胆道外科中肝尾状叶病变的处理

目的：探讨肝门胆管部和尾状叶肝结石术中对尾状叶的处理。方法：对２１例肝尾状叶因以上疾病经外科治疗的患者进行随访总结。结果与结论：肝尾状病变处理棘手;肝门部胆管癌常侵及尾状叶,其根治范围应包括肝尾状叶的切除;尾状叶肝管结石应切开左右肝管,力争术中取尽结石。     

IL-2对小鼠脾淋巴细胞体内迁移的影响

目的:观察白细胞介素-2(Interleukin-2,IL-2)对淋巴细胞体内迁移的影响.方法:选用近交系小鼠为实验动物,背部剃毛,皮内注射细胞因子,同时尾静脉输注3H-UR标记的淋巴细胞.20h后,切取注射区皮块,制样后测定样品计数率.经计算后将计数率转换成细胞浓度因子(Cell concentration factor,CCF),用CCF值反应淋巴细胞迁移的水平.结果:IL-2注射区淋巴细胞迁移量与对照组无明显差异(P＞0.05),而且IL-2与肿瘤坏死因子-α联合应用时,亦没有协同作用.结论:提示在复杂的体内环境中,IL-2对小鼠脾淋巴细胞体内迁移无明显诱导作用.     

准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术治疗高度近视疗效分析

目的:观察准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术(LASIK)治疗高度近视的疗效.方法:采用LASIK治疗高度近视眼(平均-11.2±1.86D)195只,术后第1,6,12个月随访观察.结果:术后第1,6,12个月裸眼视力达到0.5和1.0者分别为84.1%,79.0%,74.9%和61.0%,57.9%,55.9%;术后第1,6,12个月屈光度在预测矫正度±0.50D和±1.0D者分别是68.7%,63.1%,61.5%和79.0%,75.9%和74.9%.结论:LASIK治疗高度近视有较好的效果,手术中并发症与术者手术技巧有关.     

提高师资素质 带动素质教育

素质教育是 2 1世纪高等医学教育的主题 ,职业道德教育、理想观念的培养是素质教育的核心。本文阐述了外科教学中通过提高教师素质、带动素质教育的基本措施和实践过程 ,强调通过端正学习动机来培养学生为人民服务、为人类健康服务的深刻观念和崇高思想 ;指出通过手术技能训练和角色转换等倡导协作精神、强化群体意识的过程中教师素质水平的决定作用。以教师为导向 ,以严格的社会主义手术观和医德医风教育为契机 ,通过技能强化训练过程来培养医学生高尚的职业道德和为医学献身的敬业精神是外科技能教学素质教育的良好途径     

老年人溃疡病穿孔外科治疗体会

目的 探讨老年人溃疡病穿孔的临床特点和外科治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析３６例老年人溃疡病穿孔的临床特点和外科治疗方法。结果 老年患得全身并存病多,重要在脏器功能及代偿功能随年龄增长而衰退。当发生溃疡病穿孔时,病情重而反应低下,临床症状并不典型,休克发生率高。结论 老年人溃疡病穿孔一经确诊,只要病情允许,应根据手术探查所见,采取不同的术式。     

TNF-α和IFN-α对淋巴细胞迁移至小鼠皮肤区的影响

目的　体内观察TNF -α和IFN -α两种细胞因子对淋巴细胞迁移至小鼠皮肤区的影响。方法　以近交系BALB/C小鼠为实验动物 ,皮内注射细胞因子 ,尾静脉输注标记的淋巴细胞 ,然后切取注射区皮块 ,制样后行乳化计数测量。测量值计算后转化成细胞浓度因子 (CCF) ,用CCF值反应淋巴细胞迁移的水平。结果　TNF -α和IFN -α注射区CCF值均高于对照(P <0 0 1) ;且TNF -α与IFN -α联合应用的CCF值是TNF -α和IFN -α各自应用之和的 137%。结论　TNF -α及IFN-α可以体内诱导淋巴细胞迁移至小鼠皮肤区内。     

Decreased frequency of a novel T-lymphocyte subset,CD3+CD4−CD7+CD57− T cells,in hepatitis B virus-related end-stage liver disease might contribute to disease progression

CD7 and CD57 are related to the differentiation and functional stages of CD8⁺ T cells. However, the role of their combined presence in CD8⁺ T cells in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, especially those with end-stage liver disease, remains unclear. Blood samples from healthy volunteers and patients with chronic hepatitis B were analyzed via Luminex assay and ELISA to measure plasma cytokine levels. Further, recombinant IL-22 was used to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers, and the frequency of CD3⁺CD4⁻CD7⁺CD57⁻ T cells and apoptosis rates were investigated via flow cytometry. Patients with end-stage liver disease, particularly those with acute to chronic liver failure, showed decreased CD3⁺CD4⁻CD7⁺CD57⁻ T cell frequency. Furthermore, the prevalence of CD3⁺CD4⁻CD7⁺CD57⁻ T cells was negatively correlated with disease severity, prognosis, and complications (ascites). We also observed that IL-22 promoted apoptosis and brought about a decrease in the number of CD3⁺CD4⁻CD7⁺CD57⁻ T cells in a dose-dependent manner. CD3⁺CD4⁻CD7⁺CD57⁻ T cells displayed a B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA)^highCD25^highCD127^high immunosuppressive phenotype and showed low interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, granzyme A, and perforin expression levels. The present findings will elucidate the pathogenesis of HBV-related end-stage liver disease and aid the identification of novel drug targets.     

The acceptance of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen self-testing: A cross-sectional study in China

Compared with the nucleic acid amplification test (NATT), the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapid antigen self-testing (RAST) has advantages in speed and convenience. However, little is known about people's acceptance and influencing factors for SARS-CoV-2 RAST. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 21 to 30, 2022 in China. The χ² test and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify the influencing factors. The structural equation model was used to test the extended protective motivation theory (PMT) model hypotheses. Among the total of 5107 participants, 62.5% were willing to accept the SARS-CoV-2 RAST. There were significant differences in acceptance among different residences (p < 0.001), educational level (p < 0.001), occupation (p < 0.001), monthly income (p < 0.001), travel frequency (p < 0.05), and feelings about NATT (p < 0.001). Response efficacy (β = 0.05; p = 0.025) and self-efficacy (β = 0.84; p < 0.001) had a positive effect, while response cost showed a negative effect (β = −0.07; p < 0.001). The public's major concerns about SARS-CoV-2 RAST are its reliability, testing method, price, and authority. Overall, a moderate intention to use SARS-CoV-2 RAST was found among the Chinese population. The extended PMT can be used for the prediction of intention to accept the RAST. We need to take measures to increase people's acceptance of SARS-CoV-2 RAST.     

Fos expression in the medullary visceral zone following transient decrease of blood pressure in rats under simulated weightlessness

Orthostatic intolerance is one of the main problemsafter spaceflight, which pose serious hazards tocrewmembers when re-entry and emergency egressionand affect the capacity to re-adapt to iG environment.The basic mechanism of postilight orthostatic intolerance has not been fully elucidated until nowll]. Besidesdecreased blood volume, other factors such as centralintegration, neurohumoral modulation and cardiovascular changes may also be involved[2]. Zhang et al havereported the reduced contract…     

Primary hepatic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a case report and review of the literature

~ hepatic lympholna (PHL) is very uncommon, with which most clinicians are not fallliar. We report a case Of p~ hepatic non-Hodgkin's lymphomawhoSe clinical ~stalons were Presented edng withP~ssiVe liVer failure, and the comet diagnosis wascoallrmed by liver biopsy. A review of the lite~re anddiscussion of PHL ~ also Presented.~ ~ ~sPatient A 32-year-old man was abbotted to ourdepallment on APril l, 1999 because of fatigUe, anowhaand loss Of weight for 5 months, feVer for 4 d. The onse…