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Andrew X. Zhu Richard S. Finn Yoon-Koo Kang Chia-Jui Yen Peter R. Galle Josep M. Llovet Eric Assenat Giovanni Brandi Kenta Motomura Izumi Ohno Bruno Daniele Arndt Vogel Tatsuya Yamashita Chih-Hung Hsu Guido Gerken John Bilbruck Yanzhi Hsu Kun Liang Ryan C. Widau Chunxiao Wang Paolo Abada Masatoshi Kudo 《British journal of cancer》2021,124(8):1388
Background Post hoc analyses assessed the prognostic and predictive value of baseline alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), as well as clinical outcomes by AFP response or progression, during treatment in two placebo-controlled trials (REACH, REACH-2).Methods Serum AFP was measured at baseline and every three cycles. The prognostic and predictive value of baseline AFP was assessed by Cox regression models and Subpopulation Treatment Effect Pattern Plot method. Associations between AFP (≥ 20% increase) and radiographic progression and efficacy were assessed.Results Baseline AFP was confirmed as a continuous (REACH, REACH-2; p < 0.0001) and dichotomous (≥400 vs. <400 ng/ml; REACH, p < 0.01) prognostic factor, and was predictive for ramucirumab survival benefit in REACH (p = 0.0042 continuous; p < 0.0001 dichotomous). Time to AFP (hazard ratio [HR] 0.513; p < 0.0001) and radiographic (HR 0.549; p < 0.0001) progression favoured ramucirumab. Association between AFP and radiographic progression was shown for up to 6 (odds ratio [OR] 5.1; p < 0.0001) and 6–12 weeks (OR 1.8; p = 0.0065). AFP response was higher with ramucirumab vs. placebo (p < 0.0001). Survival was longer in patients with an AFP response than patients without (13.6 vs. 5.6 months, HR 0.451; 95% confidence interval, 0.354–0.574; p < 0.0001).Conclusions AFP is an important prognostic factor and a predictive biomarker for ramucirumab survival benefit. AFP ≥ 400 ng/ml is an appropriate selection criterion for ramucirumab.Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, REACH () and REACH-2 ( NCT01140347).Subject terms: NCT02435433Oncology, Biomarkers 相似文献
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Liu Shuling Matthew Lau Sie Kuei Seyed Ehsan Saffari Zheng Jiayun Tan Tse Yeun Jessie Phoon Wai Leng Veronique Viardot-Foucault Sadhana Nadarajah Jerry Kok Yen Chan Tan Heng Hao 《Reproductive biomedicine online》2019,38(1):39-45
Research question
Previous studies of aromatase inhibitors on male infertility have focused on men with low testosterone–oestradiol ratio of less than 10. Can aromatase inhibitors improve spermatogenesis in men with idiopathic male infertility with normal testosterone–oestradiol ratio?Design
Prospective study of men with idiopathic severe oligozoospermia (sperm concentration <5 million/ml) carried out between February 2015 and March 2017. The objective was to assess if semen-analysis parameters improved after treatment with letrozole. Secondary objectives were to monitor the safety of letrozole in men, and to measure the alterations in serum FSH, LH, oestradiol and testosterone levels.Results
Fifteen men with normal testosterone–oestradiol ratio (>10) were treated with letrozole 2.5 mg daily for 4 months. This produced a 5.5-fold increase in sperm concentration (P?=?0.0068). All men had increased total serum testosterone and suppressed oestradiol levels after treatment, thus raising the overall testosterone–oestradiol ratio (P < 0.0001). Adverse effects from letrozole were relatively minor and included loss of libido (54%), headaches (25%), fatigue (21%), weakness (13%), loss of hair (8%) and dry mouth (8%).Conclusions
Letrozole improves sperm concentration and increases testosterone–oestradiol ratio for men with oligozoospermia who have normal testosterone–oestradiol ratio; its role in the treatment of male infertility may be extended to this group of patients. In addition, it is a relatively well-tolerated drug with no serious adverse effects. 相似文献90.
Tzu‐Yu Peng Saiji Shimoe Naomi Tanoue Hiroyuki Akebono Takeshi Murayama Takahiro Satoda 《European journal of oral sciences》2019,127(3):269-275
With the rapid development of computer‐aided design/computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD /CAM ) systems, the application of zirconia in removable partial dentures is expected to expand. Clasps composed of zirconia should improve esthetics without inducing the risk of metal allergy. The aim of this study was to examine the fatigue resistance of yttria‐stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y‐TZP) clasps for removable partial dentures. Yttria‐stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal and cobalt‐chromium (Co‐Cr) alloy were prepared using CAD /CAM systems. Specimens were either of the semicircular type or of the flat type, with cross‐sectional areas of taper ratios of 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00. All specimens were tested using the cantilever test and the constant displacement fatigue test, and data were analyzed using ANOVA . During the cantilever test, the maximum displacement prior to fracture was greater than the required undercut, and the semicircular‐type specimen exhibited a higher fracture load than the flat type. None of the specimens displayed permanent deformation and showed almost the same degree of deformation after fatigue testing. A lower taper ratio was associated with lower average load values and greater displacement. Within the limitations of this study, it was possible to conclude that Y‐TZP provides the required undercut and adequate retentive force for removable partial denture clasps. Additionally, Y‐TZP and Co‐Cr alloy had almost the same degree of deformation even after the simulated lifespan of removable partial dentures. 相似文献