谈药政执法主体行政司法裁决权的运用

《药品管理法》赋予了卫生行政部门行政司法裁决权。本文运用行政汪和民法理论阐述了运用该项权能的程序和原则，指出行使该项权能的注意事项和完善卫生行政司法裁决权的建议。     

EBSD数据中由单位面积界面总长度确定位错界面间距的方法

It is well established now that for many metals afraction of the dislocations introduced during plastic de-formation remain in the material after deformation,andare arranged into dislocation boundaries[1-3].Thesedislocation boundaries are in fact rotation boundaries,separating volumes of material with different crystallo-graphic orientations[2-4].An important parameter char-acterizing each dislocation boundary is therefore the mi-sorientation angle across the boundary.Another impor-tant parame…     

Polymorphisms in ESR1 and FLJ43663 are associated with breast cancer risk in the Han population

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease which is influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Genetic susceptibility is likely to be due to variants conferring more moderate risks. To identify susceptibility alleles, we conducted a case–control association study in 185 breast cancer cases and 199 controls in the Han population. We genotyped 14 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms previously implicated in breast cancer using Sequenom MassARRAY SNP genotyping method and identified rs3734805 in the ESR1 gene and rs2048672 in the FLJ43663 gene were associated with breast cancer risk. Allele “C” of rs3734805 was associated with increased breast cancer progression by χ ² test and additive model analysis (OR?=?1.36; 95 % CI, 1.01–1.82; p?=?0.042). Using recessive model analysis, we found that genotype “GG” of rs2048672 was the protective genotype during breast cancer progression (OR?=?0.55; 95 % CI, 0.32–0.95; p?=?0.029). Our results provide additional insights into the opposing roles of the ESR1 and FLJ43663 genes in breast cancer onset and progression.     

Imaging, anatomical, and molecular analysis of callosal formation in the developing human fetal brain

A complex set of axonal guidance mechanisms are utilized by axons to locate and innervate their targets. In the developing mouse forebrain, we previously described several midline glial populations as well as various guidance molecules that regulate the formation of the corpus callosum. Since agenesis of the corpus callosum is associated with over 50 different human congenital syndromes, we wanted to investigate whether these same mechanisms also operate during human callosal development. Here we analyze midline glial and commissural development in human fetal brains ranging from 13 to 20 weeks of gestation using both diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging and immunohistochemistry. Through our combined radiological and histological studies, we demonstrate the morphological development of multiple forebrain commissures/decussations, including the corpus callosum, anterior commissure, hippocampal commissure, and the optic chiasm. Histological analyses demonstrated that all the midline glial populations previously described in mouse, as well as structures analogous to the subcallosal sling and cingulate pioneering axons, that mediate callosal axon guidance in mouse, are also present during human brain development. Finally, by Northern blot analysis, we have identified that molecules involved in mouse callosal development, including Slit, Robo, Netrin1, DCC, Nfia, Emx1, and GAP-43, are all expressed in human fetal brain. These data suggest that similar mechanisms and molecules required for midline commissure formation operate during both mouse and human brain development. Thus, the mouse is an excellent model system for studying normal and pathological commissural formation in human brain development.     

Coupling of optical characterization with particle and network synthesis for biomedical applications

Polymeric microspheres containing a magnetic core have been used in cancer therapy for biophysical targeting of antitumor agents and in magnetic resonance imaging as contrasting agents. For the Human Genome Project, deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) capillary electrophoresis has become the most widely used analytical technique where a key component is the design of an effective separation medium. The synthesis and optical characterization of polymeric coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles and of (self-assembled) polymer networks by means of a range of physical techniques, including laser light scattering and laser-induced fluorescence detection, are presented. (1) Polymeric microspheres with a superparamagnetic core. A water-in-oil microemulsion approach has been used successfully to synthesize the superparamagnetic core and the polymeric microsphere in one continuous step. The synthesis permits us to control the magnetic nanoparticle size and the thickness of the hydrogel, ranging from 80 to 320 nm. Magnetite concentration in the microspheres, calculated by vibrating-sample magnetometry, was found to be up to 3.3 wt %. The internal structure of the microspheres, as observed by atomic force microscopy, confirmed a core-shell model. (2) Development of new separation media for DNA capillary electrophoresis. Block copolymers in selective solvents can self-assemble to form supramolecular structures in solution. The nanostructures can be characterized in the dilute concentration regime by means of laser light scattering. At semidilute concentrations, the mesh size, the supramolecular structure, and the surface morphology can be investigated by means of small angle x-ray scattering and atomic force microscopy. The structural knowledge and the information on chain dynamics can then be correlated with electrophoresis using laser-induced fluorescence detection to provide a deeper understanding for the development of new separation media.     

泰山盐肤木化学成分的研究

从泰山盐肤木Rhustaishanensis的根茎中分得3个化合物，经与标准品对照，理化鉴别和波谱分析推定，化合物Ⅰ为没食子酸（gallicacid），Ⅱ为1－（2′，3′-二羟基苯基）－2-正庚基-1-壬烯-3-酮，是一新化合物，命名为盐肤木酮（rhusone），Ⅲ为moronicacid。     

复方麝香注射液治疗意识障碍63例疗效观察

目的：探索复方麝香注射液治疗中枢意识障碍的临床疗效。方法：将104例意识障碍患者随机分为复方麝香组（治疗组）63例，清开灵组（对照组）41例，进行疗效对比分析。结果：治疗组治愈28例，显效22例，有效6例，总有效率88．89％；对照组治愈10例，显效8例，有效12例，总有效率73．17％，两组疗效差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。治疗组的起效时间和达最大效应时间也明显快于对照组（P〈0．05），从证效关系分析，复方麝香注射液对痰热内闭型的疗效优于痰浊内盛型（P〈0．025）；同时提示复方麝香注射液的治疗效果与剂量呈正相关。结论：复方麝香注射液具有醒脑止痉、清热凉血、行气活血和解毒止痛等功效，是防治意识障碍的安全、有效药物。     

EDI与国际集装箱检验检疫监管

目的 介绍EDI即电子数据交换的工作原理。方法 在国际集装箱检验检疫管理中采用该项技术的优点。结果 分析国内外采用EDI管理集装箱的现状。结论 对中国检验检疫系统采用EDI技术管理国际集装箱存在的问题和解决措施进行了探讨。     

宫颈癌腹腔镜下保留盆腔自主神经的广泛子宫切除术

宫颈癌是女性生殖系统最常见的恶性肿瘤,其发病呈年轻化趋势且早期患者5年生存率几乎达90%。因此,减少并发症,提高生活质量已成为宫颈癌术后患者关注的重点。近些年,微创观念的提出及腹腔镜技术的发展,腹腔镜下保留盆腔自主神经的广泛性子宫切除术逐渐成为目前早期宫颈癌临床研究的热点。