软组织扩张中扩张囊内外的细菌学分析

目的研究软组织扩张术患者扩张囊内、外的细菌数量及种类，为临床上防治扩张术感染提供依据。方法连续采集33例扩张术患者的51枚扩张囊内、外的液体标本，进行常规细菌培养和药敏试验，并将其结果进行统计学处理，采用Y0检验和Kappa检验。结果扩张囊内、外的细菌检出率分别为3．92％（2枚）、17．65％（9枚），囊外阳性率显著高于囊内（P〈0．05），囊内、外细菌的检出结果一致性较差（Kappa〈0．4）。细菌种类为金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌，对庆大霉素、去甲万古霉素、环丙沙星均敏感。33例患者（51枚）中，有10例患者（10枚）检出细菌，仅有1例患者（1枚）出现临床感染症状，致病菌为金黄色葡萄球菌。结论严格消毒后进行穿刺注水导致感染的几率很低，而感染后的细菌培养和药敏试验是治疗的关键。     

大鼠胸腺降黑素受体的鉴定及生物学特性

应用放射配体结合法证实大鼠胸腺内存在降黑素特异结合部位，该结合位点可以满足特异结合部位的基本条件：１．低结合容量；２．高亲和力；３．可饱和性；４．可逆性；５．对降黑素高度特异性。此外，该特异结合位点具昼夜节律；亚细胞分布的研究表明以细胞核含量最高，线粒体次之，并具有年龄依赖性降低，以出生时最高。     

Conservative management of early endometrial adenocarcinoma with repeat curettage and hormone therapy under assistance of hysteroscopy and laparoscopy

We report a rare case of early-stage endometrial adenocarcinoma in a 22 year old nullipara with polycystic ovaries undergoing conservative treatment. Pretreatment evaluation including tumour grade, depth of myometrial invasion, tumour size, hormone receptor status and flow cytometric analysis indicated a favourable prognosis. The patient underwent repeat endometrial curettage and a 6 month period of therapy with megestrol acetate and tamoxifen. A combination contraceptive pill was then prescribed to ensure withdrawal of the menstrual cycle thereafter. Now, 1 year after the last curettage, there is no evidence of disease. During the treatment period, hysteroscopy allowed for a more precise approach in panoramically examining the tumour nest in the endometrial cavity, and the subsequent endometrial response to hormone therapy. Laparoscopy using bulldog clamps applied to the isthmic portion of the Fallopian tubes prevented i.p. spread of endometrial tissue from retrograde regurgitation during hysteroscopy. Laparoscopic ovarian electrocautery resulted in the reduction of abnormal hypervascularization on the surface of polycystic ovaries postoperatively but caused a peri-ovarian adhesion complication. It is interesting that this case posed a unique opportunity to demonstrate the tumour regression under the assistance of laparoscopy and hysteroscopy.      

巢式序列特异性引物PCR方法检测HLA单倍体相合供受者间母胎微嵌合的临床应用研究

目的探索临床应用巢式序列特异性引物聚合酶链式反应（PCR-SSP）方法检测HLA单倍体相合供受者间母胎微嵌合状态的可行性。方法选取25对拟行HLA单倍体相合造血干细胞移植治疗的实体肿瘤患者及其供者,供受者为母子关系15例,父子关系10例。采集供受者外周血提取基因组DNA,采用巢式PCR-SSP方法检测患者外周血中供者来源的HLA-DRB1位点,并计算母胎微嵌合阳性率。随机选取经巢式PCR-SSP证实嵌合阳性和阴性且供受者性别不同的患者各4例,采用荧光原位杂交（FISH）技术进行重复检测,并与巢式PCR-SSP方法的检测阳性率进行比较,同时采用噻唑蓝法检测这8例患者分别与其亲缘供者和HLA完全不相合无关第3人之间的混合淋巴细胞增殖反应（MLR）,并计算增殖指数（SI）。结果巢式PCR-SSP方法灵敏度可高达0.001%,并具有较好的特异性。巢式PCR-SSP检测显示,在母子移植关系患者中母胎微嵌合阳性检出率为40%（6/15）,而在父子移植关系患者中母胎微嵌合阳性检出率为0。巢式PCR-SSP方法的检测灵敏度与FISH技术相比明显增高,其检测阳性率分别为50%（4/8）和12.5%（1/8）。MLR检测显示,嵌合阳性患者对其亲缘供者和无关第3人外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）的SI分别为（0.949±0.023）、（1.320±0.095）,嵌合阴性患者对其亲缘供者和无关第3人PBMC的SI分别为（1.133±0.036）、（1.245±0.069）;嵌合阳性患者对其亲缘供者PBMC的增殖反应强度与嵌合阴性患者相比明显降低（P=0.001）,并且也显著低于其对无关第3人PBMC的增殖反应强度（P=0.003）。结论巢式PCR-SSP方法灵敏度高、特异性好,适用于临床HLA单倍体相合供受者间母胎微嵌合状态的快速检测。     

Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumor in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated smooth muscle tumor (SMT) is a recognized but uncommon disease that is found to occur in patients with immunocompromised conditions such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). These tumors may be multifocal and located at unusual sites, such as the brain and liver. This report describes the case of 2 AIDS patients with EBV-associated SMT and highlights the features and outcome of this rare but potentially important tumor in human immunodeficiency virus management.     

Reversible Photo‐Mechanical Switching Behavior of Azobenzene‐Containing Semi‐Interpenetrating Network under UV and Visible Light Irradiation

Summary: Light‐induced reversible changes in elasticity of semi‐interpenetrating network (semi‐IPN) films bearing azobenzene moieties were achieved under both ultraviolet (UV) and visible light irradiation. The semi‐IPN film was prepared by a cationic copolymerization of azobenzene‐containing vinyl ethers in a linear polycarbonate (PC) film as a matrix. When the irradiation was switched on and off, the semi‐IPN film showed rapid reversible deformation with the same behavior occurring over a range of wavelengths, including both the UV and visible regions. The observed reversible deformation of the film was attributed to the decrease in the film's elasticity, which was assumed to be caused by the frequent trans‐cis cycling isomerization of azobenzene moieties taking place during the UV and visible light irradiation. This cycling makes it difficult for the azobenzene groups to aggregate, thus hindering their ability to function as pseudo‐crosslinking points.

     

长效可逆避孕措施在人工流产后即刻实施的效果评价

目的探究长效可逆避孕措施在人工流产后即刻实施的效果。方法从2017年7月-2018年7月,抽选在广州市增城区妇幼保健院行人工流产女性1200例,按照随机数字表法分为常规组(612例)和强化干预组(588例)。常规组给予常规流产后关爱(PAC)服务,强化干预组在常规PAC服务的基础上采用长效可逆避孕措施。对比两组长效可逆避孕措施使用情况、重复人工流产率以及避孕措施的持续时间情况。结果强化干预组的高效避孕措施使用率比常规组更高,同时重复人工流产率比常规组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);强化干预组长效可逆避孕措施LARC(IUS/IUD)避孕术后6个月、1年使用率明显高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);复方口服避孕药优思悦(COC)避孕术后3个月、6个月、1年的使用率比常规组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论人工流产后即刻实施长效可逆避孕措施,可提升高效避孕措施的使用率,减少意外妊娠及再次人工流产的几率,值得推广。     

颈上交感神经节和单涎酸神经节苷脂联合移植抗帕金森病的实验研究

目的：观察颈上交感神经节（SCG）和单涎酸神经节苷酯（GM1）联合植入帕金森病（PD）大鼠脑内的抗PD效果及移植物的存活情况。方法：将用酶消化法制成的同种大鼠SCG细胞悬液和GM1立体定向植入PD大鼠损毁侧尾壳核内,比较单纯细胞移植组,联合移植组,上清液组和非移植组间及移植前,后诱发旋转行为的变化,移植6个月后移植区行组织学检查（HE,TH染色）。结果：两个实验组中的PD大鼠移植后的旋转行为较移植前和对照组明显改善,其中尤以联合移植组的旋转行为减少最为明显,而两个对照组的改善不明显,脑切片组织学观察可见实验组移植区内有存活良好的TH阳性细胞,联合移植组中的阳性细胞数目明显多于单纯细胞移植组。结论：1．GM1可提高SCG细胞在受体脑内的存活率,2．同种成年大鼠SCG细胞植入PD大鼠脑内可以存活,并可纠正PD大鼠的异常旋转行为。     

玉米浆用量、渗透压和耗糖速率对甘油发酵的影响

Candida krusei发酵生产甘油过程中,菌体生长由玉米浆限制,菌体对玉米浆的得率为1．63g/g,培养其中玉米浆浓度相同时,增加渗透压或通过流加补料限制生长阶段的菌体生长,可使甘油生产阶段的比耗糖速率减慢,比耗糖速率保持在不很高的水平,可以因消耗的葡萄糖用于生长,维持,甘油和副产物形成所占比例的变化而提高甘油得率。     

顺铂引起卵巢癌细胞周期变化及凋亡的观察

目的 :了解顺铂 (DDP)引起卵巢癌细胞COC1、COC1/DDP细胞周期变化及凋亡规律。方法 :用光镜、电镜及流式细胞术等方法观察细胞凋亡规律及进行细胞周期分析。结果 :DDP引起COC1、COC1/DDP细胞周期变化主要表现为S期阻滞 ,P <0 .0 1;细胞死亡方式主要是凋亡 ,凋亡细胞发生在S期 ,P <0 .0 1;COC1、COC1/DDP细胞凋亡率不同 ,COC1凋亡率高 ,两组相比差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :DDP引起COC1、COC1/DDP细胞S期阻滞、S期细胞凋亡 ,细胞凋亡与获得性耐药有关