肉鸡对不同形态锰源的生物利用率研究

目的 :　研究肉仔鸡对不同形态锰源的相对生物学利用率。方法 :　将 62 4只 1日龄肉公鸡随机分为 1 3组 ,分别饲不添加锰的基础饲粮 (对照组 )或以不同锰化合物添加 60、1 2 0、1 80 mg/ kg锰的试验饲粮 2 1 d。结果 :　肉鸡生长性能各指标和腿病发生率以及肉鸡的跖骨灰锰含量、心肌细胞线粒体中 Mn SOD活性均未受到添加锰源以及锰源与锰水平互作的显著影响 ,但受到添加锰水平的显著影响。肉鸡心肌含锰量和 Mn SOD m RNA水平均未受到添加锰源与锰水平互作的显著影响 ,但受到添加锰源及添加锰水平的显著影响。其中中等和强络合强度有机锰源的生物学利用率明显高于无机硫酸锰和弱络合强度有机锰源。结论 :　中等和强络合强度的复合氨基酸锰对肉仔鸡的生物学利用率明显优于无机硫酸锰和弱络合强度的蛋氨酸锰     

Fulminant malignant hyperthermia associated with ketoacidotic diabetic coma

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) in humans is usually triggered by volatile anaesthetics and depolarizing muscle relaxants. However, other factors or drugs (e.g. cresol) are thought to induce MH. We report a case of fulminant MH associated with a ketoacidotic diabetic coma. After therapy for diabetic coma with insulin (containing the preservative cresol) and electrolyte solutions was started, the patient complained of increasing myalgia, developed a high fever and respiratory and metabolic acidosis and lost consciousness. MH was treated immediately with dantrolene; the patient recovered within 14 days. Five months later the patient was diagnosed as MH-susceptible by the in vitro caffeine and halothane contracture test. This case supports the assessment that MH and diabetes are associated diseases and that cresol could possibly trigger MH. Furthermore, therapy with dantrolene has been demonstrated to the beneficial in the treatment of MH associated with diabetic coma.     

视盘血管炎——关于混合型的研讨

对６０例（６３眼）视盘血管炎的临床分型进行了探讨，结果表明，除分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ两型外，尚存在混合型，当视盘睫状血管炎性病变波及中央静脉，或两个血管系统同时受炎症侵犯时，即可再现混合型的临床表现，视盘明显水肿，视网膜静脉迂张，散在渗出，出血，动脉狭细。眼底荧光血管造影可见视盘荧光早期充盈明显迟缓，后期渗漏面积〉２．０ＰＤ，视网膜循环时间延长，混合型兼有Ⅰ，Ⅱ两型的临床特征，应作为一个独立类型存在，同时观察     

Cytological detection of epithelial dysplasia in the oral mucosa using Feulgen-DNA-image cytometry

Cytological scrape material of the oral mucosa from 114 patients with epithelial dysplasia and with oral cancer was stained with the Feulgen-reaction and investigated with an image analyzer. The size and the integrated optical density of cell nuclei, and four chromatin texture features were measured. All tumor slides contained cell nuclei with DNA greater than 5c, 16% of the slides had cell nuclei with DNA greater than 8c. A total of 14.5% of the tumor patients showed significantly increased DNA values in nuclei distant from the tumor. Two smears with severe epithelial dysplasia showed nuclei with DNA greater than 5c both in the tumor material and far from the tumor. Texture analysis allowed discrimination between benign, dysplastic and malignant smears. No correlation was found between DNA content and tumor staging. Image cytometry was a reliable method for detecting tumor cells. Epithelial dysplasia in areas distant from the tumor is probably due to "field canceration" of the epithelium.     

Metachronous and multiple aneurysmal bone cysts: a rare variant of primary aneurysmal bone cysts

In 1942, Jaffe and Lichtenstein introduced the term aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC). Primary ABC is characterized by the presence of spongy or multi-cameral cystic tissue filled with blood. The process is benign, but it is locally destructive and has a high propensity for recurrence. In this paper, we present the third case of multiple metachronous primary ABCs as a rare variant of ABC. We describe the 10-year history of a 12-year-old boy with metachronous multiple primary ABCs at five different sites (right proximal humerus, right ulna, bilateral distal radius and right lateral clavicle). Furthermore, our patient suffered from vascular malformations, such as aortic isthmus stenosis, hypoplastic thoraco-abdominal aorta and bilateral renal artery stenosis. To date, in contrast to solitary ABC, the multiple lesions have been found more frequently in male individuals. Using interphase cytogenetics, we analyzed three of five of the patients ABCs and one of these was also analyzed by GTG-banding. No chromosomal abnormalities were found. Significantly, we excluded the missense mutation of codon 201 in guanine nucleotide-binding protein 1 gene consistently found in McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) and in non-MAS cases of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia of bone with or without secondary ABC.     

Nonmyeloablative bone marrow transplantation: Infectious complications in 65 recipients of HLA-identical and mismatched transplants.

Infections are a common complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and the leading cause of transplantation-related mortality. It had been hypothesized that transplantation following nonmyeloablative preparative regimens would result in fewer infections by causing less mucosal injury, less graft-versus-host disease, and allowing earlier immune reconstitution. We have retrospectively reviewed the infectious complications of 65 consecutive patients with advanced hematologic malignancies who underwent bone marrow transplantation using a novel preparative regimen consisting of cyclophosphamide, thymic irradiation, and in vivo T-cell depletion. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection occurred in 52% of cases in which the donor or recipient had evidence of prior CMV exposure. Using a strategy of preemptive therapy and secondary prophylaxis with ganciclovir, no CMV disease occurred. Infections with gram-positive bacteria predominated over the first 100 days after bone marrow transplantation. Thereafter, the relative proportion of gram-negative infections increased without a significant increase in episodes of neutropenia. The rate of bacterial infections was not influenced by relapse of the underlying malignancy. Seven patients developed infections with Aspergillus species, which was the most common infectious cause of death in these patients. Infections with viruses other than CMV (n=10) and with protozoan organisms (n=2) also occurred. The use of HLA-mismatched donors, the occurrence of grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease, and treatment with corticosteroids did not influence the risk of CMV or bacterial or fungal infections in patients who underwent transplantation following this preparative regimen. Overall, the incidence and spectrum of infections in this series was similar to the reported incidence of infections following conventional myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We conclude that a quantitative T-cell deficiency in these extensively T-cell depleted patients may be a risk factor for infection, even in the absence of graft-versus-host disease.     

杂合型单核苷酸多态性定量焦测序测定法用于唐氏综合征快速诊断的探索

目的 通过筛查人21号染色体上的杂合型单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)位点,初步建立基于定量焦磷酸测序反应的唐氏综合征分子诊断方法.方法 基于改进引物设计的等位基因特异性扩增法,在21号染色体上选取7个SNP位点进行杂合子筛选,通过焦测序法检测SNP中两个等位基因型的比值,并作为诊断唐氏综合征的依据.结果 通过对84名正常中国人基因组样本进行筛查,得到6个杂合率较高的SNP位点.6个SNP位点的杂合子覆盖率为92.9%.应用这6个SNP位点对10例唐氏综合征患者的样本进行了焦测序定量检测,结果表明10例患者样本中有9例样本的两个基因型比值为2:1或1:2,1例未检出杂合子,检出率为90%.结论 初步建立了一种唐氏综合征辅助诊断方法,具有成本低、操作简单、快速和结果明了的优点,可以有效地快速诊断唐氏综合征,为今后进一步完善该方法,并将其用于临床诊断奠定了基础.     

嗅鞘细胞/细胞外基质夹层支架的制备和形态学观察

目的研究嗅粘膜嗅鞘细胞在细胞外基质夹层支架内的生长特性,为治疗神经系统损伤寻找新的移植供体。方法嗅鞘细胞/细胞外基质夹层支架由四层毯状细胞外基质支架和三层嗅粘膜嗅鞘细胞相间叠加构成。纤维蛋白原、层粘连蛋白和纤粘连蛋白按一定比例混合后,在新鲜大鼠血浆促凝作用下,构建单层毯状细胞外基质支架,在支架表面种植嗅粘膜来源的嗅鞘细胞。于倒置显微镜下观察嗅鞘细胞在支架上/内的生长过程,培养3d后,在细胞表面再次滴加上述细胞外基质混合胶以构建第二层毯状支架,依次重复两次。夹层支架制成组织切片和超薄切片后,用光镜和电镜观察和分析夹层支架的内部结构以及嗅鞘细胞在支架内的生长情况。结果由顶层至底层,支架内的嗅鞘细胞数量逐渐增多,细胞突起逐渐延长,细胞内分泌颗粒逐渐增多及其电子密度逐渐增高;细胞可在支架之间迁移,其水平排列方向具有一致性;嗅鞘细胞的细胞膜可与支架紧密粘附,支架内局部区域出现组织间隙。结论嗅粘膜嗅鞘细胞可在细胞外基质夹层支架内正常增殖和分化,细胞与支架具有良好的组织相容性。该夹层支架可作为嗅鞘细胞三维生长的载体,用于移植治疗神经损伤。