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Dara A. Al-Disi Nasser M. Al-Daghri Nasiruddin Khan Assim A. Alfadda Reem M. Sallam Mohammed Alsaif Shaun Sabico Gyanendra Tripathi Philip G. McTernan 《Nutrients》2015,7(8):6375-6389
This study determined the effects of a high-fat meal on circulating endotoxin and cardiometabolic indices in adult Arab women. The cohort consisted of 92 consenting Saudi women (18 non-diabetic (ND)) control subjects; Age 24.4 ± 7.9 year; body mass index (BMI) 22.2 ± 2.2 Kg/m2), 24 overweight/obese (referred to as overweight-plus (overweight+)) subjects (Age 32.0 ± 7.8 year; BMI 28.5 ± 1.5 Kg/m2) and 50 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients (Age 41.5 ± 6.2 year; BMI 35.2 ± 7.7 Kg/m2). All were given a high-fat meal (standardized meal: 75 g fat, 5 g carbohydrate, 6 g protein) after an overnight fast of 12–14 h. Anthropometrics were obtained and fasting blood glucose, lipids, and endotoxin were serially measured for four consecutive postprandial hours. Endotoxin levels were significantly elevated prior to a high-fat meal in the overweight+ and T2DM than the controls (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the postprandial cardiometabolic changes led to a more detrimental risk profile in T2DM subjects than other groups, with serial changes most notable in glucose, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol), and insulin levels (p-values < 0.05). The same single meal given to subjects with different metabolic states had varying impacts on cardiometabolic health. Endotoxemia is exacerbated by a high-fat meal in Arab subjects with T2DM, accompanied by a parallel increase in cardiometabolic risk profile, suggesting disparity in disease pathogenesis of those with or without T2DM through the altered cardiometabolic risk profile rather than variance in metabolic endotoxinaemia with a high-fat meal. 相似文献
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Mikhail-Paul Cardinal Samuel Blais Anne Dumas Vincent Hamilton Eric Larose Stéphanie LeBlanc Julie Déry Heynric Grotenhuis Tim Leiner Wadi Mawad Cassandre Têtu Steven C. Greenway Nicole Dahl David Patton Arif Hussain Christian Drolet Gérald Gahide Paul Farand Frederic Dallaire 《The Canadian journal of cardiology》2021,37(3):417-424
BackgroundReference values for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) in children and young adults are scarce. This leads to risk stratification of patients with congenital heart diseases being based on volumes indexed to body surface area (BSA). We aimed to produce cMRI Z score equations for ventricular volumes in children and young adults and to test whether indexing to BSA resulted in an incorrect assessment of ventricular dilation according to sex, body composition, and growth.MethodsWe retrospectively included 372 subjects aged < 26 years with either normal hearts or conditions with no impact on ventricular volumes (reference group), and 205 subjects with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) aged < 26 years. We generated Z score equations by means of multivariable regression modelling. Right ventricular dilation was assessed with the use of Z scores and compared with indexing to BSA in TOF subjects.ResultsVentricular volume Z scores were independent from age, sex, and anthropometric measurements, although volumes indexed to BSA showed significant residual association with sex and body size. In TOF subjects, indexing overestimated dilation in growing children and underestimated dilation in female compared with male subjects, and in overweight compared with lean subjects.ConclusionsIndexed ventricular volumes measured with cMRI did not completely adjust for body size and resulted in a differential error in the assessment of ventricular dilation according to sex and body size. Our proposed Z score equations solved this problem. Future studies should evaluate if ventricular volumes expressed as Z scores have a better prognostic value than volumes indexed to BSA. 相似文献
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Shi Hong Kai Chook Shaun Leow Lowell Lim Shir Lynn Ramanathan Kollengode Kofidis Theo Kang Giap Swee 《Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis》2021,52(2):680-682
Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - We present a novel case of a patient with nephrotic syndrome and previous left pneumonectomy who had a massive pulmonary embolism of his remnant right... 相似文献
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OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of budesonide administered once daily compared to twice daily in asthma. METHODOLOGY: Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials comparing budesonide administered once versus twice a day that presented data on at least one clinical outcome measure was conducted. RESULTS: A total of 10 studies, with 1922 children and adults with asthma, met the inclusion criteria. These studies were performed predominantly with mild to moderate asthmatic patients, using doses of budesonide ranging from 200 to 800 microg per day. There was no significant difference between daily dosing once or twice for all the clinical outcome variables, including withdrawals due to asthma, for which the odds ratio was 1.0 (95% confidence interval, 0.65-1.52). CONCLUSIONS: In mild to moderate asthma a once-daily budesonide regimen has a similar efficacy to a twice-daily regimen in doses up to 800 microg per day. A once-daily regimen has potential advantages in terms of patient compliance and satisfaction, when used in clinical practice. 相似文献
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Ryckman C McColl SR Vandal K de Médicis R Lussier A Poubelle PE Tessier PA 《Arthritis and rheumatism》2003,48(8):2310-2320
OBJECTIVE: To examine the role of chemokines, S100A8, and S100A9 in neutrophil accumulation induced by the causative agent of gout, monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystals. METHODS: MSU crystal-induced neutrophil migration was studied in the murine air-pouch model. Release of chemokines, S100A8, S100A9, and S100A8/A9 in response to MSU crystals was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Recruited cells were counted following acetic blue staining, and the subpopulations were characterized by Wright-Giemsa staining of cytospins. RESULTS: MSU crystals induced the accumulation of neutrophils following injection in the air pouch, which correlated with the release of the chemokines CXCL1, CXCL2, CCL2, and CCL3. However, none of these was found to play an important role in neutrophil migration induced by MSU crystals by passive immunization with antibodies directed against each chemokine. S100A8, S100A9, and S100A8/A9 were also found at high levels in the pouch exudates following injection of MSU crystals. In addition, injection of S100A8, S100A9, or S100A8/A9 led to the accumulation of neutrophils in the murine air pouch, demonstrating their proinflammatory activities in vivo. Passive immunization with anti-S100A8 and anti-S100A9 led to a total inhibition of the accumulation of neutrophils. Finally, S100A8/A9 was found at high concentrations in the synovial fluid of patients with gout. CONCLUSION: S100A8 and S100A8/A9 are essential to neutrophil migration induced by MSU crystals. These results suggest that they might be involved in the pathogenesis of gout. 相似文献