High prevalence of hyperuricemia in adolescent Taiwan aborigines

OBJECTIVE: To explore the prevalence and related factors of hyperuricemia among adolescent Taiwan aborigines in tribes with a high prevalence of adult gout, compared with adolescents of low prevalence aboriginal and non-aboriginal tribes. METHODS: The participants were aborigines and non-aborigines in Taiwan, age 12 to 15 years and free of gout. Each participant provided information on sex, age, and parents' tribal background as well as body weight and height. Serum samples were analyzed for biochemical markers. A logistic regression model was used to study factors related to hyperuricemia. RESULTS: In total 940 adolescents participated. The hyperuricemia rate in tribes with high gout prevalence (57.7%) was higher than in non-aborigines (48.2%) and in aboriginal tribes with low gout prevalence (34.0%). Factors statistically significantly related to hyperuricemia were tribe, sex, obesity, creatinine, and cholesterol levels in preliminary analysis. After adjustment by the logistic regression model, obese boys with higher creatinine were most likely to have hyperuricemia. Adolescents whose parents originated from tribes with high gout prevalence had a tendency to have hyperuricemia, and those aborigines from tribes with low gout prevalence had a low prevalence of hyperuricemia compared to non-aborigines. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of hyperuricemia in aboriginal adolescents mirrors the incidence of adult gout, implying a predisposition for adult gout in childhood, with genetic and/or environmental components presumably contributing to the differences between tribes; this may be of potential benefit to preventive efforts.     

禁欲时间对人精子顶体酶活性精子密度和精子数的影响

目的:了解禁欲时间对人精子顶体酶活性、精子密度和精子数的影响。方法:分光光度比色法测定精子顶体酶活性。结果:禁欲1～5d时,顶体酶活性是稳定的,而禁欲10d时顶体酶活性明显下降,与禁欲1d时顶体酶活性比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。精子密度和精子数随禁欲时间增加而增加,禁欲10d精子密度约为禁欲1d精子密度2倍,禁欲10d精子总数约为禁欲1d的4倍。结论:禁欲时间影响顶体酶活性、精子密度和精子数。     

绿豆食品对肾移植患者血环孢素A谷浓度的影响

目的　总结肾移植患者食用绿豆食品对血环孢素A谷浓度的影响。方法　比较 6例肾移植患者食用绿豆食品前后血环孢素A谷浓度的变化。结果　患者血环孢素A谷浓度在食用绿豆食品后较食用前均降低。食用前、后血环孢素A谷浓度分别为 (390 .0 0± 12 2 .2 1) ,(2 87.33± 92 .2 1)ng·mL-1,血环孢素A谷浓度平均降低 (10 2 .6 7± 4 0 .87)ng·mL-1,降低幅度为 :(2 6 .6 0± 5 .85 ) % ,同体前后比较的t检验P <0 .0 0 1,有极显著差异。结论　食用绿豆食品可明显降低肾移植患者血环孢素A谷浓度。     

单顺反子表达人GM-CSF和B7.1融合基因真核表达载体的构建和鉴定

目的　构建单顺反子表达人 GM- CSF和 B7.1融合基因真核表达载体。　方法　应用巨引物 PCR技术对 h GM- CSF基因 c DNA进行定点突变 ;应用 PCR重叠延伸法 ,将 h GM- CSF和 h B7.1基因的 c DNA编码序列通过一 linker序列拼接 ,构建 h GM- CSF与 h B7.1融合基因 h GM- B7.1,将其插入 pc DNA3真核表达载体 ,测定核苷酸序列。　结果　序列分析表明 :(1) h GM- CSF突变体基因 c DNA编码序列的 178位核苷酸由 C变为 A,其余核苷酸序列均未发生变化 ;(2 ) h GM- CSF、linker、h B7.1的连接顺序、方向及序列完全正确。　结论　构建 pc DNA3- h GM- B7.1融合基因真核表达载体成功     

Clinical diagnosis and assessment of severity of confirmed dengue infections in Vietnamese children: is the world health organization classification system helpful?

Classification of dengue using the current World Health Organization (WHO) system is not straightforward. In a large prospective study of pediatric dengue, no clinical or basic laboratory parameters clearly differentiated between children with and without dengue, although petechiae and hepatomegaly were independently associated with the diagnosis. Among the 712 dengue-infected children there was considerable overlap in the major clinical features. Mucosal bleeding was observed with equal frequency in those with dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), and petechiae, thrombocytopenia, and the tourniquet test differentiated poorly between the two diagnostic categories. Fifty-seven (18%) of 310 with shock did not fulfill all four criteria considered necessary for a diagnosis of DHF by the WHO, but use of the WHO provisional classification scheme resulted in considerable over-inflation of the DHF figures. If two separate entities truly exist rather than a continuous spectrum of disease, it is essential that some measure of capillary leak is included in any classification system, with less emphasis on bleeding and a specific platelet count.     

Complex segregation and linkage analysis of familial gout in Taiwanese aborigines

OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia in Taiwanese aborigines is remarkably high. Although previous studies have failed to find evidence of a major gene responsible for gout, the disease is thought to involve genetic predisposition. We sought to determine whether genetic factors for familial gout exist among Taiwanese aborigines, and, if so, their chromosomal location. METHODS: We first performed complex segregation analysis. The study sample comprised 945 relatives distributed in 64 pedigrees; among them, 261 affected members (including probands) were found. In all of the aboriginal probands with gout, the disease was diagnosed and confirmed by rheumatologists. Blood specimens were then collected from 127 individuals living in one community that was used in the segregation analysis (from 25 pedigrees, 36 nuclear families, and 112 full sibpairs), and sibpair linkage analysis and a combined transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) method were used to test the genetic components. RESULTS: In segregation analysis, after adjusting for sex and age, an autosomal-arbitrary major gene model was found to fit the data best, with disease allelic frequency of 0.31 and susceptibility of 0.92. In sibpair analysis, there was a clustering of many flanking markers showing significant linkage, including D1S498 (regression coefficient -0.52), D1S2635 (regression coefficient -0.47), and D1S196 (regression coefficient -0.51), in the 1q21 region of chromosome 1 (all P < 0.005). Results of the combined TDT showed that the marker D1S484 was significantly associated (had linkage) with allele 1 and was transmitted more frequently than other markers to the affected offspring (P < 0.005). CONCLUSION: Results of this study provide evidence of a genetic basis for familial gout in the aboriginal Taiwanese population and suggest that a susceptibility locus may be located in the 1q21 region of chromosome 1.     

硝酸甘油扩张浅静脉的临床应用研究

为解决临床上因病人血管状态不佳导致的静脉穿刺困难，采用０．０１％的硝酸甘油扩张手背浅静脉。结果显示，外涂药物２ｍｉｎ以内，受试者血管直径明显增宽（Ｐ〈０．０１），且效果较６５４－２更佳，显效率达９３．８％，对临床上４０例因血管条件不佳常规穿刺失败者，实施该方法后再行穿刺，一次成功的３５例，重复给药后成功的４例，总有效率达９７．５％，应用中未发现不良反应，表明硝酸甘油外涂在解决临床静脉穿刺困难方面有     

词的形式嬗变与词的鼎盛

词之所以在鼎盛的已成定式的唐代的格律诗中脱颖而出并出现辉煌 ,从形式的角度上说 ,盖有两端———一是对格律诗形式上的三大突破 :(1)句式的灵活多变 ;(2)用韵的自由宽阔 ;(3)容量的适度扩展。二是广大的词作者在创作的实践过程中 ,逐渐淡化乃至摆脱词原有的合乐属性、音律属性的束缚 ,而把词作为新体的文学的诗去写 ,赢得广大作者队伍的支撑。     

无创血管内皮舒张功能与冠心病的关联性

目的 :探讨无创血管内皮舒张功能与冠心病的关联性。方法 :经冠状动脉造影证实的冠心病患者 3 0例 ,分为冠心病 组 17例 ,冠心病 组 13例。对照组 2 0例 ,为健康查体者。肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能测定用无创高分辨超声法。结果 :13组基础血管内径无差异。 2反应性充血后肱动脉内径变化百分数 ,冠心病 组 （ 11± 4 ） %、冠心病 组 （ 6± 2 ） % ,对照组 （ 16± 5 ） % ,3组间差异显著 （ vs P<0 .0 1; , vs对照组均 P<0 .0 1）。 3含化硝酸甘油后肱动脉内径变化百分数 ,冠心病 组 （ 17± 5 ） %、冠心病 组 （ 14± 3 ） % ,对照组 （ 2 5± 7） % , 组 , 组与对照组比较差异显著 （均 P<0 .0 1） ; 组与 组间无显著差异。结论 :用高分辨超声测定的肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能与冠心病患者冠状动脉粥样硬化程度有关联