Expression of p21(WAF1) and p53 and polymorphism of p21(WAF1) gene in gastric carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the relationship between expression of p21(WAF1) and p53 gene, and to evaluate the deletion and polymorphism of p21(WAF1) gene in gastric carcinoma (GC). METHODS: Expression of p21 and p53 proteins, and deletion and polymorphism of p21 gene in GC were examined by streptavidin-peroxidase conjugated method (SP) and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) respectively. RESULTS: The expression of p21 and p53 was found in 100% (20/20) and 0% (0/20) of normal gastric mucosae(NGM), 92.5% (37/40) and 15.0% (6/40) of dysplasia (DP) and 39.8% (43/108) and 56.5% (61/108) of GC, respectively. The positive rate of p21 in GC was lower than that in NGM and DP (P<0.05), while the positive rate of p53 in GC was higher than that in NGM and DP (P<0.05). p21 and p53 were significantly expressed in 63.3% (19/30) and 36.7% (11/30), 35.0% (14/40) and 77.5% (31/40), 26.7% (4/15) and 80.0% (12/15), 30.8% (4/13) and 30.8% (4/13), and 20.0% (2/10) and 30.0% (3/10) of well-differentiated, poorly-differentiated, undifferentiated carcinomas, mucoid carcinomas and signet ring cell carcinomas. The expression of p21 in well-differentiated carcinomas was significantly higher than that in poorly-differentiated, un-differentiated, mucoid carcinomas and signet ring cell carcinomas (P<0.05). Contrarily, The expression of p53 was increased from well-differentiated to poorly-differentiated and un-differentiated carcinomas (P<0.05). The expression of p21 and p53 in paired primary and metastatic GC (35.3% and 70.6%) was different from non-metastatic GC (62.5% and 42.5%) markedly (P<0.05). The expression of p21 in invasive superficial muscle (60.0%) was higher than that in invasive deep muscle or total layer (35.2%) (P<0.05) and was higher in TNM stages I (60.0%) and II (56.2%) than in stages III (27.9%) and IV (22.2%) (P<0.05), whereas the expression of p53 did not correlate to invasion depth or TNM staging (P>0.05). The exoression patterns of p53+/p21-, and of p53-/p21+ were found in 5.0% and 82.5% of DP. There was a significant correlation between expression of p21 and p53 (P<0.05). But there was no significant correlation between expression of both in GC (P>0.05). There was no deletion in exon 2 of p21 gene in 30 cases of GC and 45 cases of non-GC, but polymorphism of p21 gene at exon 2 was found in 26.7% (8/30) of GC and 8.9% (4/45) of non-GC, a significant difference was found between GC and non-GC (P<0.05). There was no significant relation between p21 expression of polymorphism (37.5%, 3/8) and non-polymorphism (45.5%, 10/22) in GC (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The loss of p21 protein and abnormal expression of p53 are related to carcinogenesis, differentiation and metastasis of GC. The expression of p21 is related to invasion and clinical staging in GC intimately. The expression of p21 protein depends on p53 protein largely in NGM and DP, but not in GC. No deletion of p21 gene in exon 2 can be found in GC. The polymorphism of p21 gene might be involved in gastric carcinogenesis.There is no significant association between polymorphism of p21 gene and expression of p21 protein.     

严重急性呼吸综合征传播影响因素病例对照研究

目的探讨严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)传播的影响因素。方法采用病例对照研究,分别对有明确流行病学接触史的SARS患者与密切接触者,无明确流行病学接触史的SARS患者与一般人群进行比较。结果工作环境不通风、去公共场所无戴口罩的习惯、和患者接触时不通风与SARS呈正相关;疫情流行期间未到过医院,外出不采用人口密度相对较大的公交车、地铁等交通工具与SARS负相关。结论应加强医院建设和管理,以应对传染病的流行;当与患者接触时应注意通风;疫情暴发期间到公共场所应戴口罩;患者尽量减少到医院的机会和使用人口密度相对较大的交通工具。     

Antigen-specific therapy of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by soluble class II major histocompatibility complex-peptide complexes.

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis is a T-cell-mediated, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II gene-linked autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. To develop therapies that will specifically inactivate only the autoantigen-reactive T cells, mice were treated with soluble MHC class II molecules that had been complexed with encephalitogenic peptides. Intravenous injections of 300 micrograms of complexes consisting of encephalitogenic peptide 91-103 of myelin basic protein plus I-As protein on day 0, 4, and 7 were effective in preventing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Similarly, administration of 45 micrograms of I-As protein complexed to peptide 139-151 from proteolipoprotein on day 1, 4, and 7 prevented mortality and significantly reduced paralysis induced by immunization with the encephalitogenic proteolipoprotein peptide. Histological examination of sections of animal brains revealed that treatment with I-As protein plus myelin basic protein 91-103 peptide prevents the development of inflammatory lesions characteristic of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Thus, treatment with MHC-self-peptide complexes could serve as a highly specific therapeutic modality in treating autoimmune disease when the putative autoantigen and the MHC restricting elements are known.     

"共情"护理关怀在门诊肿瘤患者诊疗中的应用

目的探讨开展"共情"护理对门诊肿瘤患者心理及依从性等方面的影响。 方法采用便利抽样法选取2016年6月至2018年5月重庆市某市属肿瘤医院门诊肿瘤患者107例，随机分为共情护理关怀组和常规护理组，两组患者分别从服务依从性、心理状态、服务满意度三个维度进行评价，其中，依从性分为优秀依从(90～100分)、基本依从(60～90分)和不依从(0～60分)，依从率＝优秀依从率＋基本依从率；心理状态评价采用症状自评量表(symptom check-list 90, SCL-90)，从焦虑、抑郁、敌对、偏执等方面进行评价；满意度方面，分别设计了就诊环境、服务态度、护患沟通等调查内容，按非常满意(95～100分)、基本满意(70～95分)和不满意(0～70分)三种结论进行统计，满意率＝非常满意率＋基本满意率。 结果共情护理关怀组的依从率、SCL-90评分、患者就医的满意度均显著高于常规护理组，各指标对比两组有显著差异(P<0.05)。 结论在肿瘤患者门诊就诊过程中，引入共情护理关怀，可提高患者门诊服务依从性、调节心理状态、提高服务满意度，有推广价值。     

抗日本血吸虫单克隆抗体的制备及其在诊断中的应用

The present paper reported on an anti-CCA monoclonal antibody, McAb-IIID 10, which could be used in determinations of both parasite-oriented circulating antigens and specific anti-CCA antibodies. The established competitive ELISA (C-ELISA) using McAb-IIID 10 to detect schistosome-antibodies showed high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of schistosomiasis with few cross-reactions. In field trials, coincident rates in 3 separate batches of serum samples when subjected to double-blind detections were obtained. A total of 1,915 serum samples had been determined by C-ELISA, among them 113 acute cases achieved a 100% positive rate, 765 chronic and 25 late cases showed 96.3% and 72% positive respectively. 70% of the 66 cured schistosomiasis cases turned to be negative. None of the 750 normal individuals showed positive reactions. No cross reaction was found in 27 sera from hydatidosis, whereas 1 and 2 positive reactions were found in 43 paragonimiasis sera and 126 clonorchiasis sera respectively. The established McAb-IIID 10 involved Dot-ELISA was found of value in the assessment of effective chemotherapy and showed a high negative conversion rate of 97.9% in 48 cured schistosomiasis patients. In 16 experimentally infected rabbits, 12 became negative in Dot-ELISA determinations at the 8th week post treatment, and the remaining 4 treated ones, the titer as well as the reaction intensity were also found reduced. A good coincidence rate was also found between C-ELISA and Dot-ELISA, their detection results may be complementary each other.     

2006年湖北省血吸虫病疫情监测结果分析

目的分析湖北省2006年国家级血吸虫病疫情监测点监测结果,为制定血吸虫病防治对策提供科学依据。方法根据《全国血吸虫病监测方案》,在湖北16个国家级监测点开展监测工作,统计与分析各项指标。结果16个监测点居民感染率为1.91%,耕牛感染率为12.06%,活螺平均密度为0.67只/0.11m2,感染螺平均密度为0.0011只/0.11m2,钉螺感染率为0.17%。结论2006年监测点的人群感染率和螺情指标均比上年有所下降,但耕牛感染状况依然严重,是湖北省血防工作的重点和难点。     

关于中药命名规范化现状与发展的思考

通过文献研究对中药饮片和中成药命名规范存在的问题和原因进行回顾与分析,提出植物的不同基原、各地处方规范和国家标准不统一等是中药命名不规范的主要原因。尽管国家已出台的相关法规和指导原则推动了中药命名规范化的进程,但缺乏通用的中成药编码系统与标准,因此建议政府相关部门制定统一标准来实现中药命名规范化,为中药的合理使用和国际化,以及全球草药的统一监管奠定基础。     

甲基强的松龙用于重症哮喘患者院前急救中的效果

目的:探讨甲基强的松龙用于重症哮喘患者院前急救中的效果。方法:选取2018年3月—2019年3月我院收治的65例重症哮喘患者为主要对象,采用随机数表法分组,对照组(n=32)在院前急救中用地塞米松,观察组(n=33)在院前急救中用甲基强的松龙,比较两组用药前后的心率、呼吸频率、临床症状评分及用药安全性。结果:两组急救后的呼吸频率和心率均明显小于抢救前,且观察组小于对照组,两组比较有显著差异;观察组临床症状评分小于对照组,两组有显著差异;经比较用药安全性,观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组,两组差异显著。结论:在重症哮喘院前急救中应用甲基强的松龙兼具有效性和安全性,可改善临床症状,提升生存质量,值得推广。