微波腔内治疗下肢静脉曲张的研究

目的:探讨微波腔内闭合大隐静脉治疗静脉曲张的临床疗效。方法:将陕西省咸阳市第一人民医院普外科收治的36例病人(40条肢体)行微波腔内闭合曲张静脉;50例(60条肢体)行传统剥脱术的病人为对照组。比较两组病人手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间及术后恢复情况。结果:两种治疗均可有效治疗下肢静脉曲张,但微波治疗组比对照组具有更短的手术时间、更少的术中出血量及更少的手术切口,且病人术后住院时间亦明显缩短,微波治疗具有更低的术后下肢瘀血发生率;且其下肢麻木发生率亦低于对照组组,但无统计学差异(P=0.13)。结论:微波腔内闭合术治疗下肢静脉曲张具有安全、操作简捷、创伤小、恢复快等优点。     

色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎的MRI诊断及随访评价

目的评价MRI在色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎(PVNS)术前诊断和鉴别诊断、治疗效果及术后随访的作用。方法回顾性分析2003年1月到2011年1月在本组临床疑诊为大关节PVNS患者的临床及影像学资料,并与关节镜或手术病理进行比较,分析PVNS的MRI影像特点、诊断正确率、误漏诊原因,以及在术后随访及复发的鉴别诊断价值。结果 66例患者的资料纳入分析,54例经过病理确诊为PVNS,男23例,女31例。其中弥漫型为46例,局限型为8例。MRI诊断为PVNS55例,52例确诊为PVNS,MRI诊断PVNS准确率78.8%;术后复发20例,MRI诊断复发准确率100%;7例术后联合放射治疗,1例放疗后病理性骨折。结论 PVNS是一个容易复发的良性滑膜增生性疾病,MRI术前及术后诊断准确率高,MRI在术后随访中具有重要的意义。     

Urodynamic studies in the evaluation of young men presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms

AIM: To evaluate the usefulness of urodynamic study in young men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). METHODS: We reviewed the charts of 50 men with LUTS aged 50 years and below. Those with neurological diseases, urethral trauma or strictures were excluded. All underwent multichannel urodynamic studies (UDS). The pre- and post-UDS diagnoses and treatment modalities were compared. RESULTS: Mean age was 38.1 years (17-49). The main pre-UDS diagnoses included prostatitis in seven (14%), overactive bladder in seventeen (34%) and benign prostatic hyperplasia in nine (18%). Pre-UDS management ranged from anticholingeric agents for thirteen (26%), alpha-adrenergic antagonists for nine (18%), antibiotics for six (12%). Abnormal UDS were noted in 36 (72%), including detrusor overactivity in 9 (18%), detrusor underactivity/acontractility in 5 (10%) and bladder outlet obstruction in 21 (42%). Fourteen (28%) had primary bladder neck dysfunction and five (10%) had benign prostatic hyperplasia. Post-UDS management included anticholingeric agents for ten (26%), alpha-adrenergic antagonists for seventeen (34%), catheterization for four (10%), behavioral therapy for three (6%), surgery for three (6%). None were prescribed antibiotics. Following UDS, the diagnosis had to be updated in 40 (80%) and concomitant change in management was required in 34 (68%). CONCLUSION: Young men presenting with LUTS have different underlying etiologies. Clinical diagnosis and treatment are often empiric and inaccurate. Urodynamic study is useful in the evaluation of this group of patients as it aids in arriving at an accurate diagnosis and guides treatment therapy.     

Human Clinical Fitting Study of the DexAide Right Ventricular Assist Device

The DexAide right ventricular assist device (RVAD) has been developed as an implantable RVAD. The purpose of this study was to determine the final design and optimal anatomical placement of the DexAide RVAD when implanted simultaneously with either of two commercially available left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) in patients. A mock-up DexAide RVAD was used to assess configuration with each of two types of commercially available LVADs at the time of LVAD implantation in three human clinical cases. The pump body of the DexAide RVAD was placed either in the preperitoneal space or in the right thoracic cavity. The DexAide RVAD placed into the right thoracic cavity is suitable for use with the Novacor or HeartMate II LVADs. The results of this study will guide the finalization of the inflow cannula and optimal placement of the DexAide RVAD for human clinical trials.     

论我国医疗美容产业的可持续发展

目的探讨我国医疗美容事业的产业化属性、经济学地位,以及如何达到全面、协调和可持续发展的大目标。方法逻辑论证。结果认识到医疗美容产业是“医疗美容经济”系统的核心要素;揭示了医疗美容产业具有“人本经济”的特征,民营医疗美容产业是发展医疗美容事业的重要力量,医疗美容产业的发展是当代中国医学美学与美容医学整体学科建设和发展的社会基础和经济基础。结论医疗美容产业的形成是医疗美容事业在社会主义市场经济条件下发展的必然趋势,同时提出了医疗美容产业健康发展的三大措施：增强产业意识;加强行业规范;实行人本管理。最终的结论是：医疗美容事业利用产业化机制,走产业化发展的道路,促进了整个社会医疗美容事业的全面、协调和可持续发展。     

雄激素抵抗型前列腺癌的新观念与治疗新方案

前列腺癌是世界上最常见的肿瘤之一,每年大约有25万新发病例。随着前列腺特异性抗原（prostate specific antigen,PSA）的出现及其应用的推广,前列腺癌在尚局限于原位、可治愈的早期阶段就可被诊断。当前在美国,约20％的原位前列腺癌患者虽经过有效的局部治疗,病情仍将继续进展、发生远处转移;而约15％的患者一开始就被诊断有远处转移。多数前列腺癌患者在一定时期内对雄激素剥夺（androgen deprivation therapy,ADT）治疗有效,然而最终几乎所有患者都将发展为“雄激素抵抗型前列腺癌”（castrate refractory prostate cancer,CRPC）,对于这些病例,     

重型颅脑损伤早期行气管切开术的临床研究

目的 探讨重型颅脑损伤早期气管切开的作用。方法 对我科自1993年1月～2004年1月收治的93例重型颅脑损伤,早期气管切开进行回顾性分析。结果 93例病人基本生活自理36例,占38．71％。生活需人照顾者15例,占16．13％。植物生存12例占12．90％。死亡30例占32．26％。结论 呼吸道不通畅、肺部感染是加重病情导致重度颅脑损伤病人死亡的重要原因之一。对估计近期不能清醒、有原发性肺部疾患、合并胸部外伤者．应早期行气管切开术。保持呼吸道通畅可明显降低重型颅脑损伤患者的死亡率,提高治愈和生存率。     

Systemic activation of integrin alphaVbeta3 in donors with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage is associated with subsequent development of vasculopathy in the heart transplant recipient.

BACKGROUND: Recipients of hearts from donors with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are at increased risk of allograft vasculopathy compared with trauma donors. We have recently shown that the vitronectin receptor (integrin alpha(V)beta3) is upregulated in transplant vasculopathy. We hypothesized that donor ICH is associated with systemic activation of alpha(V)beta3 in the donor before transplantation. METHODS: We evaluated mRNA expressions of alpha(V)beta3 (TaqMan PCR) in endomyocardial biopsy samples at 1-week post-transplant in 20 recipients from ICH donors and 20 recipients from trauma donors. To investigate whether systemic activation of alpha(V)beta3 was present in the donor before transplantation, alpha(V)beta3 expression was also evaluated in the corresponding donor spleen lymphocytes. All patients underwent serial coronary intravascular ultrasound to evaluate for coronary vasculopathy. The baseline characteristics were similar except for increased donor age in the ICH Group. RESULTS: The ICH Group showed significant increased mRNA expression of alpha(V)beta3 in the heart biopsy samples (3.8-fold, p = 0.012) and in the corresponding donor spleen lymphocytes (3.5-fold, p = 0.014) compared with the Trauma Group. At 1 year, the ICH Group also showed increased progression of coronary vasculopathy. Multivariate regression analysis found that donor lymphocytic alpha(V)beta3 mRNA expression was independently associated with increased risk of vasculopathy (odds ratio, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.21-3.98, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Our report demonstrates the presence of systemic activation of alpha(V)beta3 in donors with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage and its association with the subsequent development of allograft vasculopathy in the recipient.     

The effect of combined Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and calcium antagonism on allograft coronary vasculopathy validated by intravascular ultrasound.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a potential risk factor for allograft coronary vasculopathy. We evaluated the efficacy of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and calcium antagonists, and their combined use, on the development of coronary vasculopathy in hypertensive heart transplant recipients. METHODS: Eighty-two heart transplant recipients underwent serial intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) analysis at baseline (within 1 month) and at 1 year after transplantation and were evaluated for the development of coronary vasculopathy. Patients were divided into 4 groups. Nineteen normotensive recipients received no treatment, control (Group A). Hypertensive patients were treated with either ACE inhibitors (Group B, n = 37), calcium antagonists (Group C, n = 16), or both (Group D, n = 10). RESULTS: We found a significant reduction in IVUS indices of coronary vasculopathy in heart transplant recipients who used a combination of an ACE inhibitor and a calcium antagonist compared with recipients who used either drug alone (p < 0.05). This synergistic efficacy was independent of the baseline indices evaluated in a multivariate regression analysis model and was noted despite comparable mean arterial pressure among the 3 hypertensive groups at 1 year, thus suggesting the presence of a synergistic anti-proliferative effect beyond the anti-hypertensive efficacy. CONCLUSIONS: The combined use of an ACE inhibitor and a calcium antagonist is more effective than the individual use of either drug alone on the development of coronary vasculopathy in cardiac transplant recipients. Large randomized clinical trials are warranted to evaluate such a synergistic efficacy.