Septic arthritis of the knee due to Prevotella loescheii following tooth extraction

This is a case report of septic arthritis of the knee due to Prevotella loescheii, in a patient with advanced arthrosis. Two weeks beforehand he had undergone a dental root extraction without antibiotic prophylaxis. His knee had become inflamed 48 hours after extraction and he was started on ibuprofen and steroid treatment (prescribed by his primary health care doctor). With a provisional diagnosis of septic arthritis, synovial fluid was taken for study. Antimicrobial therapy was commenced with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and the patient progressed satisfactorily. Prevotella loescheii was identified by anaerobic culture. A site of origin for the infection was never found. Joint infection is generally secondary to haematogenous dissemination of bacteria from habitual sites such as odontogenic locations. We suggest that patients with inflammatory arthropathies should be considered as candidates for antibiotic prophylaxis in oral surgery and invasive dental procedures. We suggest, in these cases, the use of antibiotic with spectrum against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.     

Pneumococcal endocarditis in children

Endocarditis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in children is an infrecuent disease, corresponding to 3-7 % of all cases reported. Pneumococcal endocarditis is a serious condition with a rapidly destructive nature and high fatality rate, demanding prompt medical and surgical treatment. We report a case an infant eleven years old who was admitted with endocarditis by S. pneumoniae, who presented with hearth failure and required surgery. A review of the literature of endocarditis caused by S. pneumoniae is presented.     

Intervention de gestion du stress par Internet chez les étudiants : revue de la littérature

Internet has become an indispensable tool in the field of self-help. The intervention of Internet stress management is one of this: it is based on participation in an accessible online program to offer assistance, intervention to the therapeutic aim. This type of intervention presents several advantages. It reduced the cost in terms of time and expenses, the possibility to disseminate widely, and therefore in an economic way to a big part of the population, and increased availability with access at all time of the day, and guaranteed confidentiality to participants. The review of the literature in this area has enabled us to find six articles on the programs whose effectiveness is studied on students. This work presents the methodologies and stress management techniques most frequently proposed, aspect of efficiency, as well as the interest and limits of such interventions. Four studies out of 6 were randomized. Five studies are based on a sample of students, workers and the unemployed. The number of participants in the samples floats between 95 and 904; the first 5 studies measure the effect of the intervention and the last deals with the problem of maintenance over time of the program. Among the first 5 studies, 3 showed that the program was effective and realized its goal, while 2 others saw the programs as a complementary treatment or possessing potentially beneficial effects. All studies reflect the necessity to conduct further studies to resolve the methodological issues. The contributions, limitations and shortages of these interventions were discussed.     

The Long-Term Follow-Up and Complications Associated with Urinary Diversion in the Cancer Survivor

Over 60 % of patients can experience some type of long-term complication after radical cystectomy and urinary diversion (UD). However, assessment of late complications is challenging due to limited long-term available data for follow-up, different surgical techniques of UD, and selection bias towards diversion type. The aim of this article was to perform a systematic review and classify long-term complications from UD after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. Renal insufficiency is the most commonly reported high grade adverse event, followed by ureteroenteric anastomotic strictures and bowel complications. Urinary infections are very common and challenging to assess given the presence of colonization and vague symptoms that can be associated to this diagnosis and pyelonephritis if presence of flank pain. Common complications by diversion type include stones, stomal stenosis, or parastomal hernia for urinary conduit and continent cutaneous urinary diversions, as well as urinary incontinence for orthotopic neobladder. Long-term complications are common after radical cystectomy and urinary diversion. Follow-up should be implemented for life to survey for complications. Improving access to these patients and communication with their local practitioners or local urologists when referred back to specialized urology clinic is fundamental to manage these long-term complications.     

“Above the Influence”: How College Students Communicate About the Healthy Deviance of Alcohol Abstinence

Consumption of alcohol is widespread in U.S. culture, particularly among college students. Using a communication privacy management framework (Petronio, 2002 Petronio, S. 2002. Boundaries of privacy: Dialectics of disclosure, Albany: State University of New York Press.  [Google Scholar]), this study examined how college students who abstain from alcohol negotiate communication of their nondrinking status and establish meaning in a culture in which drinking is the norm. Through 25 face-to-face interviews, this article explores the experiences of “healthy deviants”—individuals who engage in healthy behavior that violates traditional norms. Interviews identified that participants relied on privacy rules when determining whether and how to disclose their nondrinking status. If participants perceived more costs from the disclosure than rewards, they did not disclose. Participants enacted specific strategies to manage (non)disclosure of their abstinence from alcohol, providing practical ways for people who engage in healthy deviance to avoid or manage stigma.     

Innate immunity in vertebrates: an overview

Innate immunity is a semi‐specific and widely distributed form of immunity, which represents the first line of defence against pathogens. This type of immunity is critical to maintain homeostasis and prevent microbe invasion, eliminating a great variety of pathogens and contributing with the activation of the adaptive immune response. The components of innate immunity include physical and chemical barriers, humoral and cell‐mediated components, which are present in all jawed vertebrates. The understanding of innate defence mechanisms in non‐mammalian vertebrates is the key to comprehend the general picture of vertebrate innate immunity and its evolutionary history. This is also essential for the identification of new molecules with applications in immunopharmacology and immunotherapy. In this review, we describe and discuss the main elements of vertebrate innate immunity, presenting core findings in this field and identifying areas that need further investigation.     

Marinobufagenin levels in preeclamptic patients: a preliminary report

Preeclampsia is a disorder resulting in significant fetomaternal complications with no definitive pharmacological intervention. A bufadienolide, marinobufagenin, has been implicated in the etiology of preeclampsia. We investigated both the blood and urine levels of marinobufagenin in preeclamptic and control subjects. Preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women were recruited at various gestational age periods. Blood and urine specimens were obtained and analyzed for marinobufagenin levels and creatinine. The former determination was performed utilizing a new, novel chemifluorescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The marinobufagenin levels were higher in preeclamptics than in the controls in both serum and urine at various gestational age periods. Additionally, the mean level of marinobufagenin in the preeclamptic group was significantly greater than in controls in both blood and urine specimens ( P?相似文献