带状疱疹的发生与脊柱损伤的关系探讨

目的探讨带状疱疹（Hz）的发生与脊柱损伤之间的关系。方法首先明确脊柱损伤的四项标准：即脊柱损伤史，与Hz相对应的脊柱部位的疼痛和压痛，相应的X线或cT检查诊断。然后将16例确诊为脊柱损伤的Hz病例与同期的56例Hz依其就诊时间和地点自然形成的6个组别进行检验。结果显示了脊柱损伤是Hz发生的重要原因之一。结合现代脊柱病学观点，一元化的解释了Hz的发病机制、临床体征，特别是呈单侧性的带状分布现象的原因。结论Hz的发生是脊柱损伤和类水痘病毒感染二者共同作用的结果，前者为先决条件，后者是继发感染的病原因素。     

大剂量BEAC方案联合自体外周血干细胞移植治疗弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的临床分析

目的观察大剂量BEAC方案[卡莫司汀(BCNU)、依托泊甙(VP-16)、阿糖胞苷(Ara-C)、环磷酰胺(CTX)]联合自体干细胞移植(autologous stem cell transplantation,ASCT)治疗具有不良预后因素的弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,DLBCL)的疗效。方法选择2000年1月-2011年12月新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院收治按年龄调整的国际预后指数(Age-adjusted international prognostic index,aaIPI)评分为1～3分、行大剂量BEAC联合ASCT治疗的DLBCL患者35例,常规化疗疗效达完全缓解或部分缓解后行自体外周血干细胞动员,动员方案为VP-16联合粒细胞集落刺激因子(Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,G-CSF)。大剂量化疗(high-dose chemotherapy,HDC)方案采用BEAC(BCNU 450mg/m2,第1～2d静注;VP-16 800mg/m2,第1～3d分2次静注;Ara-C 1.5g/m2,第1d静注;CTX 3.6g/m2第1～2d静注)方案。采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析。结果 35例患者均移植成功,重建造血功能。移植前13例CR,22例PR,移植后23例CR,12例PR,无移植相关死亡,中位随访时间为39个月(7～135个月),随访期间6例因病情进展死亡,5年生存率为80%。结论采用大剂量BEAC方案联合ASCT治疗具有不良预后因素的DLBCL取得了较好疗效,值得进一步研究。     

T淋巴细胞、自然杀伤细胞和巨噬细胞在子宫内膜异位症在位内膜中的表达

目的通过观察子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EMs)患者在位内膜中免疫细胞CD45RO、CD3、CD4、CD8、CD56和CD68阳性细胞数量表达,探讨T淋巴细胞、自然杀伤细胞和巨噬细胞在子宫内膜异位症在位内膜中的表达变化以及意义;方法应用免疫组织化学染色方法,采用CD45RO、CD3、CD4、CD8、CD56、CD68单克隆抗体对45例EMs患者在位内膜中的阳性细胞进行标记,测定其在EM患者在位内膜中的表达数量。同期选取16例宫颈原位癌非EMs患者作为对照;结果 EMs组和对照组在位内膜中均有CD45RO、CD3、CD4、CD8、CD56和CD68阳性细胞表达,EMs组在位内膜中的CD45RO、CD8、CD68阳性细胞数量明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),CD3、CD4阳性细胞数量略高于对照组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),CD56阳性细胞数量较对照组无明显改变,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CD4+/CD8+比值较对照组降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者分泌期内膜中CD45RO、CD3、CD4、CD8、CD56、CD68阳性细胞数量较增殖期增加,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);结论 EMs患者在位内膜中免疫细胞的数量变化影响机体免疫功能的改变,在EMs的发生、发展中起着重要作用。     

Risk stratification for mortality in cardiovascular disease survivors: A survival conditional inference tree analysis

Background and aimsEfficient analysis strategies for complex network with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk stratification remain lacking. We sought to identify an optimized model to study CVD prognosis using survival conditional inference tree (SCTREE), a machine-learning method.Methods and resultsWe identified 5379 new onset CVD from 2006 (baseline) to May, 2017 in the Kailuan I study including 101,510 participants (the training dataset). The second cohort composing 1,287 CVD survivors was used to validate the algorithm (the Kailuan II study, n = 57,511). All variables (e.g., age, sex, family history of CVD, metabolic risk factors, renal function indexes, heart rate, atrial fibrillation, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein) were measured at baseline and biennially during the follow-up period. Up to December 2017, we documented 1,104 deaths after CVD in the Kailuan I study and 170 deaths in the Kailuan II study. Older age, hyperglycemia and proteinuria were identified by the SCTREE as main predictors of post-CVD mortality. CVD survivors in the high risk group (presence of 2–3 of these top risk factors), had higher mortality risk in the training dataset (hazard ratio (HR): 5.41; 95% confidence Interval (CI): 4.49–6.52) and in the validation dataset (HR: 6.04; 95%CI: 3.59–10.2), than those in the lowest risk group (presence of 0–1 of these factors).ConclusionOlder age, hyperglycemia and proteinuria were the main predictors of post-CVD mortality.Trial registrationChiCTR-TNRC-11001489.     

Mitochondrial DNA control region sequences may differentiate Yanbian Koreans in China from other Asian populations

Abstract

Background: Sequence polymorphisms of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are valuable in forensic medicine and anthropological genetics.

Aim: This study investigated the mtDNA control region sequences in 295 unrelated individuals living in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in the People’s Republic of China.

Subjects and methods: DNA was extracted from blood stained filter papers. Hypervariable regions of the mtDNA control region (HVI and HVII) were amplified and sequenced. The resulting sequences were aligned and compared with the revised Cambridge reference sequence (rCRS).

Results: A total of 182 variations were confirmed. Population comparison showed the significant difference between Yanbian Korean and other included populations.

Conclusion: These results provide useful data for human genetic studies and forensic examinations and demonstrate that the Yanbian Korean population is an endogamous Northeast Asian group.     

输尿管上段结石4种手术方式分析(附107例报告)

目的探讨输尿管上段结石4种术式的适应证,总结手术技巧。方法回顾性分析该院107例采用4种术式治疗的输尿管上段结石患者的临床资料,4种术式为输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石(URSL)、后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石(RIU)、经皮肾穿刺取石(PCNL)、开放手术。结果 URSL组成功碎石35例(77.8%),10例不成功,其中1例改为后腹腔镜取石,3例留置双J管行ESWL术,6例改为开放手术,RIU组取石成功取出率100%,但术后有3例漏尿;PCNL组有3例结石残留,结石清除率88%;开放手术组无结石残留及漏尿。结论 4种方法均有效治疗输尿管上段结石,临床治疗时可根据医疗条件或者患者的病情作出适当的选择。     

巨大肺大疱伴胃食管反流1例

肺大疱在临床工作中常见,但是巨大肺大疱伴胃食管反流症状的患者较少见.巨大肺大疱易被误诊为气胸,如果伴有胃食管反流症状,易误诊为胃食管反流性哮喘,本例患者经过正确诊断和手术治疗痊愈,对我们拓宽胃食管反流症状病因的思考非常重要.     

A pilot study of nocturnal temporalis muscle activity in TMD diagnostic groups of women

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) incidences are believed to be related to parafunctional behaviours like teeth clenching. This pilot study aimed to (i) develop an automated clench‐detection algorithm, and (ii) apply the algorithm to test for differences in nocturnal clenching in women with and without TMD. Subjects gave informed consent to participate. Adult women were categorised using Diagnostic Criteria for TMD according to presence/absence (+/?) of both TM joint disc placement (DD) and chronic pain (P) into two groups (+DD+P, ?DD?P) with 12 subjects each. Surface temporalis electromyography was recorded during oral tasks performed by subjects at two laboratory sessions. The data were used to characterise muscle activity per N of bite force (μV/N) for each subject, develop the clench‐detection algorithm and test its accuracy. Ambulatory surface temporalis electromyography was self‐recorded by each subject over three nights and analysed using the algorithm and bite force (N) versus muscle activity μV/N calibrations. Bonferroni‐adjusted homoscedastic t‐tests assessed for significant between‐group differences in clenching (P < 0·05). Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of algorithm‐detected laboratory clenches were all ≥96%. During self‐recordings 95% of clenches had durations of <4 s and peak forces of <10 N in both groups. Mean clench durations were significantly longer (P = 0·042) in +DD+P (1·9 ± 0·8 s) than ?DD?P subjects (1·4 ± 0·4 s). Mean temporalis duty factors (%clench time/total recording time) were significantly larger (P = 0·041) in +DD+P (0·47 ± 0·34%) than ?DD?P (0·26 ±0·22%) subjects. Nocturnal temporalis muscle activities detected by a validated algorithm were longer per clench and recording time in +DD+P compared to ?DD?P women.     

An ensemble with the chinese pentatonic scale using electroencephalogram from both hemispheres

To listen to brain activity as a piece of music,we previously proposed scale-free brainwave music（SFBM）technology,which translated the scalp electroencephalogram（EEG）into musical notes according to the power law of both the EEG and music.In this study,the methodology was further extended to ensemble music on two channels from the two hemispheres.EEG data from two channels symmetrically located on the left and right hemispheres were translated into MIDI sequences by SFBM,and the EEG parameters modulated the pitch,duration and volume of each note.Then,the two sequences were filtered into an ensemble with two voices：the pentatonic scale（traditional Chinese music）or the heptatonic scale（standard Western music）.We demonstrated differences in harmony between the two scales generated at different sleep stages,with the pentatonic scale being more harmonious.The harmony intervals of this brain ensemble at various sleep stages followed the power law.Compared with the heptatonic scale,it was easier to distinguish the different stages using the pentatonic scale.These results suggested that the hemispheric ensemble can represent brain activity by variations in pitch,tempo and harmony.The ensemble with the pentatonic scale sounds more consonant,and partially reflects the relations of the two hemispheres.This can be used to distinguish the different states of brain activity and provide a new perspective on EEG analysis.