Esophageal cancer staging by CT: long-term follow-up study

To evaluate the utility of computed tomographic (CT) staging in patients with esophageal cancer, the length of patient survival was compared with pretherapy CT findings in 89 patients. Regardless of therapy, patients with evidence of mediastinal invasion, liver metastases, or abdominal adenopathy had a statistically shortened survival (P less than .05). Specific CT criteria that predicted a shortened survival included evidence of tracheal, aortic, or pericardial invasion. Patients with evidence of both mediastinal invasion and abdominal metastases had a mean survival of 180.4 days; those with no evidence, 479.6 days. The presence of enlarged upper abdominal lymph nodes indicated the worst prognosis (mean survival, 90 days). The patients with squamous cell tumors were classified by the CT staging system, and survival data were compared according to surgical procedure. Patients who underwent attempted curative surgery did not have a statistically significant difference in survival by analysis of survival curves but demonstrated a longer mean survival than those who underwent palliative or no surgery.     

Comparison of human and chimpanzee Kell blood group systems

Kell antigens on chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) red cells were determined using specific human alloimmune and murine monoclonal antibodies. After avoidance of interspecies reactions, chimpanzee red cells were found to react with most Kell system antibodies. The chimpanzees had phenotypes similar to those of humans. The main difference was that all of 27 chimpanzee red cell samples tested were of the K:6, -7, phenotype, while in humans most are K:-6, 7. The most common chimpanzee Kell blood group phenotype was K:-1,2,-3,4,5,6,-7,11,12,13,14, 15,18,19,22. Murine monoclonal anti-K2 and -K14 immunoprecipitated a 97-kD protein from chimpanzee red cells and a 93-kD protein from human red cells. Enzymatic deglycosylation yielded proteins of about 79 kD for humans and 77 kD for chimpanzees. Both human and chimpanzee Kell proteins reacted equally well on Western blots with polyclonal rabbit antibody to human Kell protein, which indicated close homology.     

高效液相色谱法同时测定人血清中普罗帕酮及其活性代谢物的浓度

A rapid, sensitive and simple high performance liquid chromatographicmethod for the simultaneous determination of propafenone (PPF) and its metabolites(5-hydroxypropafenone, 5-OHP; N-depropylpropafenone, NDP) in serum hasbeen developed. Separation of PPF, 5-OHP and NDP was achieved by reversed phasechromatography using a mobile phase consisting of 57% methanol and 43% 10 mmol/Lpotassium dibasic phosphate (pH 2.7)at a flow rate of 1.0 mi/rain on a 5μm ODS-C18column. The eluent was monitored at 254 nm. The method showed a good linearity. The recoveries of PPF, 5-OHP and NDP werefound to be 99.54±2. 13%, 100.02±3.66% and 100.48±3.10%, respectively. Precisionstudies for both within day and day-to-day at different concentrations provided RSDvalues of less than 5%. Some commonly used drugs can be determined in the same procedurewithout interference except phenytoin. This method is well adapted to the therapeuticmonitoring of PPF treated patients, as well as for pharmacokinetic studies.     

Closed system for arterial puncture in patients at risk for AIDS

A method of arterial puncture that makes use of a closed system was developed to reduce the likelihood of contact with blood of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The system includes a plastic Tuohy-Borst side-arm adapter and connecting tubing that are attached to the arterial needle. When the arterial lumen is entered, blood spurts into the connecting tube rather than freely out of the hub of the needle. The guide wire is then advanced through the Tuohy valve into the artery. The technique has been successfully used in 32 patients; no significant complications have been reported.     

白细胞介素13刺激成纤维细胞胶原基因转录和胶原蛋白的合成

目的:以成纤维细胞株3T3为实验对象,观察白细胞介素13对成纤维细胞株3T3胶原合成作用,探讨白细胞介素13对纤维化形成的作用机制。方法:实验于2005-03/2006-10在江西医学科学研究所江西省医学生物高技术重点实验室进行。实验材料:成纤维细胞株3T3细胞为江西省医学科学研究所江西省医学生物高技术重点实验室保存。白细胞介素13购自Peprotech公司。实验方法:①3T3细胞培养:3T3细胞常规培养在含体积分数为0.15胎牛血清、100U/mL青、链霉素的DMEM培养液中,置于37℃、含体积分数为0.05的CO2孵箱中培养,并分为实验组和对照组,两组细胞均用无血清DMEM培养12～16h,实验组加入100μg/L白细胞介素13,作用24,48,72h后进行以下实验。②应用Van Gieson胶原纤维特殊染色观察白细胞介素13作用下,3T3细胞体外合成胶原纤维情况。细胞培养上清液采用羟脯氨酸实验检测细胞分泌的总胶原蛋白含量。采用RT-PCR检测3T3细胞Ⅰ型胶原α1基因(COL1A1)mRNA的表达。采用Western blotting检测白细胞介素13作用后成纤维细胞Ⅰ型胶原蛋白的表达。结果:①Van Gieson胶原纤维特殊染色观察白细胞介素13对成纤维细胞体外合成胶原纤维的影响:有胶原纤维地方被Van Gieson液染成红色,细胞核则为灰黑色。显微镜下可见成纤维细胞呈放射状、编织状或旋涡状排列,细胞体呈梭形或不规则三角形,胞质向外伸出大小不等的突起,核为椭圆形,位于胞浆的中央,在白细胞介素13孵育的3T3细胞中可观察到较多的胶原纤维。②羟脯氨酸实验检测白细胞介素13对成纤维细胞分泌总胶原含量影响:白细胞介素13刺激3T3细胞分泌的总胶原含量24h后即明显增高,持续至72h(t=6.751,P<0.01),明显高于对照组(t=3.019,P<0.05)。③RT-PCR检测白细胞介素13作用下3T3细胞Ⅰ型胶原α1mRNA水平:在511bp(β-actin)和378bp处(COL1A1)均可见一明显条带。④Western blotting检测白细胞介素13作用下Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达情况:白细胞介素13作用3T3细胞0,24,48,72h后,Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达逐渐增强,与actin蛋白相比,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:白细胞介素13可促进3T3细胞胶原基因的转录和胶原蛋白的合成,可能在纤维化疾病发病机制中发挥重要作用。     

In vivo red cell destruction by anti-Lu6

An example is presented of an IgG1, anti-Lu6, that reacted by indirect antiglobulin test and was capable of destroying antigen-positive red cells in vivo. Two methods for the measurement of red cell survival, 51Cr labeling and flow cytometry, gave the same result: 20 percent of the test dose of Lu:6 red cells was destroyed in the first hour after injection and 80 percent in the first 24 hours. The clinical relevance of the antibody was correctly predicted by an in vitro monocyte monolayer assay. The finding that this example of anti-Lu6 was clinically significant should not be taken to mean that all antibodies directed against high-incidence Lutheran and Lutheran system-related antigens will behave similarly. When such antibodies are encountered, in vivo and/or in vitro studies to assess their clinical significance are necessary before rare blood is used for transfusion.     

急性缺血再灌注肾损伤过程中Mg2+及K+协同胰岛素的对抗效应

目的:在肾移植术后可能发生急性缺血再灌注性肾损伤.作者前期实验表明在肾缺血再灌注期间注射胰岛素可减轻缺血再灌注肾损伤,在此基础上,在胰岛素溶液中加入天冬氨酸钾镁,观察Mg2 ,K 协同胰岛素对家兔急性肾缺血再灌注损伤的影响,并分析其可能机制.方法:实验于2002-02/04在泸州医学院生理实验室完成,动物实验方法符合动物伦理学要求.①实验材料及方法:选用健康成年日本大耳白兔27只,按随机数字表法分为3组(n=9),即缺血再灌注组、缺血再灌注胰岛素处理组及对照组,前两组采用钳夹肾动脉法建立急性肾缺血再灌注肾损伤模型,缺血再灌注胰岛素处理组再灌注的同时给予胰岛素溶液,含胰岛素3 U/kg,葡萄糖1.5 g/kg,K 4 mg/kg,Mg2 1.7 mg/kg.②实验评估:分别观察3组动物缺血再灌注2 h,48 h后,血清尿素氮、血糖、血清及肾组织中丙二醛含量以及肾组织超微结构变化.结果:23只动物进入结果分析.①肾缺血再灌注48 h后,缺血再灌注组血清尿素氮含量显著高于对照组(P＜0.01),缺血再灌注胰岛素处理组与对照组差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05).②缺血再灌注组血清及肾组织中丙二醛含量显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),缺血再灌注胰岛素处理组丙二醛含量显著低于缺血再灌注组(P＜0.05).③缺血再灌注2 h后,3组动物血糖均较术前增高,但以缺血再灌注组增高更为显著,与对照组比较差异具有显著性意义(P＜0.05),缺血再灌注胰岛素处理组与对照组差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05).④对照组肾组织超微结构正常,缺血再灌注组肾组织呈变性和坏死改变,缺血再灌注胰岛素处理组肾组织轻度变性.结论:Mg2 ,K 可协同胰岛素减轻家兔急性缺血再灌注性肾损伤,其作用途径可能和降低血糖、抗自由基损伤、改善能量代谢、减轻钙超载、防止低血钾等因素有关.     

Role of dietary fatty acids in mammary gland development and breast cancer

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Estimates suggest up to 35% of cases may be preventable through diet and lifestyle modification. Growing research on the role of fats in human health suggests that early exposure in life to specific fatty acids, when tissues are particularly sensitive to their environment, can have long-term health impacts. The present review examines the role of dietary fat in mammary gland development and breast cancer throughout the lifecycle. Overall, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have promising cancer-preventive effects when introduced early in life, and warrant further research to elucidate the mechanisms of action.