于孕龄儿发生率。结果　(1)A组保守治疗时间平均为(9 ±8)d,B组为(11±8)d,C组为(8±6)d,D组为(5±4)d,D组保守治疗时间与前3组比较, 差异有统计学意义(P<0 .01 )。而A、B、C各组间的保守治疗时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05)。A、B、C各组孕妇并发症发生率比较,差异也无统计学意义(P>0 .05 ),但与D组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0 .01);A、B组胎儿及新生儿死亡率、胎死宫内发生率与C、D组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0 .01),而C、D两组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0 .05)。(2)多因素logistic回归分析显示,重度先兆子痫发病孕周,是影响孕妇并发症发生率的重要因素,而与保守治疗时间无相关性。终止妊娠孕周是影响胎儿及新生儿死亡率的主要因素,其次为发病孕周。(3)以32孕周为界值进行多因素分析显示,终止妊娠孕周     

CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 genetic polymorphisms and uterine leiomyoma risk in Chinese women

Purpose  The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 polymorphisms with uterine leiomyoma in Chinese women. Methods  We investigated 100 women with clinically diagnosed uterine leiomyoma and 110 healthy normal subjects from Chinese women. The genetic distribution of two CYP1A1 polymorphisms at MspI, Ile462Val and four CYP1B1 polymorphisms at Arg48Gly, Ala119Ser, Leu432Val, Asp449Asp were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism and DNA sequencing method. Results  All the SNPs showed polymorphisms in Chinese women. The genotype A/G and the allele G on Ile462Val was significantly different between uterine leiomyoma patients and controls (P < 0.05). Conclusion  These results suggest that the genotype of CYP1A1 Ile462Val was associated with the increased risk of uterine leiomyomas in Chinese women. Capsule This is the first report that demonstrates the polymorphism at Ile462Val of CYP1A1 to be associated with uterine leiomyoma in Chinese women.     

滋养细胞粘附分子的表达及其与妊高征的关系

分子生物学和免疫学的研究表明,细胞粘附分子（ｃｅｌａｄｈｅｓｉｏｎｍｏｌｅｃｕｌｅ,ＣＡＭ）不仅介导细胞与细胞间和细胞与细胞外基质（ｅｘｔｒａｃｅｌｕｌａｒｍａｔｒｉｘ,ＥＣＭ）间的粘附;而且,广泛参与细胞的信号传导、生长分化、维持组织的正常形态等生...     

尿钙及尿微量白蛋白检测在妊高征早期诊断中的临床意义

目的　评价尿钙及尿微量白蛋白检测在妊高征早期诊断中的临床意义。方法　收集９８ 例孕２４～３２ 周健康孕妇的２４ 小时尿样,采用自动生化仪测定尿钙排泄量,放射免疫法测定尿微量白蛋白的排泄量,按最终是否发生妊高征分成妊高征组（１４ 例） 和正常妊娠组（８４ 例） 。结果　妊高征组尿钙排泄量为（１－４３±０－３７） ｍｍｏｌ／２４ｈ ,正常妊娠组为（３－２６±０－７５） ｍｍｏｌ／２４ｈ,妊高征组尿钙排泄量显著低于正常妊娠组（ Ｐ＜ ０－００５） 。妊高征组尿微量白蛋白排泄量为（１２－６８ ±６－８１） μｇ／２４ｈ ,正常妊娠组为（６－０８±３－４８） μｇ／２４ｈ,妊高征组尿微量白蛋白排泄量显著高于正常妊娠组（ Ｐ＜ ０－０５）。结论　在妊高征临床症状出现４～８ 周之前,即出现尿钙排泄量减少及尿微量白蛋白排泄量增多。这一特征可作为妊高征早期诊断的指标。     

IFPA Meeting 2012 Workshop Report III: Trophoblast deportation,gestational trophoblastic disease,placental insufficiency and fetal growth restriction,trophoblast over-invasion and accreta-related pathologies,placental thrombosis and fibrinolysis

Workshops are an important part of the IFPA annual meeting as they allow for discussion of specialized topics. At IFPA meeting 2012 there were twelve themed workshops, five of which are summarized in this report. These workshops related to various aspects of placental biology but collectively covered areas of clinical research and pregnancy disorders: 1) trophoblast deportation; 2) gestational trophoblastic disease; 3) placental insufficiency and fetal growth restriction; 4) trophoblast overinvasion and accreta-related pathologies; 5) placental thrombosis and fibrinolysis.     

应用OCT及OCTA观察孔源性视网膜脱离巩膜扣带术后的眼底变化

目的：应用OCT及OCTA观察孔源性视网膜脱离(RRD)行巩膜扣带术(SB)术后的黄斑形态结构、黄斑及视盘血管密度及视网膜神经纤维层厚度变化。

方法：横断面病例对照研究。将2014-07/2021-03在赣州市人民医院眼科诊断为RRD的患者25例25眼纳入本研究。对比术后末次随访患眼和健眼黄斑浅层血管(SVC)的血管密度(VD)、黄斑深层血管(DVC)的VD、视盘SVC-VD、视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)、黄斑中心凹厚度(CMT)、中心凹下脉络膜厚度(SFCT)、黄斑外层结构之间的差异,并分析影响末次随访患眼BCVA(LogMAR)的相关性指标。

结果：术后末次随访患眼与健眼黄斑SVC-VD、黄斑DVC-VD、视盘SVC-VD、RNFL、CMT、SFCT无差异(均P>0.05); 末次随访患眼与健眼OCT下黄斑外层结构对比显示外界膜(ELM)、肌样体区(MZ)、椭圆体带区(EZ)、光感受器外节(OS)的光带完整性无差异(均P>0.05),嵌合体区(IZ)光带完整性则有差异(P=0.014); 末次随访患眼与健眼BCVA有差异(P=0.002)。术后末次随访患眼BCVA与有无波及黄斑、视盘SVC-VD、黄斑外层结构ELM、MZ、EZ、OS、IZ光带完整性有显著相关性,其中与有无波及黄斑呈现正相关(r_s=0.401,P=0.047); 与视盘SVC-VD、黄斑外层结构ELM、MZ、EZ、OS、IZ光带完整性呈负相关(均P<0.05)。

结论：OCT及OCTA用于观察RRD行SB术后眼底改变可获得与视力预后相关的长期随访信息,其术后视力预后取决于视网膜外层结构的恢复情况而定,IZ结构的完整性对于视力恢复更为重要; 视盘SVC-VD与视力预后有相关性,视盘SVC-VD的改变与术后眼压是否相关还需要术后连续数据进一步观察验证。     

Cardiodepressant actions of the orally active male contraceptive, gossypol, in guinea-pig heart muscle

We have previously shown that gossypol has direct actions on isolated atrial muscle preparations. The possible mechanisms responsible for the transient positive and sustained negative inotropic effects of gossypol were examined under conditions that modify Ca2+ pools involved in contractile activation. In Langendorff preparations obtained from guinea-pig or rat heart, gossypol produced marked negative inotropic and arrhythmogenic effects but failed to produce a positive inotropic effect. Langendorff preparations were significantly more sensitive than atrial muscle preparations. In atrial muscle preparations, the negative inotropic effect of gossypol was not specific to utilization of superficial or intracellular Ca2+ pools; force-staircase phenomenon observed between 0.5 and 3 Hz, contractions elicited by slow action potentials in partially depolarized muscle, the inotropic effect of extracellular Ca2+ and potentiated post-rest contractions were all suppressed by gossypol to the similar extent. Low external Na+ concentrations abolished the positive inotropic effect of gossypol without affecting the negative inotropic effect. A low extracellular Ca2+ concentration enhanced the transient positive inotropic effect and delayed development of the negative inotropic effect. Simultaneous reduction of extracellular Na+ and Ca2+ concentrations abolished the positive inotropic effect and enhanced the negative inotropic effect. Gossypol inhibited ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake by sarcolemmal vesicles obtained from dog heart. These results indicate that the actions of gossypol on cardiac muscle is not specific to utilization of either the superficial or intracellular Ca2+ pools involved in contractile activation.