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排序方式: 共有1690条查询结果,搜索用时 93 毫秒
71.
Tomonori Aoki Atsuo Yamada Kazuharu Aoyama Hiroaki Saito Gota Fujisawa Nariaki Odawara Ryo Kondo Akiyoshi Tsuboi Rei Ishibashi Ayako Nakada Ryota Niikura Mitsuhiro Fujishiro Shiro Oka Soichiro Ishihara Tomoki Matsuda Masato Nakahori Shinji Tanaka Kazuhiko Koike Tomohiro Tada 《Digestive endoscopy》2020,32(4):585-591
72.
Taro Nishikawa MD PhD Kouichirou Okamoto MD PhD Hitoshi Matsuzawa MD PhD Makoto Terumitsu DDS PhD Tsutomu Nakada MD PhD Yukihiko Fujii MD PhD 《Journal of neuroimaging》2014,24(3):238-244
Despite clinical importance of identifying exact anatomical location of neural tracts and nuclei in the brainstem, no neuroimaging studies have validated the detectability of these structures. The aim of this study was to assess the detectability of the structures using three‐dimensional anisotropy contrast‐periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction (3DAC‐PROPELLER) imaging. Forty healthy volunteers (21 males, 19 females; 19‐53 years, average 23.4 years) participated in this study. 3DAC‐PROPELLER axial images were obtained with a 3T‐MR system at four levels of the brainstem: the lower midbrain, upper and lower pons, and medulla oblongata. Three experts independently judged whether five tracts (corticospinal tract, medial lemniscus, medial longitudinal fasciculus, central tegmental and spinothalamic tracts) and 10 nuclei (oculomotor and trochlear nuclei, spinal trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibular, hypoglossal, prepositus, and solitary nuclei, locus ceruleus, superior and inferior olives) on each side could be identified. In total, 240 assessments were made. The five tracts and eight nuclei were identified in all the corresponding assessments, whereas the locus ceruleus and superior olive could not be identified in 3 (1.3%) and 16 (6.7%) assessments, respectively. 3DAC‐PROPELLER seems extremely valuable imaging method for mapping out surgical strategies for brainstem lesions. 相似文献
73.
Kosuke Yoshida Yuki Doi Norihiko Iwazaki Hidenori Yasuhara Yuka Ikenaga Hidetoshi Shimizu Tomohisa Nakada Tomoko Watanabe Chise Tateno Seigo Sanoh Yaichiro Kotake 《CTS Clinical and Translational Science》2022,15(1):79
Development of low‐clearance (CL) compounds that are slowly metabolized is a major goal in the pharmaceutical industry. However, the pursuit of low intrinsic CL (CLint) often leads to significant challenges in evaluating the pharmacokinetics of such compounds. Although in vitro–in vivo extrapolation is widely used to predict human CL, its application has been limited for low‐CLint compounds because of the low turnover of parent compounds in metabolic stability assays. To address this issue, we focused on chimeric mice with humanized livers (PXB‐mice), which have been increasingly reported to accurately predict human CL in recent years. The predictive accuracy for nine low‐CLint compounds with no significant turnover in a human hepatocyte assay was investigated using PXB‐mouse methods, such as single‐species allometric scaling (PXB‐SSS) approach and a novel physiologically based scaling (PXB‐PBS) approach that assumes that the CLint per hepatocyte is equal between humans and PXB‐mice. The percentages of compounds with predicted CL within 2‐ and 3‐fold ranges of the observed CL for low‐CLint compounds were 89% and 100%, respectively, for both PXB‐SSS and PXB‐PBS approaches. Moreover, the predicted CL was mostly consistent among the methods. Conversely, the percentages of compounds with predicted CL within 2‐ and 3‐fold ranges of the observed CL for low‐CLint compounds were 50% and 63%, respectively, for multispecies allometric (MA) scaling. Overall, these PXB‐mouse methods were much more accurate than conventional MA scaling approaches, suggesting that PXB‐mice are useful tools for predicting the human CL of low‐CLint compounds that are slowly metabolized. Study Highlights
- WHAT IS THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ON THE TOPIC?
- WHAT QUESTION DID THIS STUDY ADDRESS?
- WHAT DOES THIS STUDY ADD TO OUR KNOWLEDGE?
- HOW MIGHT THIS CHANGE CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY OR TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE?
74.
75.
Tomohiro Kato Kazuhiko Yamamoto Hajime Takeuchi Mitsuo Okubo Eiji Hara Susumu Nakada Kinichiro Oda Koji Ito Kusuki Nishioka 《Arthritis \u0026amp; Rheumatology》1993,36(11):1580-1587
Objective. To investigate the distribution of B cell autoepitopes of human DNA topoisomerase I (topo I), an autoantigen associated with scleroderma. Methods. A complementary DNA clone, T1B, was used to produce recombinant proteins of topo I as β-galactosidase fusion proteins. Immunoreactivity to these fusion proteins was then tested in 35 anti–topo I–positive sera from patients with scleroderma, by immunoblotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and double immunodiffusion. Results. One epitope was found to be universally recognized by all sera tested. Thirty-two of the samples recognized multiple antigenic regions, but sera from the remaining 3 patients recognized only this universal epitope, and in longitudinal studies of 1 of these 3 patients, the serum recognized only this epitope for more than 2 years, even though multiple, potent, antigenic regions were found on topo I. Conclusion. Recognition of multiple epitopes in most patients suggests that the topo I molecule itself would drive the autoimmunity on topo I. However, antigen-driven autoimmunity could not explain the production of the monoreactive anti–topo I antibody seen in the 3 patients. We thus hypothesize that there is a process whereby recognition of the universal epitope by cross-reaction develops into antigen-driven autoimmunity. 相似文献
76.
Iida M Matsumoto K Tomita H Nakajima T Akasawa A Ohtani NY Yoshida NL Matsui K Nakada A Sugita Y Shimizu Y Wakahara S Nakao T Fujii Y Ra C Saito H 《Blood》2001,97(4):1016-1022
77.
Gallbladder function and CCK after gastrectomy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
N Hanyu T Aoki Y Ohira K Nakada M Iikura S Fukuda Y Hashimoto 《Nihon Geka Gakkai zasshi》1991,92(9):1189-1192
Postgastrectomy cholelithiasis has become a problem and biliary tract dyskinesia has been cited as an etiologic factor. CCK is the most important gut hormone with respect to biliary tract function, so we conducted an experimental study of postgastrectomy gallbladder function and CCK levels which gave the following results: 1. Although postprandial gallbladder contraction for the most part occurred in response to endogenous CCK, another mechanism (the gastro-cholecystic reflex) seemed to be responsible for some of them. 2. The postgastrectomy decrease in postprandial gallbladder contraction appeared to be due to disappearance of this gastro-cholecystic reflex. 3. Gallbladder contraction occurred in association with postprandial CCK secretion following total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y reconstruction, but the altered food passage route caused changes in the dynamics of CCK secretion, and this is believed to have had an influence on the gallbladder contractile response. 相似文献
78.
Prognostic Significance of Immunohistochemically Detected Blood and Lymphatic Vessel Invasion in Colorectal Carcinoma: Its Impact on Prognosis 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Liang P Nakada I Hong JW Tabuchi T Motohashi G Takemura A Nakachi T Kasuga T Tabuchi T 《Annals of surgical oncology》2007,14(2):470-477
Background The prognostic significance of blood vessel invasion (BVI) and lymphatic vessel invasion (LVI) is unclear. Because of the
absence of specific markers for venous and lymphatic vessels, earlier studies could not reliably distinguish between BVI and
LVI.
Methods By immunostaining for podoplanin and CD34 antigen, we retrospectively investigated LVI and BVI in 419 tissue specimens of
colorectal carcinoma. We performed univariate and multivariate analysis of the clinicopathologic features, frequency of recurrence,
and outcome of patients with or without LVI and BVI.
Results The use of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining to identify BVI and LVI yielded a false positive rate of 9.1% and false negative
rate of 12.6%. The incidence of BVI was significantly higher among tumors with LVI than tumors without LVI (P <.001). In logistic multivariate analysis, only LVI (P < .001) was associated with lymph node metastasis and BVI (P = .015) was associated with distant recurrence. Calculating the prognostic relevance, both two invasion types correlated
with decreased survival in univariate analysis (both P <.001). In multivariate analysis, BVI (P =.024), lymph node status (P =.003) and tumor stage (P <.001) remained statistically significant factors for survival.
Conclusions Our results suggest that immunohistologic evaluation of BVI and LVI could be useful in colorectal carcinoma indicating the
risk of lymph node metastasis and recurrence, thereby contributing to prognostic evaluation. 相似文献
79.
Study Type – Therapy (case series)Level of Evidence 4
OBJECTIVE
To determine the implementation of medical expulsive therapy (MET) for ureterolithiasis in one tertiary‐care emergency room (ER); referral patterns in the surgical and metabolic follow‐up of ureterolithiasis were also assessed.PATIENTS AND METHODS
In this retrospective review we identified 556 patients with ureterolithiasis in the ER at our centre between 2005 and 2007. Of these, 131 patients met inclusion criteria, including first‐time stone formers and no urological visit within the previous 5 years. ER records were reviewed and telephone interviews conducted to determine if MET was used, if the patient was referred to a urologist, if surgery was ultimately required, and if there was ultimately a metabolic evaluation.RESULTS
The mean (range) stone size was 4.2 (2–10) mm. Ten patients were admitted directly from the ER and 121 were discharged home. Of the 121 discharged patients, 48 (40%) were prescribed MET. In all, 46 patients received tamsulosin 0.4 mg and two received doxazosin 2 mg; no patient was prescribed steroids. The mean size of passed stones was statistically significantly lower than that of stones that did not pass (P < 0.05). Patients prescribed MET had a 23% chance of needing surgery, vs 32% in those not prescribed MET (P < 0.05). Seventy‐one (61%) patients were followed up by a urologist, 27 (23%) by a primary‐care physician, and eight (7%) had no further follow‐up. Ultimately, 31 (23%) patients had a metabolic evaluation and it was abnormal in 29 (95%).CONCLUSIONS
In this single‐institution ER experience, 40% of patients with symptomatic ureterolithiasis were treated with MET on discharge from the ER. Our data also show that only patients referred to a urologist received a metabolic evaluation. This is notable given that the vast majority of those evaluated were found to have a correctable abnormality. 相似文献80.
Kouichi Nakada M.D. Terunori Mitsuma Atsushi Furusawa Yoshiaki Maeda Kimitomo Morise 《Journal of gastroenterology》1990,25(4):425-431
The effects of histamine and its related compounds on the concentrations of immunoreactive thyrotropin-releasing hormone (ir-TRH)
in the stomach, gastric juice and hypothalamus in rats were studied. Histamine, ranitidine or ethanolamine was injected intraperitoneally,
and the rats were decapitated at various times after the injection. Ir-TRH concentrations in the stomach, gastric juice and
hypothalamus were measured by a radioimmunoassay. Ir-TRH concentrations in the stomach decreased significantly after histamine
injection and increased significantly after ranitidine injection in a dose-dependent manner, but did not change with ethanolamine.
Ir-TRH concentrations in the gastric juice increased in a dose-dependent manner, peaking at 30 min after histamine injection,
and its effect was blocked with ranitidine. Ir-TRH concentrations in the hypothalamus elevated significantly after histamine
injection and reduced significantly after ranitidine injection, but did not change with ethanolamine. The effects of histamine
on ir-TRH concentrations in the stomach and hypothalamus were significantly blocked with ranitidine, but not with ethanol-amine.
These findings suggest that histamine stimulates ir-TRH release from the stomach and inhibits ir-TRH release from the hypothalamus,
and that these effects of histamine on ir-TRH release are mediated via an H2-receptor.
Portions of this work were presented at the 75th annual meeting of Japanese Society of Gastroenterology. March 1989 in Yokohama,
Japan. 相似文献