Functional polymorphisms of circadian positive feedback regulation genes and clinical outcome of Chinese patients with resected colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND:

Previous studies have demonstrated that circadian genes play a role in the development and progression of many cancers. This study aims to assess the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in circadian genes on recurrence and survival of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

METHODS:

Nine functional SNPs in 3 genes (CLOCK, NPAS2, and BMAL1) on the circadian positive feedback loop were selected and genotyped using the Sequenom iPLEX genotyping system in a cohort of 411 resected Chinese CRC patients. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan‐Meier curve were used for the prognosis analysis.

RESULTS:

The authors identified 2 SNPs in the CLOCK gene to be significantly associated with CRC overall survival. SNP rs3749474 exhibited a significant association with survival of CRC patients in the additive model (hazard ratio [HR], 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37‐0.81; P = .003). In addition, patients carrying the heterozygous variant of rs1801260 had significantly increased overall survival compared with those carrying homozygous wild‐type genotype (HR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.11‐0.88; P = .03). Findings from functional assay provided further biological support for these significant associations. Stratified analysis found no modifying effect of chemotherapy on the prognostic significance of both SNPs. Moreover, we observed cumulative effects of these 2 SNPs on CRC overall survival (P for trend = .01). Compared with patients carrying no unfavorable genotypes, those carrying 2 unfavorable genotypes had a 2.92‐fold increased risk of death (P = .03).

CONCLUSIONS:

The results suggest for the first time that CLOCK gene polymorphisms may serve as an independent prognostic marker for CRC patients. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.     

Estimation of stored energy in deformed metals from EBSD sets

A number of methods for estimating the stored energy of deformation from EBSD data have been examined.The methods are illustrated here using samples of AA1100 deformed to strains of εvM=2.4 and εvM=4.0 using the accumulative roll bonding process.A qualitative method,based on pattern contrast,reveals some aspects of local differences in stored energy in the deformed samples.Quantitative methods where the stored energy is estimated through the use of the Read-Shockley equation have also been examined.A special mean misorientation angle is developed to take account of nonlinearity of the Read-Shockley equation.Two approaches have been considered.One is based on subgrain reconstruction and the other is based on misorientation angles taken directly from an orientation map.Calculations show that the subgrain method is particularly sensitive to orientation noise in the data and care must be taken when using this method.     

Pd0@Polyoxometalate Nanostructures as Green Electrocatalysts: Illustrative Example of Hydrogen Production

Green-chemistry type procedures were used to synthesize Pd⁰ nanostructures encapsulated by a vanadium-substituted Wells-Dawson-type polyoxometalate (Pd⁰@POM). The cyclic voltammogram run with the Pd⁰@POM-modified glassy carbon electrode shows well-defined waves, associated with Pd⁰ nanostructures and the V^V/V^IV redox couple. The Pd⁰@POM-modified electrode displayed remarkably reproducible cyclic voltammetry patterns. The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was selected as an illustrative example to test the electrocatalytic behavior of the electrode. The kinetic parameters of the HER show the high efficiency of the Pd⁰@POM-modified electrode. This is the first example of electrochemical characterization of a modified electrode based on a vanado-tungstic POM and Pd⁰ nanostructures.     

前列冲剂对雄性大鼠离体膀胱逼尿肌作用的研究

目的观察前列冲剂对雄性大鼠离体膀胱逼尿肌运动的影响，并初步探讨其作用机制。方法运用BL-420型生物信号系统记录离体大鼠膀胱逼尿肌肌条的活动，观察不同剂量前列冲剂对大鼠膀胱逼尿肌自发活动的影响，并分析其作用机制。结果前列冲剂对大鼠膀胱逼尿肌有明显的兴奋作用，可增加其收缩时间、最大收缩张力及膀胱活动力，并呈量效关系。该作用可被异搏定（L型电压依从性Ca2＋通道阻断剂）和阿托品部分阻断（P〈0.01）。结论前列冲剂在体外可增强膀胱平滑肌的收缩，其作用是通过多条途径发挥的，尤其是通过L型钙通道和胆碱能M型受体而起作用的。     

青岛老鹳草挥发油成分研究

采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术,对青岛老鹳草(Geranium wlassowianum)挥发油的化学成分进行了分析,共分出106个峰,鉴定出24种化合物,占全部挥发油总含量的75.42％。该挥发油的主要成分为饱和脂肪烷烃类。     

540例良性前列腺增生症患者中医证候分布规律研究

目的探讨良性前列腺增生症(BPH)中医证候分布规律。方法收集BPH患者540例,编制BPH中医证候学调查表获取患者四诊资料,对收集的症状、体征、舌、脉等证候指标进行频数分析、内部可靠性分析及聚类分析,总结出该病的证候特点及中医证候分布规律。结果 BPH的8个基本证候分别为肾阳虚证(256例)、瘀阻水道证(238例)、肾阴虚证(173例)、湿热下注证(140例)、脾气虚弱证(127例)、痰浊郁结证(92例)、肝郁气滞证(46例)、肺热气郁证(32例),每一患者可具备一个或多个基本证候。单一证型有3个共106例(19.6%),复合证型有9种证型组合共434例(80.4%);12类证候中单纯实证1个共32例(5.9%),单纯虚证4个共154例(28.5%),虚实夹杂证7个共354例(65.6%)。结论肾阳虚证、瘀阻水道证、肾阴虚证为BPH的常见基本证型,且以复合证型、虚实夹杂证多见。     

Quantitative multi-height phase retrieval via a coded image sensor

Multi-height phase retrieval introduces different object-to-detector distances for obtaining phase diversity measurements. In the acquisition process, the slow-varying phase information, however, cannot be converted to intensity variations for detection. Therefore, the low-frequency contents of the phase profile are lost during acquisition and cannot be properly restored via phase retrieval. Here, we demonstrate the use of a coded image sensor for addressing this challenge in multi-height phase retrieval. In our scheme, we add a coded layer on top of the image sensor for encoding the slow-varying complex wavefronts into intensity variations of the modulated patterns. Inspired by the concept of blind ptychography, we report a reconstruction scheme to jointly recover the complex object and the unknown coded layer using multi-height measurements. With both simulation and experimental results, we show that the recovered phase is quantitative and the slow-varying phase profiles can be properly restored using lensless multi-height measurements. We also show that the image quality using the coded sensor is better than that of a regular image sensor. For demonstrations, we validate the reported scheme with various biospecimens and compare the results to those of regular lensless multi-height phase retrieval. The use of a coded image sensor may enable true quantitative phase imaging for the lensless multi-height, multi-wavelength, and transport-of-intensity equation approaches.     

含血停跳液对缺氧未成熟心肌的保护作用

目的　探讨含血停跳液对缺氧未成熟心肌的保护作用。方法　构建缺氧幼兔模型 ,观察应用含血停跳液灌注 (研究组 )与冷晶体停跳液灌注 (对照组 )后幼兔心肌收缩力、冠脉流量 ,心肌含水量和心肌细胞超微结构的变化。结果　复跳后心肌收缩力的恢复率分别为 :研究组 ( 97 5 0± 4 11) % ,对照组 ( 5 6 2 5± 9 48) % (P <0 0 1) ;缺血期不同时点 ( 0 ,2 0 ,40min)的冠脉流量分别为 :研究组 3 5 3± 0 3 2 ,3 45± 0 44 ,3 4± 0 5ml/(min·g) ,对照组 2 0 9± 0 2 6,1 86±0 3 ,1 79± 0 2ml/(min·g) (P <0 0 1) ;复跳后不同时点 ( 0 ,10 ,2 0min)的冠脉流量分别为 :研究组 3 5 9± 0 3 2 ,3 7± 0 2 9,3 88± 0 3 7ml/(min·g) ,对照组 2 96± 0 2 5 ,2 74± 0 2 8,2 3 5± 0 2 6ml/(min·g) (P <0 0 1) ;再灌注末心肌含水量 :研究组 ( 5 9 95± 2 0 9) % ,对照组 ( 79 77± 1 17) % ,(P <0 0 1)。研究组心肌细胞线粒体、细胞核等超微结构得到较好保护。结论　应用含血停跳液灌注后的冠脉流量 ,复跳后心肌收缩力的恢复率较高 ;缺血后心肌水肿较轻 ,细胞的超微结构得到较好的保护     

整合子相关的铜绿假单胞菌耐药性分析

目的研究多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌中1、2类整合酶基因及1类整合子标志基因的携带情况。方法用纸片扩散法做耐药菌株的药敏试验。聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增检测intI1、intI2整合酶基因,1类整合子标志基因su l 1和qacEΔ1,扩增产物纯化后基因测序分析。结果铜绿假单胞菌对3类或3类以上抗生素耐药,大多对阿莫西林-克拉维酸、庆大霉素、环丙沙星和哌拉西林耐药,且与1类整合子的存在密切相关。intI1整合酶基因阳性率为97.5%(78/80),而intI2整合酶基因的阳性率为6.25%(5/80);1类整合子的su l 1和qacEΔ1的阳性率分别为92.5%(74/80)和81.2%(65/80)。结论铜绿假单胞菌的耐药与耐药基因传递的新机制———整合子系统密切相关。