柴胡全草与柴胡根注射液退热疗效的初步评价

本文采用双盲随机对照法,观察柴胡全草及柴胡根注射液对124例感染性发热的退热疗效,结果两组均有较好的退热作用(P<0.001),两组退热的显效率和总有效率均无显著性差异(P>0.05),两组均无明显的毒副作用,表明柴胡全革注射液的生产和临床应用可以推广。     

经皮瘤内注射乙酸治疗兔VX2肝种植瘤实验研究

目的　探讨经皮乙酸注射 (PAI)的肿瘤灭活机制、疗效及治疗方法。材料与方法　兔VX2肝多发瘤模型8只 ,超声导引下经皮穿刺病灶 ,每只兔肝内 3个瘤灶内分别一次性注射 5 0 %乙酸、无水酒精和生理盐水 ,注射剂量以超声显像病灶被药液完全浸润为度 ,观察注射后 1小时、1天、3天和 14天大体、光镜、电镜下肿瘤病理改变及 14天后肿瘤生长情况。结果　各组肿瘤均有继续增大 ,PAI组肿瘤增长率最小 (2 5 7.39%± 14 0 .6 4 % ) ,坏死率最大(4 6 .2 7%± 16 .30 % ) ,与生理盐水对照组比较均有显著性差异 (P增长率 =0 .0 36 ,P坏死率 =0 ) ,与经皮无水酒精注射(PEI)组比较无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。组织病理学改变 :PAI后 1小时肿瘤细胞即溶解坏死 ;1天、3天肿瘤中央区大片凝固性坏死 ,边缘部呈网格状坏死 ,岛样残留瘤灶内可见扩张血管腔 ,边缘部肿瘤细胞以膜性结构破坏为主 ;14天后肿瘤表现继续扩大的凝固性坏死区 ,边缘残留少量肿瘤组织 ,并见大量纤维肉芽组织增生。PEI组各时段、区域肿瘤组织细胞破坏坏死改变相对PAI组较轻 ,纤维、肉芽组织增生较少、较晚 ,但PEI治疗后肿瘤血管内皮细胞损伤表现较明显。结论　PAI具有肿瘤灭活作用 ,其效力高于PEI。PAI肿瘤灭活效应主要是由乙酸的化学特性决定的 ,其作用途     

How male nursing students learn to care

The current definitions of caring in nursing education denote a mutual relationship between teachers and students in which they interact to provide an environment which supports the students' personal and professionaldevelopment The learning of caring in an interactional context is typical of the female experience It is unknown if this is representative of the male experience The lived experience of 20 male students as they learned to care as nurses was the focus of this phenomenological research study The participants concurred that, although caring as a nurse could be learned if one was 'open to learning', teachers could only facilitate this learning, they could not directly teach it The interactional strategies of storytelling, modelling, being cared for, the 'aha' encounter, and observing and giving care, were used by the participants in learning to care as nurses The implications of these findings for nursing education and research are presented     

Threshold of transmission of Brugia malayi by Anopheles sinensis

In an area of central China where Brugia malayi is transmitted by Anopheles sinensis, three villages were followed for 4 years without any control measures. Diethylcarbamazine (DEC) had been used in a control programme reducing the parasite rate in Shuiwa from 12.72 to 0.59%, in Gubomen from 3.18 to 1.55% and in Moshi from 5.62 to 2.81% (although this fell the following year to 2.23%) up until the start of the trial. The village populations, the human biting rate, the parous and the gonotrophic cycle were comparable for all the areas, yet the microfilariae rate dropped to 0.18% in Shuiwa, 0.31% in Gubomen, but not in Moshi where it increased from 2.23 to 2.43%. This indicated that Shuiwa and Gubomen were below the threshold of transmission. Due to the small number of positive cases remaining, the density measurements showed less change, but a separate study on 44 individuals followed for 6 years revealed that those above 13 microfilariae per 60 mm3 remained unchanged or increased, while those below progressively decreased their densities. The threshold of transmission of B. malayi by An. sinensis was considered to be between 1.55 and 2.23% of the population, providing no individual had a higher density than 12 microfilariae per 60 mm3.     

抑郁症模型鼠海马神经元细胞凋亡的初步研究

目的 研究抑郁症模型鼠海马神经元细胞的凋亡,探讨海马损害的病理生理机制。方法 选择旷场行为相近的成年SD雄性大鼠30只,随机分为实验组(15只)和对照组(15只),应用分养和长期不可预见的刺激制作成抑郁症模型。采用TUNEL染色法分析细胞凋亡,用免疫组化法检测凋亡的调控因子Bcl-xl。试验结果均采用SPSS 10.0软件处理。结果 与对照组比较,实验组大鼠海马内TUNEL染色阳性细胞增加,表达Bcl-xl蛋白的阳性细胞减少,两组有显著性差异。结论 抑郁症模型鼠海马神经元细胞凋亡增加。     

二尖瓣狭窄及球囊扩张前后经胸动态三维超声心动图重建二尖瓣的研究

目的：探讨经胸重建二尖瓣狭窄（ＭＳ）和二尖瓣球囊扩张术（ＰＢＭＶ）前后二尖瓣及二尖瓣器的动态三维图像的可行性及临床意义。材料和方法：风心病ＭＳ患者８例，其中５人接受ＰＢＭＶ治疗，平均年龄２７８９岁。另选６例正常人作为对照。仪器采用Ａｃｕｓｏｎ１２８ＸＰ／１０Ｃ彩色超声心动图仪和ＴｏｍＴｅｃ公司Ｅｃｈｏ－Ｓｃａｎ计算机三维成像系统工作站。探头频率２５～４ＭＨｚ。由装有马达驱动装置的探头作１８０°旋转，每２°采集一幅图像。重建时选择感兴趣切面，调整灰阶及对比度后即可完成。结果：８例患者及６例正常人均获得较满意的图像。重建时采用不同的切面观察可显示不同角度的二尖瓣及瓣下腱索的立体图像。图像直观、真实、细腻，立体感强。结论：经胸途径三维重建ＭＳ及ＰＢＭＶ前后二尖瓣的动态变化，可清晰显示二尖瓣及瓣下腱索的病变，评价球囊扩张的疗效，简便易行、无创。具有广阔的前景     

四种络合剂对241Am促排效果的比较

应用200只天鼠研究了²⁴¹Am内污染时四种络合剂(Ca-DTPA, Zn-DTPA,嗤胺酸钠盐和H-73-IO)钓促排效果.实验目的是为²⁴¹Am内污染治疗确定首先促排药物及制定最佳促排方案.实验结果表明:在四种结合剂中Ca-DTPA和Zn-DTPA促排效果为最佳,能使骨²⁴¹Am含量降低到对照组的10%,肝²⁴¹Am含量降低到对照组的5%左右.喹胺酸钠盐在降低骨、肝²⁴¹Am含量方面也有效(统计上与DTPA无显著差别),但能导致肾脏²⁴¹Am蓄积,甚至略高于对照组.H-73-10虽有-些效果,但远不及DTPA.