Renal calculi: sensitivity for detection with US

The sensitivity of sonography in the detection of renal calculi was tested in a three-phase study in 100 patients. In phase 1, ultrasonographic (US) scanning was performed after review of abdominal radiographs and renal tomograms in 30 patients who had undergone extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). In this group the sensitivity of US for detecting stones was 98%. In phase 2, scanning was performed in 30 post-ESWL patients without prior review of radiographs or tomograms. The sensitivity of US for stone detection in this group was 95%. In phase 3, sonography was performed in a blinded fashion on a random mix of post-ESWL patients and patients who had undergone urography for reasons unrelated to nephrolithiasis. The sensitivity of US for stone detection in this group of 40 patients was 91%. The overall sensitivity in all three groups was 96%, which was superior to the performance of abdominal radiography and slightly inferior to the combination of abdominal radiography and renal tomography. The ability to detect kidney stones with US depended on stone size but was independent of stone location or patient size. The study findings suggest that US is an effective means for detecting kidney stones in patients with suspected nephrolithiasis.     

Increased vomiting induced by an antiemetic drug

A case of progressive vomiting in a boy aged 5 months is reported. Vomiting was secondary to an obstruction in the antrum of the stomach caused by a mass consisting of alginate.     

复方烧伤喷雾剂的药效学研究

目的：研究以乙酸乙酯为主要溶媒的复方烧伤喷雾的药效学。方法：用烧伤创面感染常见的金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓假单胞菌、大肠埃希氏菌、普通变形杆菌做豚鼠烧伤感染模型,并用复方烧伤喷雾剂治疗,结果：复方烧伤喷雾剂可促进豚鼠Ⅱ度烧伤创面的愈合,并具有显著的烧伤创面抗感染作用。结论：乙酸乙酯可作为某些中药有效成分的优良提取溶剂。     

Hip and Knee Replacement in the HIV positive patient

Arthroplasty is used to relieve pain associated with degenerative or inflammatory joint disease, some post-traumatic joint problems, and avascular necrosis. Avascular necrosis, inflammatory and post-traumatic problems are seen on a regular basis in areas of high HIV seroprevalence. Degenerative arthritis is rare in younger HIV patients, however. Historically the only group of HIV patients in which arthroplasty has been common is that which received contaminated factor VIII transfusions in the 1980''s. Haemophiliacs get a haemophilic arthropathy from repeated bleeds into joints and so is an additional complication.Much of the previous literature on this topic has focused on haemophiliac patients. This review examines the success of arthroplasty in HIV positive patients, with an emphasis on non-haemophiliac patients. We conclude that arthroplasty can be a safe procedure for HIV positive individuals if the surgery is carried out in good conditions, and early results are encouraging.     

泽兰合剂质量标准研究

目的；建立泽兰合剂质量控制方法。方法：采用TLC对金银花，红花进行定性鉴别，HPLC测定绿原酸的含量。结果：TLC鉴别方法专属性强。含量测定绿原酸在0.2-1.0μg间有良好的线性关系。回收率为98.67%,RSD为2.19%。结论：本法简便，准确，重现性好，可作为该制剂的质量控制方法。