Some nutritional properties of the seeds of three Mucuna species

The seeds of Mucuna nivea, M. pruriens and M. utilis showed ash 4.3-5.1%, oil 4.9-5.5%, protein 25.9-27.5%, L-dopa 3.6-4.2%, trypsin 28.5-39.7 mg/g and chymotrypsin inhibitor activity 19.3-24.6 mg/g. The trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor activity increased in pod hull and seeds while the amount of protein increased in seeds and decreased in pod hull with maturity. The essential amino acid profile was comparable to the FAO pattern (lysine 6.0-6.4%). The fatty acid composition had total unsaturated acids 51.9-55.9%, but were poor in oil contents.     

Oliguric and non-oliguric acute renal failure in malaria in west zone of rajasthan,India-A comparative study

ObjectiveTo report a comparative clinical and histopathological study on oliguric and non-oliguric acute renal failure (ARF) in malaria.Method311 consecutive cases of malaria out of which 74 (23.79%) had ARF as per WHO criteria were conducted. Mean age was 32.58 (range 15–60 years) and male: female was 2:1.ResultMost of the cases developed ARF within 10 d of onset. 18 cases (11 falciparum, 2 mixed, 5 vivax) presented with oliguric and 56 (41 falciparum, 6 mixed, 9 vivax) with non-oliguric renal failure. Associated major manifestations were jaundice (75.68%), cerebral malaria (41.89%), bleeding manifestations (32.43%), severe anemia (27.03%), hypotension (25.68%), multi-organ failure (18.92%), severe thrombocytopenia (12.16%), and ARDS (8.11%). Kidney biopsy (n=20) showed acute tubular necrosis (n=7), Mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (n=4) or both (n=9). Hemodialysis was done in 8 cases of oliguric renal failure out of which 4 survived (average no. of session 2.9).ConclusionMost of the cases recovered within 3 weeks. Total mortality was 28.38% (n=21) and mortality was more in oliguric renal failure (72.22%) as compare to non-oliguric renal failure (14.29%).     

Bilateral traumatic proximal humerus fractures managed by open reduction and internal fixation with locked plates

Fractures of the proximal humerus are uncommon in young patients.Although bilateral fracture of proximal humerus itself is rare,association with epilepsy and electrocution is frequent.Only one case of traumatic bilateral proximal humerus fracture has been reported in the literature.We report a rare case of bilateral traumatic displaced proximal humerus fractures in a 40 years old male patient,which was treated by means of open reduction and internal fixation with proximal humerus locked pates on both sides and obtained a good functional outcome.     

How to Optimally Apply Impedance in the Evaluation of Esophageal Dysmotility

The utilization of impedance technology has enhanced our understanding and assessment of esophageal dysmotility. Esophageal high-resolution manometry (HRM) catheters incorporated with multiple impedance electrodes help assess esophageal bolus transit, and the combination is termed high-resolution impedance manometry (HRIM). Novel metrics have been developed with HRIM—including esophageal impedance integral ratio, bolus flow time, nadir impedance pressure, and impedance bolus height—that augments the assessment of esophageal bolus transit. Automated impedance-manometry (AIM) analysis has enhanced understanding of the relationship between bolus transit and pressure phenomena. Impedance-based metrics have improved understanding of the dynamics of esophageal bolus transit into four distinct phases, may correlate with symptomatic burden, and can assess the adequacy of therapy for achalasia. An extension of the use of impedance involves impedance planimetry and the functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP), which assesses esophageal biophysical properties and distensibility, and could detect patterns of esophageal contractility not seen on HRM. Impedance technology, therefore, has a significant impact on esophageal function testing in the present day.