甲基莲心碱对豚鼠心房生理特性及异丙肾上腺素和Ca~(2+)量—效反应的影响

甲基莲心碱1～100μmol/L浓度依赖性地抑制豚鼠左心房收缩性,延长功能性不应期,降低兴奋性;30μmol/L甲基莲心碱能明显提高肾上腺素诱发左心房自律性的阈浓度。对异丙肾上腺素量—效反应的影响,不同于β-受体阻滞剂普萘洛尔,表现为非竞争性拮抗作用,对Ca~(2+)量—效反应的影响,与抗钙剂维拉帕米类似,呈竞争性和非竞争性双重拮抗作用。     

Vestibular loss as a contributor to Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease is a complex disorder whose etiology is still controversial. It is proposed that vestibular loss may contribute to the onset of Alzheimer’s disease, which initially involves degeneration of cholinergic systems in the posterior parietal-temporal, medial-temporal, and posterior-cingulate regions. A major projection to this system emanates from the semicircular canals of the vestibular labyrinth, with vestibular damage leading to severe degeneration of the medial-temporal region. The vestibular loss hypothesis is further supported by the vestibular symptoms found in Alzheimer’s patients as well as in various diseases that are major risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease.     

中青年糖尿病患者胰岛素治疗存在的问题及护理干预

糖尿病易导致严重的急慢性并发症,已成为影响人们生活质量的一种常见疾病。胰岛素作为降糖激素,在控制糖尿病的发生、发展中有不可取代的作用。本文对中青年糖尿病患者在接受胰岛素治疗方面存在的问题及护理干预进行归纳。     

Analysis of queries sent to PubMed at the point of care: Observation of search behaviour in a medical teaching hospital

Background

A dengue fever outbreak occured in French Guiana in 2006. The objectives were to study the value of a syndromic surveillance system set up within the armed forces, compared to the traditional clinical surveillance system during this outbreak, to highlight issues involved in comparing military and civilian surveillance systems and to discuss the interest of syndromic surveillance for public health response.

Methods

Military syndromic surveillance allows the surveillance of suspected dengue fever cases among the 3,000 armed forces personnel. Within the same population, clinical surveillance uses several definition criteria for dengue fever cases, depending on the epidemiological situation. Civilian laboratory surveillance allows the surveillance of biologically confirmed cases, within the 200,000 inhabitants.

Results

It was shown that syndromic surveillance detected the dengue fever outbreak several weeks before clinical surveillance, allowing quick and effective enhancement of vector control within the armed forces. Syndromic surveillance was also found to have detected the outbreak before civilian laboratory surveillance.

Conclusion

Military syndromic surveillance allowed an early warning for this outbreak to be issued, enabling a quicker public health response by the armed forces. Civilian surveillance system has since introduced syndromic surveillance as part of its surveillance strategy. This should enable quicker public health responses in the future.     

黑色素性室管膜瘤1例

黑色素性室管膜瘤(Melanotic ependymoma)属室管膜瘤的一种．临床十分罕见，我科发现1例，现报道如下。     

Spinal cord central echo complex: histoanatomic correlation

Real-time sonography consistently demonstrates an echo complex centrally located in the spinal cord. This echogenic focus is currently attributed to the central canal. The authors sought the source of this central echo with ultrasound (US) and histoanatomic study of both fresh and fixed cadaver spinal cords. Correlative transverse sections of the spinal cord were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Luxol fast blue for cells and myelin and with Holzer stain for glial fibrils. The central echo complex is produced by the interface between the myelinated ventral white commissure and the central end of the anterior median fissure. Variations in the shape of the central complex seem to reflect varying degrees of flaring of the central end of the anterior median fissure. The inconstant residual central canal and islands of residual ependymal cells are clearly not the source of the central echo complex.