食管癌Ivor-Lewis术中营养管置入新方法的评价

目的评价食管癌Ivor-Lewis术中新的鼻十二指肠营养管置入方法的临床效果。 方法收集内蒙古医科大学附属医院胸外科2013年1月—2016年12月期间单一手术组同一术者开展的食管中下段癌Ivor-Lewis术共117例,其中2015年3月前采用空肠造瘘术行肠内营养49例;2015年3月后采用新方法放置鼻十二指肠营养管68例,比较两组患者术中营养管置入所需时间、带管的舒适性,以及吻合口瘘、肺部感染、与营养管相关并发症的发生率。 结果117例患者均顺利置入营养管,1例采用鼻十二指肠管组患者置入失败。两组均无住院死亡病例。鼻十二指肠管组比空肠造瘘组操作时间明显缩短,差异有统计学意义[(6.2±1.8)min vs(18.2±8.2)min,P<0.05]。鼻十二指肠管组患者的咽喉部不适发生率明显高于空肠造瘘组,差异有统计学意义(36.8% vs 16.3%,P<0.05)。两组患者在肺部感染、恶心呕吐、吻合口瘘发生率等方面比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),且均未发生术后胃排空障碍和急性胃扩张。空肠造瘘组术后2例患者出现腹壁造瘘口渗液(1例最终因渗液多而拔除),2例患者出现不全肠梗阻;鼻十二指肠管组术后1例患者因烦躁自己拔除了胃管、十二指肠营养管。 结论在食管癌Ivor-Lewis术中,应用鼻十二指肠营养管置入方法简便、创伤小、时间短、并发症少,具有良好的临床效果。     

Schroeder-Essed术治疗先天性单纯阴茎弯曲

目的 探讨Schroeder-Essed术治疗单纯性阴茎下屈畸形的疗效.方法 回顾分析1999年1月至2009年7月收治的尿道开口正常的阴茎下屈畸形患者21例,年龄3～42岁,平均13.3岁,下弯平均约15°～90°,平均45°,侧弯1例约40°.均采用Schroeder-Essed术辅以阴茎皮肤脱套的手术方法,必要时结合尿道游离以及尿道成形术治疗.结果 手术后阴茎弯曲完全纠正20例,Ⅰ型3例矫正阴茎弯曲后利用阴茎背侧包皮行Duckett尿道成形术.Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型共17例、Ⅳ型1例经Schroeder-Essed术辅以阴茎皮肤完全脱套术弯曲得到完全矫正.术后近期并发症主要为疼痛、尿道不适;远期并发症为尿瘘1例,局部皮肤感染1例,残留下弯1例(约15°)但不影响正常性生活.随访6～25个月,疗效满意.2例成年患者性生活正常.结论 Schroeder-Essed术结合阴茎皮肤脱套技术能矫正大多数单纯阴茎弯曲畸形,简便易行、并发症少,是治疗轻中度单纯阴茎下屈畸形的良好方法.     

32例十二指肠外瘘的营养支持

目的 总结十二指肠外瘘的营养治疗经验.方法 对1999年1月至2009年12月间收治的32例十二指肠外瘘患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 32例患者平均接受35.6（8～82） d的营养支持疗法,其中8例接受全肠外营养支持（TPN）,2例接受全肠内营养支持（TEN）,22例接受肠外肠内联合营养支持（PN加EN）.11例患者进行了肠液回输;28例予以谷氨酰胺强化;22例肠瘘初期加用了生长抑素.本组24例十二指肠外瘘患者经非手术治愈,自然愈合率为75.0%;8例接受手术,治愈6例,死亡2例（分别死于严重腹腔感染和多系统器官衰竭）;共计30例患者痊愈出院.结论 肠外肠内营养支持结合肠液回输、强化谷氨酰胺、生长抑素等措施,可促进十二指肠外瘘愈合.     

后路显微内窥镜（METRx^TM）下钙化型腰椎间盘突出症的治疗

目的探讨经后路显微内窥镜椎间盘切除手术系统（MED）治疗钙化型腰椎间盘突出症的适应证选择及手术技巧。方法2000年12月至2008年6月,使用后路显微内窥镜系统治疗钙化型腰椎间盘突出症25例,详细介绍了手术过程、手术适应证及操作技巧。治疗组钙化型腰椎间盘突出症与一组单纯腰椎间盘突出症MED手术组进行手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间、术后下地活动时间、恢复日常生活时间及住院费进行术后短期项目比较。结果术后短期疗效评价依照Nakai分级,优良率91．7％。治疗组有2例脑脊液漏,其中1例转为开放手术,余无严重并发症。钙化型腰椎间盘突出症与单纯腰椎间盘突出症组比较除手术时间和术中出血量差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）外,其余项目均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。治疗组行腰、腿疼平均目测视觉类比评分法（VAS评分）显示术前与术后3、6、12个月明显下降。Oswestry功能指数（ODI）术前与术后3个月比较,从术前平均45．6降至术后22．4（P〈0．01）。结论对钙化型腰椎间盘突出类型进行分类,术前评估,严格掌握适应证,熟练操作技巧是钙化型腰椎间盘突出症行MED治疗成功的关键。     

Increased expression of carbonic anhydrase I in the synovium of patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Background  

One of the most distinctive features of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is new bone formation and bone resorption at sites of chronic inflammation. Previous studies have indicated that the hyperplasia and inflammation of synovial tissues are significantly related to the pathogenic process of AS. The present study used a proteomic approach to identify novel AS-specific proteins by simultaneously comparing the expression profiles of synovial membranes from patients with AS, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA).     

Comparison of electrode location between immediate postoperative day and 6 months after bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation

Objective  

We compared the electrode positions of subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) estimated at the immediate postoperative period with those estimated 6 months after surgery.     

Sciaticum majus foramen and sciaticum minus foramen as the path of SWL in the supine position to treat distal ureteral stone

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) using sciaticum majus foramen and sciaticum minus foramen as the path to treat distal ureteral stone in supine position. Between December 2006 and November 2008, 243 cases of distal urinary calculi were treated in our department using SWL or ureteroscopy. 189 cases for SWL were treated in supine position. The shockwave target on the stone in distal ureter via sciaticum majus foramen and sciaticum minus foramen, avoiding the sacroiliac joint. 54 cases were underwent ureteroscopy combined with holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy. The stone-free rate and the efficacy quotient (EQ) for SWL and ureteroscopy was 81.5%, 0.68; 94.4%, 0.78; respectively (p = 0.02). The retreatment rate for SWL and ureteroscopy was 14.6%, 0, respectively. The number of the shocks ranged from 600 to 3,000 (mean 2,566.3 ± 378.8). The energy per pulse of SWL ranged from 8 to 12 kV (mean 10.7). SWL in the supine position using sciaticum majus foramen and sciaticum minus foramen as the path is a choice of the treatment of distal ureteral stones with an excellent success rate and low side effect.     

Prognostic value of pathologic fracture in patients with high grade localized osteosarcoma: A systemic review and meta‐analysis of cohort studies

Consensus has not been reached regarding the ability of pathologic fracture to predict local recurrence and survival in osteosarcoma. We aim to review the available evidence to examine the association between pathologic fracture and osteosarcoma prognosis. A comprehensive literature search for relevant studies published until March 2014 was performed using PubMed, Cochrane and Web of Science. The studies investigating pathologic fracture of osteosarcoma patients were systematically analyzed. The overall relative risk (RR) was estimated using a fixed‐effect model or random‐effect model according to heterogeneity between the trials. We included nine cohort studies involving 2,187 patients (311 with pathologic fracture and 1,876 without fracture) for the analysis of survival rate and local recurrence. Studies were assessed for quality using the Newcastle–Ottawa Assessment Scale. In the fixed‐effects model, the meta‐analysis showed that pathologic fracture in osteosarcoma patients predicted poor 3‐year overall survival (OS) (RR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.37–2.53, p < 0.001) and 5‐year OS (RR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.06–1.70, p = 0.016). Similarly, pathologic fracture was significantly correlated with worse 3‐year event free survival (EFS) (RR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.21–1.92, p < 0.001) and 5‐year EFS (RR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.03–1.49, p = 0.021), whereas no significant association was noted with local recurrence (RR = 1.30, 95% CI: 0.84–2.02, p = 0.233). The meta‐analysis confirmed that pathologic fracture in osteosarcoma was a prognostic marker for both OS and EFS but not for local recurrence. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:131–139, 2015.