儿童动脉缺血性卒中50例病例系列报告

背景：近年来儿童卒中的发病率显著增长,其中动脉缺血性卒中比例居多,儿童缺血性卒中的病因与成人不同,早期识别、及时对因治疗,能显著降低致残率。 目的：分析儿童动脉缺血性卒中的常见病因、临床特点、影像学特点、治疗及预后,为早期诊断提供依据。 设计：病例系列报告。 方法：对2017年4月至2019年7月在北京天坛医院儿科及神经内科、神经外科就诊的动脉缺血性卒中患儿临床资料进行回顾性分析。 主要结局指标：儿童动脉缺血性卒中的病因和临床表现。 结果：50例患儿纳入本文分析,男29例,女21例。发病年龄9个月至17岁,平均年龄（8.8±3.9）岁,7~10岁21例（42%）。病因包括烟雾病39例（78%）,感染5例（10%）,头部外伤3例（6%）,血管炎、心脏病和未找到明确病因各1例（2%）。卒中发作时47例（94%）表现为肢体瘫痪,感觉减退或麻木、语言障碍各9例（18%）,其他表现包括中枢性面瘫、意识障碍、癫等。神经影像学检查提示梗死灶位于多发脑叶19例（38%）、基底节区15例（30%）、单发脑叶10例（20%）,脑干1例（2%）,多发病灶（基底节、脑叶、小脑及脑干）5例（10%）。数字减影血管造影（DSA）提示前循环受累34例,其中23例（67.6%）大脑中动脉狭窄或闭塞。 结论：学龄期是儿童动脉缺血性卒中发病高峰,肢体瘫痪为最常见的临床表现,烟雾病和感染是主要病因,前循环受累较后循环多见,其中大脑中动脉供血区缺血梗死最常见。     

aveD基因失活提高阿维菌素工业菌株B组分产量

目的 破坏除虫链霉菌aveD基因,提高阿维菌素B1a的发酵单位.方法 将aveD基因内部364bp的SmaⅠ-SmaⅠ片段以相反的方向插入到原位置,构建重组质粒pUAmT-D7,并转化到阿维菌素工业生产菌Streptinomyces avermitilis G-8,筛选得到ave基因失活的基因工程菌G8-17.结果 发酵结果表明,G8-17不产维菌素A组分,而B组分的发酵单位则有相应的提高,其中有效组分B1a的发酵单位提高了33.6％.结论 aveD基因内部片段倒位没有影响下游与之共转录的基因aveF的表达,同时能有效阻断阿维菌素A组分的产生,提高B组分的发酵单位.     

藏药“佐太”长期给药对大鼠肾脏潜在氧化损伤的初步研究

目的:初步探讨长期给予藏药"佐太"对大鼠肾脏可能存在的氧化损伤,以期揭示藏药"佐太"长期用药对肾脏可能存在的过氧化毒性作用,为"佐太"制剂在临床上的安全合理使用提供一定的理论依据。方法:将120只SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组和藏药"佐太"高、中、低剂量组,通过对大鼠给予"佐太"混悬液90天、180天及停药恢复30天,对动物进行一般观察,检测大鼠肾脏中丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,计算其肾脏系数并进行肾组织病理学检查。结果:连续给药"佐太"90天、180天及停药30天后,与空白对照组比较,藏药"佐太"各给药组大鼠外观体征、行为活动、进食及排便情况均无明显异常,各给药组大鼠肾脏中MDA含量、SOD活性、肾脏系数及肾组织病理学与空白对照组比较均无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:推测长期使用藏药"佐太"对大鼠肾脏不产生明显的氧化损伤和肾脏毒性作用,但其安全性问题仍然需要广泛而深入地研究。     

吡喹酮长循环纳米粒在家兔体内的药动学

健康成年家兔18只,随机分为3组,分别静注吡喹酮溶液、吡喹酮纳米粒和吡喹酮长循环纳米粒(10 mg/kg).以地西泮为内标,采用HPLC法测定家兔血浆中的吡喹酮.吡喹酮注射液和吡喹酮纳米粒的体内过程符合二房室模型,吡喹酮长循环纳米粒的体内过程符合三房室模型,3种制剂的主要药动学参数分别为:t1/2(1.27±1.56)、(1.13±0.66)和(23.82±8.94)h,CL(5.29±0.78)、(2.38±1.00)和(1.16±0.16)L·h-1·kg-1,AUC0→t(1.48±0.2 7)、(3.52±1.79)和(4.93±1.27) mg·h·ml-1,MRT(0.44±0.30)、(0.41±0.10)和(16.12±1.38) h.     

三七种子贮藏习性研究

目的研究三七种子的贮藏习性,为三七种子的保存提供科学依据。方法用TTC法测定不同水分和不同温度贮藏三七种子生活力。结果三七种子对干燥脱水的忍耐能力类似顽拗型种子,其最低安全含水量为17%。结论三七种子为顽拗型种子,对低温极为敏感,不适宜采用低温贮存。     

Interleukin-1alpha polymorphism -889C/T related to obesity in Korean Taeumin women

Interleukin-1 (IL-1), a cytokine produced predominantly by cells from the macrophage lineage, can affect multiple neuroendocrine and metabolic functions. IL-1alpha production by cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells from an obese group was significantly elevated in comparison to a control group. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the IL-1alpha polymorphism and Sasang constitution, a major branch in Korean traditional medicine, were related to obesity. Genotyping was done in 182 healthy females with a marked variation in body mass index (BMI) by a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. The T allele was associated with decreased BMI (p = 0.020). In a subgroup with BMI values ranging from 27 approximately 29 kg/m(2), the frequency of the T allele was significantly decreased (p = 0.004, odds ratio, OR = 0.141 compared to a subgroup with a BMI values less than 25 Kg/m(2)). In addition, in Taeumin female subjects, the frequency of the IL-1alpha T allele was markedly decreased in a subgroup with BMI values in the range of 27 approximately 29 kg/m(2) compared to a lean group with BMI values less than 25 kg/m(2) (p = 0.004, OR = 0.139). In Korean women, an association was found between -889C/T polymorphism in the regulatory region of the IL-1alpha gene and BMI values. In addition, an association was found among IL-1alpha polymorphism, obesity, and the Sasang constitution.     

Peritoneal fluid from endometriosis patients switches differentiation of monocytes from dendritic cells to macrophages

Immunological abnormalities of cell-mediated and humoral immunity might be associated with the pathogenesis of endometriosis. This study has examined the effects of peritoneal fluid obtained from patients with endometriosis (ePF) on the phenotypic characteristics of macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) derived from monocytes. Monocytes were obtained from healthy young volunteers and cultured with ePF (n=12) or a control PF (cPF) (n=5) in the presence or absence of macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) or IL-4 plus granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The ePF was demonstrated to increase expression levels of CD14 and CD64 on isolated monocytes in the presence or absence of M-CSF. Compared with cPF, addition of 10% ePF to GM-CSF plus IL-4-treated monocytes significantly down-regulated CD1a expression and up-regulated CD64 expression, but did not enhance expression levels of class II MHC. ePF had no effect, however, on tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced maturation of DC. Levels of IL-6, IL-10 and M-CSF production were higher in ePF-treated than cPF-treated monocytes for both cell culture conditions with GM-CSF plus IL-4 and M-CSF. A neutralizing IL-6 antibody, but not an IL-10 antibody, abrogated the ePF-induced down-regulation of CD1a, up-regulation of CD64 and secretion of M-CSF. These results suggest that ePF favorably induces monocyte differentiation toward macrophages rather than DCs, and that this effect is mediated by IL-6. A reciprocal mode of cell differentiation between macrophages and DCs in response to ePF may be related to the pathogenesis of endometriosis.     

细胞周期调控基因p21和p27单核苷酸多态性与卵巢上皮性癌的关系

目的 探讨细胞周期调控基因p21和p27的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与卵巢上皮性癌(卵巢癌)发病风险的关系.方法 采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法检测234例卵巢癌患者(卵巢癌组)和284例健康妇女(对照组)p21基因C/T和p27基因V/G SNP位点基因型和等位基因的频率分布.结果 (1)对照组妇女p21基因的C/C、C/T和T/T基因型频率分别为34.2%、49.6%和16.2%,C和T等位基因频率分别为59.0%和41.0%;卵巢癌组患者3种基因型频率分别为28.2%、53.0%和18.8%,C和T等位基因频率分别为54.7%和45.3%.两组基因型频率和等位基因频率分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).3种基因型频率在4种病理类型的卵巢癌中的分布有明显差异(P=0.02),C/C基因型降低子宫内膜样癌的发病风险(OR为0.56,95%CI为0.32～0.98).(2)对照组妇女p27基因V/V、V/G和G/G基因型频率分别为88.4%、10.9%租0.7%,V和G等位基因频率分别为93.8%和6.2%;卵巢癌组患者的基因型频率分别为93.6%、5.1%和1.3%,V和G等位基因频率分别为96.2%和3.8%.两组基因型频率分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.04),等位基因频率分布比较,差异则无统计学意义(P=0.09).与V/G和G/G基因型比较,V/V基因型增加卵巢癌的发病风险(OR为1.92,95%CI为1.02～3.63).结论 p21基因C/T多态性的C/C基因型可能降低子宫内膜样癌的发病风险,p27基因的V/V基因型可能是卵巢癌发病的潜在危险因素.