Head injury in child abuse: evaluation with MR imaging

To evaluate the usefulness of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the diagnosis of head injury in child abuse, the authors compared the findings at head MR imaging and computed tomography (CT) in 19 abused children. Subdural hematomas (15 cases), cortical contusions (six cases), and shearing injuries (five cases) were demonstrated to particular advantage with MR imaging. CT remained superior in the detection of subarachnoid hemorrhage. MR imaging appears to be valuable in the assessment of patients with suspected intracranial injury due to child abuse.     

Pancreatic transplant imaging

Forty-four clinical episodes of suspected (pancreas) transplant rejection in 17 pancreatic transplantation patients were reviewed retrospectively. The clinical impression of acute graft rejection, chronic rejection, or nonrejection in each episode was correlated with the results of 19 nuclear medicine, 12 ultrasound (US), and 44 magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies. US was found to be a moderately sensitive (82%) method of detecting graft rejection. US also was effective in identifying intra- and peripancreatic fluid accumulations. Nuclear medicine imaging was also a sensitive technique (86%) and the only modality that provided physiologic information regarding graft perfusion. MR imaging allowed correct prediction of the presence or absence of graft rejection in 39 of 44 cases (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 76%) and was an effective means of detecting pathologic fluid collections. Nuclear medicine, US, and MR imaging are all believed to be sensitive methods of detecting graft rejection and are complementary adjuncts to the clinical evaluation of pancreatic transplants.     

A model of the pre-assessment learning effects of assessment is operational in an undergraduate clinical context

Background

The Public Health (PH) course at the medical college of Cairo University is based on traditional lectures. Large enrollment limits students' discussions and interactions with instructors.

Aim

Evaluate students' learning outcomes as measured by improved knowledge acquisition and opinions of redesigning the Reproductive Health (RH) section of the PH course into e-learning and assessing e-course utilization.

Methods

This prospective interventional study started with development of an e-learning course covering the RH section, with visual and interactive emphasis, to satisfy students' diverse learning styles. Two student groups participated in this study. The first group received traditional lecturing, while the second volunteered to enroll in the e-learning course, taking online course quizzes. Both groups answered knowledge and course evaluation questionnaires and were invited to group discussions. Additionally, the first group answered another questionnaire about reasons for non-participation.

Results

Students participating in the e-learning course showed significantly better results, than those receiving traditional tutoring. Students who originally shunned the e-course expressed eagerness to access the course before the end of the academic year. Overall, students using the redesigned e-course reported better learning experiences.

Conclusions

An online course with interactivities and interaction, can overcome many educational drawbacks of large enrolment classes, enhance student's learning and complement pit-falls of large enrollment traditional tutoring.     

Duodenal Volvulus: Report of a Case

A duodenal volvulus is a hitherto unreported condition caused by an abnormal mobility of the third and fourth parts of the duodenum. We herein report the first such case, including its presentation, management, and possible etiology. An erratum to this article is available at .     

MEBT/MEBO治愈夫妻面部烧伤的护理体会

目的：介绍夫妻二人同时面部酒精火焰烧伤后,用ＭＥＢＯ治愈护理的体会。方法：采用ＭＥＢＴ／ＭＥＢＯ、创面与心理护理等方法,并总结了经验与才识结果：ＭＥＢＴ／ＭＥＢＯ对颜面部浅Ⅱ度和深Ⅱ度创面有止痛效果,愈合快,无明显疤痕及色素沉着。结论：ＭＥＢＴ／ＭＥＢＯ对颜面部Ⅱ度烧伤创面是最适宜的治疗方法。     

烧伤大鼠早期胃肠喂养的实验研究

目的：探讨严重烧伤后早期胃肠性喂养的作用及方法。方法：对伤后２小时既开始喂养的严重烧伤大鼠进行血浆蛋白监测,并与正常大鼠及伤后禁食大鼠作对比。结果：喂养组大鼠伤后７天血浆球蛋白明显上升至接近正常,胃肠粘膜病理变化减轻。结论：早期喂养有减轻胃肠及全身损害的作用。     

Four cancer cases after esophageal atresia repair: Time to start screening the upper gastrointestinal tract

Esophageal atresia(EA) is one of the most common congenital digestive malformations and requires surgical correction early in life. Dedicated centers have reported survival rates up to 95%. The most frequent comorbidities after EA repair are dysphagia(72%) and gastroesophageal reflux(GER)(67%). Chronic GER after EA repair might lead to mucosal damage, esophageal stricturing, Barrett's esophagus and eventually esophageal adenocarcinoma. Several long-term follow-up studies found an increased risk of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal carcinoma in EA patients, both at a relatively young age. Given these findings, the recent ESPGHAN-NASPGHAN guideline recommends routine endoscopy in adults born with EA. We report a series of four EA patients who developed a carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract: three esophageal carcinoma and one colorectal carcinoma in a colonic interposition. These cases emphasize the importance of lifelong screening of the upper gastrointestinal tract in EA patients.