Evaluation of cochlear nerve size by magnetic resonance imaging in elderly patients with sensorineural hearing loss

Purpose

We aimed to determine any differences, if present, between the cross-sectional area of the cochlear nerve (CN) of elderly patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and of young patients with normal hearing.

Materials and methods

The study group included ten patients with age-related SNHL. Fourteen volunteer individuals with normal hearing were recruited as the control group. T1-weighted, T2-weighted and parasagittal three-dimensional Fourier transformation constructive interference in steady state (3DFT-CISS) reconstruction images of all cases were evaluated. Images were examined for any abnormality of CN. The data obtained for each ear with clinical, radiological and audiometric examinations were evaluated.

Results

The mean CN cross-sectional area was measured as 0.0252 cm² in the control group, whereas that in the SNHL group was 0.0232 cm². Although speech discrimination scores showed significant differences, no statistically significant difference was observed for the CN cross-sectional area (p=0.0616). Likewise, there was no difference in CN calibre between male and female patients.

Conclusions

The 3DFT-CISS sequence yields superior results in CN imaging. Acquired SNHL may not present with significant changes in CN size on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).     

335例慢性前列腺炎中西药治疗效果的对比

目的　慢性前列腺炎是目前常见而又难治愈的一种男性疾病 ,为寻求一种治疗快、经济高效的方案。作者随机设置了三组 (中药栓剂肛门给药治疗组、西药前列腺穿刺局部封闭治疗组、中西结合治疗组 )共 335例患者进行治疗对比。结果　中药治疗组治疗 5 8人 ,平均年龄 2 9 6 4岁 ,治愈 5例 ,治愈率 5 1%;西药治疗组治疗 196人 ,平均年龄 2 9 5 8岁 ,治愈 184人 ,治愈率 93 9%,中西结合治疗组治疗 81人 ,平均年龄 30 6 7岁 ,治愈 78人 ,治愈率 96 3%。经统计学t检验 ,中药组与西药组、中西药组差异具有显著性意义 (P <0 0 0 1) ,西药组与中西药组差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　三组的平均年龄无明显差异 ,从治愈率看 ,中药组明显偏低 ,西药组与中西结合组治愈率高而无明显差异 ,所以从治愈率和经济方面考虑单用西药局封前列腺治疗是一种较理想的手段。     

Graft-versus-host reaction affecting lesional skin but not normal skin in a patient with piebaldism

Summary A case of graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) arising solely within an area affected by piebaldism is described. The patient, a 35-year-old woman with a single hypopigmented patch on the right leg present since birth, had received an allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) from an HLA-identical sibling donor, for treatment of a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Beginning on day + 38 post-BMT, the patch developed changes which were histologically consistent with GVHD. Syngeneic mixed epidermal cell-lymphocyte reaction (MECLR) testing of tissue from the patch, and from adjacent normal skin, showed differences which suggest that piebaldism-affected skin is immunologically different from normal skin. These findings may offer new insight into the pathophysiology of this disorder.     

北京市412例儿童18年后血压纵向对照调查

目的：探讨血压由儿童期至成年期的轨迹变化规律。方法：对1987年开展的"北京地区儿童血压研究"队列人群于2005年进行追访,采用同样的方法测量血压并进行心血管相关因素的健康体检。结果：（1）18年间平均收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）水平均随年龄增长而增长,增长幅度表现为SBP>DBP ,男性>女性。青春期前,男女血压均随年龄增长而增长,青春期后,血压增长幅度减缓,男性仍随年龄增加而增加,女性随年龄变化趋势不明显。（2）儿童期血压与成年期血压呈现正相关关系,控制成年BMI和身高,男性两时期SBP偏相关系数为0.23（P<0.01）,DBP偏相关系数为0.29（P<0.01）;女性SBP偏相关系数0.38（P<0.01）,DBP偏相关系数为0.19（P<0.01）。（3）分别按儿童SBP/DBP     

虚性便秘的研究思路

对近年来中西医对便秘的研究状况进行简单回顾,认为现代医学对便秘流行病学、发病机制的研究已取得了一定进展,但尚需加强。治疗上,中医药有着独特疗效,特别是对虚性便秘,且具有不易引起药物依赖性的优势,但其治疗机制不清。目前已有研究提示,与胃肠运动有关脑肠肽的分泌及表达异常与便秘密切相关,因此从该角度深入探讨中药治疗便秘获效的作用靶点可能对其机制的阐明有较好的启示作用。     

Trizivir^TM治疗80例HIV／AIDS患者临床研究

目的1．评估Trizivir^TM（AZT＋3TC＋ABC，TZV）治疗中国HIV／AIDS患者的疗效和安全性；2．HIV／AIDS患者的依从性；3．考察中国社区内HIV／AIDS患者服用固定剂量三联片治疗的可行性。方法80例HIV／AIDS患者进入治疗组。是一项单中心、开放式、无对照的临床试验。患者接受36个月的治疗，在治疗1，2，3，4，5，6，9，12，18，24，30和36个月按时到门诊随访。结果57例（71．3％）患者完成36个月治疗随访，23例（28．7％）在治疗过程中因药物不良反应、机会性感染复发、依从性不好或治疗失败而退出。57例治疗36个月后，CD4＋ T淋巴细胞计数平均增加252／μL，93．0％的患者显示病毒载量〈400拷贝／mL。在36个月的治疗期间，有4例患者出现耐药。结论TZV抗病毒效果显著，对于病毒载量〉500000拷贝／mL的患者也有很好的效果，CD4＋T淋巴细胞计数均显示明显增加。TZV不良反应较少，与其他药物的相互作用较少，服用方便，患者服药依从性好，对某些患者尤其有毒瘾者不失为一种可以选用的治疗方案。     

857-860Anti-inflammatory Effect of Magnolol,Isolated from Magnolia officinalis,on A23187-induced Pleurisy in Mice

In the present study, A23187-induced pleurisy in mice was used to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of magnolol, a phenolic compound isolated from Chinese medicine Hou p'u (cortex of Magnolia officinalis). A23187-induced protein leakage was reduced by magnolol (10mgkg^?1, i.p.), indomethacin (10mgkg^?1, i.p.) and BW755C (30mgkg^?1, i.p.). A23187-induced polymorphonuclear (PMN) leucocyte infiltration in the pleural cavity was suppressed by magnolol and BW755C, while enhanced by indomethacin. Like BW755C, magnolol reduced both prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) and leukotriene B₄ (LTB₄) levels in the pleural fluid of A23187-induced pleurisy, while indomethacin reduced PGE₂ but increased LTB₄ formation. In the rat isolated peripheral neutrophil suspension, magnolol (3.7 μM) and BW755C (10 μM) also suppressed the A23187-induced thromboxane B₂ (TXB₂) and LTB₄ formation. These results suggest that magnolol, like BW755C, might be a dual cyclo-oxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibitor. The inhibitory effect of magnolol on the A23187-induced pleurisy is proposed to be, at least partly, dependent on the reduction of the formation of eicosanoids mediators in the inflammatory site.