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11.
Lorenzo Melani Richard Mills David Hassman Robert Lipetz Leslie Lipka Alexandre LeBeaut Ramachandran Suresh Pabak Mukhopadhyay Enrico Veltri 《European heart journal》2003,24(8):717-728
AIMS: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ezetimibe 10 mg administered with pravastatin in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia. METHODS AND RESULTS: After dietary stabilization, 2-12 week screening/washout period, and 4-week, single-blind, placebo lead-in period, 538 patients with baseline LDL-C > or =3.8 to < or =6.5 mmol/l and TG < or =4.0 mmol/l were randomized to one of eight possible treatments administered daily for 12 weeks: ezetimibe 10mg; pravastatin 10, 20, or 40 mg; ezetimibe 10 mg plus pravastatin 10, 20, or 40 mg; or placebo. The primary efficacy endpoint was percent reduction in LDL-C from baseline to study endpoint for ezetimibe 10 mg plus pravastatin (pooled doses) compared to pravastatin alone (pooled doses) and ezetimibe alone. The combined use of ezetimibe and pravastatin resulted in significant incremental reductions in LDL-C and TG compared to pooled pravastatin alone (p<0.01). Coadministration therapy reduced LDL-C by 34-41%, TG by 21-23%, and increased HDL-C by 7.8-8.4%, depending on the dose of pravastatin. The combined regimen was well tolerated, with a safety profile similar to pravastatin alone and placebo. CONCLUSIONS: When coadministered with pravastatin, ezetimibe provided significant incremental reductions in LDL-C and TG and was well tolerated with a safety profile similar to pravastatin alone. 相似文献
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Acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity is the most frequent cause of acute liver failure in the US. The mechanisms of APAP-induced liver injury have been under extensive investigations for decades, and many key events of this necrotic cell death are known today. Initially, two opposing hypotheses for cell death were proposed: reactive metabolite and protein adduct formation versus reactive oxygen and lipid peroxidation (LPO). In the end, both mechanisms were reconciled, and it is now generally accepted that the toxicity starts with formation of reactive metabolites that, after glutathione depletion, bind to cellular proteins, especially on mitochondria. This results in a mitochondrial oxidant stress, which requires amplification through a mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, leading ultimately to enough reactive oxygen and peroxynitrite formation to trigger the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition and cell death. However, the earlier rejected LPO hypothesis seems to make a comeback recently under a different name: ferroptosis. Therefore, the objective of this review was to critically evaluate the available information about intracellular signaling mechanisms of APAP-induced cell death and those of ferroptosis. Under pathophysiologically relevant conditions, there is no evidence for quantitatively enough LPO to cause cell death, and thus APAP hepatotoxicity is not caused by ferroptosis. However, the role of mitochondria-localized minor LPO remains to be further investigated.Key words: Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity, Oncotic necrosis, Apoptosis, Ferroptosis, Lipid peroxidation, Fenton reaction, Glutathione peroxidase 4 相似文献
15.
Collaborative study of antibiotic medium 3 and flow cytometry for identification of amphotericin B-resistant Candida isolates 下载免费PDF全文
Center 1 used the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards M27-A2 method and antibiotic medium 3 (AM3) test to determine amphotericin B resistance in 5 of 30 Candida isolates. These isolates were tested at center 2 by AM3 test and flow cytometry (FC). The agreements (C1-C2) were 90% for AM3 test and FC and 73% for the AM3 tests. 相似文献
16.
Obesity and the risk of heart failure 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kenchaiah S Evans JC Levy D Wilson PW Benjamin EJ Larson MG Kannel WB Vasan RS 《The New England journal of medicine》2002,347(5):305-313
17.
Esaki Muthu Shankar Ramachandran Vignesh Kailapuri G Murugavel Pachamuthu Balakrishnan Ramalingam Sekar Charmaine AC Lloyd Suniti Solomon Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy 《AIDS research and therapy》2007,4(1):1-7
Background
CD4+ T lymphocyte (CD4) cell count testing is the standard method for determining eligibility for antiretroviral therapy (ART), but is not widely available in sub-Saharan Africa. Total lymphocyte counts (TLCs) have not proven sufficiently accurate in identifying subjects with low CD4 counts. We developed clinical algorithms using TLCs, hemoglobin (Hb), and body mass index (BMI) to identify patients who require ART. 相似文献18.
Jean‐Marie Raquez Philippe Dege Ramani Narayan Philippe Dubois 《Macromolecular chemistry and physics.》2004,205(13):1764-1773
Summary: Various poly(ε‐caprolactone‐block‐1,4‐dioxan‐2‐one) (P(CL‐block‐PDX)) block copolymers were prepared according to the living/controlled ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of 1,4‐dioxan‐2‐one (PDX) as initiated by in situ generated ω‐aluminium alkoxides poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) chains in toluene at 25 °C. 1 1H NMR, PCS and TEM measurements have attested for the formation of colloids attributed to a growing PPDX core surrounded by a solvating PCL shell during the polymerization of PDX promoted by ω‐Al alkoxide PCL chains in toluene. The thermal behavior of the P(CL‐block‐PDX) copolymers was studied by DSC; showing two distinct melting temperatures (as well as two glass transition temperatures) similar to those of the respective homopolyesters. Finally, the thermal degradation of the P(CL‐block‐PDX) block copolymers was investigated by TGA simultaneously coupled to a FT‐IR spectrometer and a mass spectrometer for evolved gas analysis (EGA). The degradation occurred in two consecutive steps involving a first unzipping depolymerization of the PPDX blocks followed by the degradation of the PCL blocks via both ester pyrolysis and unzipping reactions.
19.
Nigel A. Cunliffe Bimal K. Das Madhumati Ramachandran Maharaj K. Bhan Roger I. Glass Jon R. Gentsch 《Virus genes》1997,15(1):39-44
We have sequenced the genes encoding the inner capsid protein VP6 and the nonstructural proteins NSP1 and NSP4 of the Indian
neonatal serotype P8[11]G9 human/bovine reassortant candidate vaccine rotavirus strain 116E. These three genes share a high
degree of sequence and deduced amino acid homology with human prototype strain Wa. Our results confirm and extend those of
previous RNA-RNA hybridization studies which suggested that these genes are of human origin, and will facilitate examination
of the host immune response to 116E induced by natural infection and vaccination.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
20.
Umair Shabbir Momna Rubab Eric Banan-Mwine Daliri Ramachandran Chelliah Ahsan Javed Deog-Hwan Oh 《Nutrients》2021,13(1)
Polyphenols (PPs) are the naturally occurring bioactive components in fruits and vegetables, and they are the most abundant antioxidant in the human diet. Studies are suggesting that ingestion of PPs might be helpful to ameliorate metabolic syndromes that may contribute in the prevention of several chronic disorders like diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and colon cancer. PPs have structural diversity which impacts their bioavailability as they accumulate in the large intestine and are extensively metabolized through gut microbiota (GM). Intestinal microbiota transforms PPs into their metabolites to make them bioactive. Interestingly, not only GM act on PPs to metabolize them but PPs also modulate the composition of GM. Thus, change in GM from pathogenic to beneficial ones may be helpful to ameliorate gut health and associated diseases. However, to overcome the low bioavailability of PPs, various approaches have been developed to improve their solubility and transportation through the gut. In this review, we present evidence supporting the structural changes that occur after metabolic reactions in PPs (curcumin, quercetin, and catechins) and their effect on GM composition that leads to improving overall gut health and helping to ameliorate metabolic disorders. 相似文献