关节镜下4种移植物重建膝关节前交叉韧带的临床效果研究

目的应用自体骨-1/3髌腱-骨(B-PT-B)、自体腘绳肌腱(ST/G)、同种异体跟腱和LARS韧带进行关节镜下重建前交叉韧带,比较不同移植物的临床疗效。方法选择4种不同移植物分别对111例交叉韧带损伤患者行关节镜下重建前交叉韧带,术后积极康复训练。结果各组膝关节Lysholm评分在术后3、6、12、18个月均较术前改善,异体跟腱组在术后6个月Lysholm评分均低于其余3组患者(P<0.05),术后12、18个月与自体B-PT-B、ST/G组差异无统计学意义;在术后3、6、12、18个月,LARS组Lysholm评分明显高于其余3组(P<0.05)。结论4种不同移植物均能明显改善膝关节功能,近期LARS韧带改善优于自体B-PT-B、ST/G和异体跟腱。     

中药柴胡的药源调查及商品鉴定

通过对全国27个省区的药源调查和商品鉴定,较系统地整理了我国中药柴胡使用的原植物:共19种、5变种、1变型。并通过对102件柴胡商品的鉴定,发现其主流品种为:北柴胡、小叶黑柴胡、红柴胡和窄竹叶柴胡。     

The financial impact of maintenance treatment in heroin addictive behavior: the case of Subutex

BACKGROUND: The development of maintenance treatment for subjects with addictive behavior is an important public health issue. As such, the social effectiveness of maintenance products must be examined from an economical and social point of view. This paper aims at presenting the financial costs involved in the use of Subutex, a product commercialized since 1996. METHODS: A complete typology of costs related to drug addiction and its consequences was set up. Some of these costs were estimated on the basis of data drawn from the literature. The cost of Subutex use for maintenance treatment was assessed and compared with the financial stakes including the potential reduction of the economic and social cost of drug addiction. RESULTS: Monthly treatment cost of Subutex was 1252 FrF per drug abuser on maintenance treatment. By extrapolation, for a population of 40,000 drug abusers, the direct medical cost of Subutex during a course of maintenance treatment with general practitioner follow-up was estimated at 600 millions FrF. US data sources were applied to France to assess the cost of illnesses attributable to drug addiction. The cost reached 4.8 billions FrF. The cost of delinquency associated with drug addiction, which mostly concerns money laundered to purchase substances was an estimated 6.4 billions FrF. Finally, the cost of public anti-drug abuse programs was nearly 4.7 billions FrF. Thus, the direct cost of drug addiction consequences reached 15.6 billions FrF. This cost should be compared with the annual cost of Subutex for public organizations which was an estimated 600 millions FrF. CONCLUSIONS: The "profit" threshold of maintenance treatment with Subutex in terms of direct costs is very low. A decrease of only 4% of the costs associated with drug addiction would make it possible to balance the financial budget for the community. Our analysis does not take into acount absolutely all the public health and safety aspects involved in the use of Subutex. It does however provide a useful assessment of the financial aspects of the question and justification for this therapeutic strategy from a budgetary point of view.     

海藻多糖铬络合物降糖作用的实验研究

目的 :研究海藻多糖铬络合物 (seaweedpolysaccharides Cr3 + complex ,SPC)的降糖作用。 方法 :以四氧嘧啶复制大、小鼠糖尿病模型 ,观察 60、1 5 0、3 0 0 μg·kg 1SPC预防、治疗给药不同时间的降糖作用。结果 :①60、1 5 0、3 0 0 μg·kg 1SPCop1 4d对正常小鼠血糖及糖耐受量无影响 (P >0 .0 5 )。② 60、1 5 0、3 0 0 μg·kg 1SPCop 1 4d对四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠无明显治疗作用 (P >0 .0 5 )。③ 60、1 5 0、3 0 0 μg·kg 1SPC预防性op 1 4d能显著抑制四氧嘧啶所致小鼠、大鼠血糖的升高 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :SPC预防性给药各剂量组均能显著抑制四氧嘧啶所致大、小鼠血糖升高 ,提示其具有预防四氧嘧啶引起的血糖升高作用 ,对预防血糖的升高有重要作用。故有必要对海藻多糖铬络合物进一步深入研究 ,作出更全面的评价 ,以期开发为糖尿病辅助治疗药     

大剂量硝酸甘油介入~(99m)Tc-MIBI心肌SPECT判定存活心肌的研究

目的：探讨大剂量硝酸甘油介入（大剂量硝充法）99mTc-MIBI心肌SPECT对存活心肌判定的价值。材料和方法：对44例大剂量硝充组和31例小剂量硝充组的心肌梗塞患者均行静息和硝充法心肌显像。采用9节段评分法对两次显像进行了比较。其中两组中分别有18例和17例于冠脉血管再通术（PTCA或CABG）后半年内再次复查了静息心肌显像并与术前比较。结果：大剂量硝充组静息心肌显像灌注异常节段为154个，硝充后有77个节段呈现了再分布，总再分布率为50．0％（77／154）；小剂量硝充组静息心肌显像灌注异常节段为110个，硝充后有35个节段呈现了再分布，总再分布率为31．8％（35／110）。大剂量和小剂量组中18例和17例PTCA和CABG患者术后静息心肌显像与硝充法心肌显像比较阳性符合率分别为85．7％和68．8％．预测准确率为对71．9％和50．9％。结论：大剂量硝酸甘油介入99Tc-MIBI心肌SPECT具有较高的存活心肌检出率和预测准确性。     

Working memory deficits in adult rats after prenatal disruption of neurogenesis

We investigated the cognitive consequences of a prenatal injection of the mitotic inhibitor methylazoxymethanol (MAM) into pregnant rats at embryonic day 15 (E15) or 17 (E17). The male offspring were tested when adult on a version of the radial-arm maze task that assesses spatial working memory with an extended delay, where performance is dependent, in part, on the hippocampal-prefrontal circuit. A major impairment of spatial learning was observed in E15 MAM rats. However, the E17 MAM rats did learn the rule but were impaired selectively in the 30-min delay-interposed task. Morphologically, the E15 MAM rats exhibited dramatic gross brain abnormalities, whereas the E17 MAM animals displayed aberrant cell migration in the hippocampus and a disrupted laminar pattern in the neocortex. These results suggest that late gestational MAM injection (E17) causes a cognitive impairment in a prefrontal cortex-hippocampus-dependent working memory task. This approach could provide a new developmental model of disorders associated with working memory deficits, such as schizophrenia.