鼻灌洗在职业和环境医学中的应用

鼻灌洗（ｎａｓａｌｌａｖａｇｅ，ＮＡＬ）是一种简便易行的检查方法，它可客观地反映呼吸系统的病理生理变化。由于ＮＡＬ没有创伤性，可重复检查，因此特别适合于现场研究和以儿童作为研究对象的调查。自本世纪９０年代以来，许多国家已将ＮＡＬ用于环境医学与职业医学...     

Crack-Resistant Amino Resin Flame-Retardant Coatings Using Waterborne Polyurethane as a Co-Binder Resin

Surface cracking is a major issue in amino resin-based flame-retardant coatings, which can be reduced by mixing flexible resins into the coatings. In this study, flexible waterborne polyurethane (WPU) was added into a melamine-modified, urea-formaldehyde, resin-based intumescent flame retardant (MUF-IFR) coating. A molecular chain of WPU was inserted into the MUF network and formed a WPU/MUF-semi-IPN structure. The cracking resistance of the coating was gradually enhanced with the increase in WPU content. When the WPU content exceeded 25% of the total resin, there were no cracks in the coatings after crack-resistance tests. The coatings before and after toughening showed good transparency on wood surfaces. The influence of WPU on char formation and flame retardant properties were explored by TGA, SEM, and cone calorimetry. The results showed that the decomposition of WPU occurred before char formation, which decreased the integrity of the coating and damaged the compactness of the char. Therefore, the addition of WPU reduced the expansion height and the barrier capacity of the char as well as the flame retardant properties of the coating. When the amount of WPU was 25% of the total resin, compared to the non-WPU coating, the average heat release rate in 300 s (AveHRR_300s) and the total heat release at 300 s (THR_300s) of the samples were increased by 45.8% and 35.7%, respectively. However, compared to the naked wood, the peak heat release rate (pHRR₁), AveHRR_300s, and THR_300s of the samples with the coating containing 25% WPU were decreased by 64.2%, 39.0%, and 39.7%, respectively. Therefore, the thermal stability of WPU affected char formation. The amount of WPU added should be chosen to be the amount that was added just before the coating cracked.     

乌索酸对S-180肉瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用及其机制

目的:研究乌索酸(UA)对S-180肉瘤小鼠抑瘤作用及其可能机制。方法:建立小鼠S-180肉瘤模型,以灌胃方式给药。乌索酸连续灌胃治疗9 d,测量体质量、瘤重、脾重;计算抑瘤率及脾指数;光镜下观察组织结构的变化;流式细胞仪检测乌索酸对肉瘤鼠免疫功能、细胞周期和细胞凋亡的影响。结果:乌索酸对S-180肉瘤小鼠抑瘤率为62.82%,脾指数较生理盐水组增加。光镜下可见大片坏死及凋亡细胞。流式细胞仪分析显示乌索酸具有调节免疫功能的作用;使肿瘤细胞阻滞在S期;肿瘤细胞凋亡率达到24.17%。结论:乌索酸可显著抑制肿瘤生长,其抗肿瘤机制可能与提高机体免疫功能、肿瘤细胞S期阻滞及诱导其凋亡有关。     

腺病毒7型急性呼吸道感染暴发流行的流行病学调查

目的调查某单位由腺病毒7型引发的呼吸道传染病疫情。方法用现场流行病学调查、临床检查和实验室检测等方法,对1起由腺病毒7型引发的呼吸道传染病疫情进行调查。结果 2013年1月13日～2013年2月4日,共有1400人的某单位突发呼吸道传染病疫情,其中440例（31.43%）出现急性呼吸道感染,主要症状有咳嗽（95.45%）,381例有咽痛（86.59%）,375例咳白痰（85.23%）;全部有咽部充血;白细胞计数在（4.00～9.00）×109/L范围内有283例（64.32%）;肝功异常36例（8.18%）;肺炎支原体抗体阳性患者74例（16.82%）;存在肺部CT异常266例（60.45%）;腺病毒基因阳性111份（25.23%）,其中82份（73.87%）标本的反应产物经测序证实为腺病毒7型。均经过抗感染及抗病毒治疗好转出院。结论此次疫情主要是由腺病毒7型引发的急性呼吸道感染,具有传播快、感染率高的特点,多为轻症呼吸道症状。     

医学英语教学的需求分析与改革探讨

以需求分析理论为基础,通过问卷形式对牡丹江医学院450名学生进行调查,并对结果进行分析,旨在了解他们的目标需求和学习需求,并在此基础上,对如何进行医学英语教学改革提出了建议.     

慢性丙型肝炎患者干扰素治疗前后甲状腺激素检测的临床意义

目的探讨慢性丙型肝炎患者抗病毒治疗前后血清甲状腺激素的变化及临床意义。方法采用放射免疫分析检测45例慢性丙型肝炎患者干扰素治疗前、中、后血清三碘甲状腺氨酸（T3）、游离三碘甲状腺氨酸（FT3）、甲状腺素（T4）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）、促甲状腺素（TSH）、甲状腺球蛋白（TG）含量的变化,并与30例健康体检者比较。结果在干扰素治疗之前,病例组的FT3、FT4明显低于正常对照组（P〈0.05）;病例组治疗前与治疗中比较,治疗中TSH明显增高、T3明显低于治疗前（P〈0.05）;治疗后与治疗前比较,T3、FT3、FT4、TG明显升高,差异有显著性。结论干扰素在抗病毒治疗过程中可能会导致一过性的甲状腺激素代谢紊乱,但随着抗病毒治疗的结束、肝功能的复常,甲状腺激素恢复至正常水平。     

不同铁摄取量对大鼠血脂和脂质过氧化影响的实验研究

经饮水给予健康雌性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠不同剂量的铁，形成体内铁储存量增加的动物模型，观察铁对大鼠血脂水平、脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）和超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性的影响。结果表明，长期摄取一定量的铁可致大鼠血清低密度脂蛋白（ＬＤＬ）含量增高，ＳＯＤ活力下降和脂质过氧化物的降解产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量增加。提示体内铁储存量增加可影响血脂的代谢。为预防动脉粥样硬化，长期补铁时，应有适当的剂量范围。     

高职高专院校感恩教育模式的构建

分析高职高专院校感恩教育中存在的问题,介绍“四位一体”感恩教育模式的具体内容,指出构建“四位一体”感恩教育模式应注意的问题。     

孤立性心室肌致密化不全一例报告

1 临床资料患者,男,56岁,因反复发作的胸闷、气短于2002年入院,患者缘于2000年2月出现劳力时胸闷、气短,未经治疗,此后上述症状反复发作,于2002年10月上述症状加重,休息时也有胸闷、气短症状,逐渐出现夜间阵发性呼吸困难和端坐呼吸,于当地医院诊断为扩张型心肌病,经治疗无明显好转后转院入我科.入院后给予强心、利尿、扩血管等药物治疗,患者胸闷、气短症状曾一度好转,心电图提示心房纤颤,二维超声心动图可在左室心尖部、前侧壁心内膜面探及多发性突入左室腔内的肌小梁,小梁之间可见深度不同的间隙.     

Impact of Precursor Concentration on Perovskite Crystallization for Efficient Wide-Bandgap Solar Cells

High-crystalline-quality wide-bandgap metal halide perovskite materials that achieve superior performance in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been widely explored. Precursor concentration plays a crucial role in the wide-bandgap perovskite crystallization process. Herein, we investigated the influence of precursor concentration on the morphology, crystallinity, optical property, and defect density of perovskite materials and the photoelectric performance of solar cells. We found that the precursor concentration was the key factor for accurately controlling the nucleation and crystal growth process, which determines the crystallization of perovskite materials. The precursor concentration based on Cs_0.05FA_0.8MA_0.15Pb(I_0.84Br_0.16)₃ perovskite was controlled from 0.8 M to 2.3 M. The perovskite grains grow larger with the increase in concentration, while the grain boundary and bulk defect decrease. After regulation and optimization, the champion PSC with the 2.0 M precursor concentration exhibits a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.13%. The management of precursor concentration provides an effective way for obtaining high-crystalline-quality wide-bandgap perovskite materials and high-performance PSCs.