医用化学有效教学策略初探

从教学准备策略、教学实施策略和教学评价策略等方面对医用化学有效教学策略进行初探。     

Quantitative MRI of articular cartilage and its clinical applications

Cartilage is one of the most essential tissues for healthy joint function and is compromised in degenerative and traumatic joint diseases. There have been tremendous advances during the past decade using quantitative MRI techniques as a noninvasive tool for evaluating cartilage, with a focus on assessing cartilage degeneration during osteoarthritis (OA). In this review, after a brief overview of cartilage composition and degeneration, we discuss techniques that grade and quantify morphologic changes as well as the techniques that quantify changes in the extracellular matrix. The basic principles, in vivo applications, advantages, and challenges for each technique are discussed. Recent studies using the OA Initiative (OAI) data are also summarized. Quantitative MRI provides noninvasive measures of cartilage degeneration at the earliest stages of joint degeneration, which is essential for efforts toward prevention and early intervention in OA. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:991–1008. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

边防、高原基层干部疗养员疗养期间的护理体会

<正>为了让长期驻守在边防一线、高原艰苦地区的基层干部在紧张的戍边、守防、值勤工作之后,身心能够得到及时、有效的放松和疗养,近年来,上级每年在夏季的6～     

老年急性脑梗死患者动脉粥样硬化程度与同型半胱氨酸的相关性研究

目的研究老年急性脑梗死患者血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)浓度变化与动脉粥样硬化(AS)程度、斑块稳定性关系。方法老年急性脑梗死患者共398例,经颈动脉彩超确诊颈动脉内膜厚度(IMT)增厚者217例,非IMT增厚者181例;217例IMT增厚患者根据颈动脉斑块状态分为管壁增厚组、硬斑块组、混合性斑块组和软斑块组。采用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清Hcy浓度,统计学分析IMT增厚组与非IMT增厚组、稳定斑块组与不稳定斑块组之间Hcy浓度的差别。结果 IMT增厚组较非IMT增厚组Hcy浓度增高;不稳定性斑块组较稳定性斑块组Hcy浓度增高。结论 Hcy浓度与AS程度、斑块稳定性密切相关。     

Investigation of Covalent Warheads in the Design of 2-Aminopyrimidine-based FGFR4 Inhibitors

Covalent kinase inhibitors are rapidly emerging as a class of therapeutics with clinical benefits. Herein we report a series of selective 2-aminopyrimidine-based fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) inhibitors exploring different types of cysteine-targeting warheads. The structure–activity relationship study revealed that the chemically tuned warheads α-fluoro acrylamide, vinylsulfonamide, and acetaldehyde amine were suitable as covalent warheads for the design of selective FGFR4 inhibitors. Compounds 6a, 6h, and 6i selectively suppressed FGFR4 enzymatic activity with IC₅₀ values of 53 ± 18, 45 ± 11, and 16 ± 4 nM, respectively, while sparing FGFR1/2/3. X-ray crystal structure and MALDI-TOF studies demonstrated that compound 6h bearing the α-fluoro acrylamide binds to FGFR4 with an irreversible binding mode, whereas compound 6i with an acetaldehyde amine binds to FGFR4 with a reversible covalent mode. 6h and 6i might provide some fundamental structural information for the rational design of new selective FGFR4 inhibitors.     

人参皂甙B对豚鼠离体心房的影响

人参皂甙B呈浓度依赖性地降低豚鼠离休心房的心肌收缩力和收缩频率,明显延长左心房的功能性不应期。人参皂甙B能竞争性拮抗豚鼠离体右心房Iso的正性肌力作用,对CaCL₂的正性肌力作用呈非竟争性拮抗。     

发挥综合性大学优势办出护理专业特色

按照现代护理学的要求，高级护理人才既要有较强的专业知识，又要有较丰富的人文社科知识。利用综合性大学多学科优势，从高职高专护理人才培养整体目标出发，探索护理专科层次培养模式和专业特色。具体方法是：（1）明确培养目标，建立合理的课程体系；（2）发挥综合性大学多学科优势，突出人才素质的综合性；（3）突出专业特色，培养高技能型实用人才；（4）注重学生知识-能力-素质三位一体的培养模式。     

塞克硝唑胶囊在健康人体内的生物等效性

目的研究塞克硝唑胶囊与片剂的药动学特征,并评价其生物等效性。方法随机交叉试验设计,20名健康志愿者单剂量口服塞克硝唑胶囊和塞克硝唑片剂1.5 g后,在规定时间取血,用HPLC法测定血药浓度,进行数据处理,计算2种制剂的主要药动学参数,进行人体生物利用度比较。结果受试制剂和参比制剂药动学参数分别为:tmax(2.00±0.00)、(2.15±0.37)h;ρmax(38.89±4.18)(、38.77±3.20)mg.L-1;ACU0→∞(1 320.25±287.29)(、1 292.40±234.39)mg.h.L-1;ACU0→96h(1 239.05±260.99)(、1 232.12±217.63)mg.h.L-1;t1/2(22.64±3.58)、(20.70±2.83)h;药动学参数差异无统计学意义。相对生物利用度(F)101.47%。结论塞克硝唑2种制剂在健康人体内具有生物等效性。     

围绝经期妇女动态心电图ST-T改变的临床诊断价值

目的为了明确妇女围绝经期与动态心电图ST—T改变的相关关系。方法选择年龄在45—55岁，并有胸闷、气短、心悸、心慌、烦躁等相应症状的围绝经期妇女122例，与同年龄段的男性122例，进行动态心电图ST—T动态改变的对比观察。结果动态心电图ST—T改变率与性别的关系显示，女性122例中ST—T改变者48例。为39．34％；而男性122例中ST—T改变者仪2例，为1．63％；ST—T改变率女性明显高于男性，两性间存在着显著差异（P〈0．01）。结论围绝经期妇女ST～T动态改变与内分泌失调、植物神经功能紊乱有关。多考虑为功能性ST—T改变，而冠心病可能性较小。诊断时应慎雨。     

麻痛消胶囊治疗糖尿病周围神经病变68例

目的:观察益气活血类中药配伍治疗型糖尿病周围神经病变的疗效。方法:治疗组68例服用麻痛消胶囊(制马钱子、元胡、川芎、黄芪等),对照组用维生素治疗34例。结果:治疗组临床疗效总有效率97%,与对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01);治疗组治疗后甲襞微循环状态较治疗前有明显改善(P<0.01)。提示:麻痛消胶囊对型糖尿病周围神经病变的患者,有扩张血管、改善微循环、纠正周围神经营养代谢障碍的作用。