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排序方式: 共有235条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
91.
92.
Jigar Shah Anroop B. Nair Hiral Shah Shery Jacob Tamer M. Shehata Mohamed Aly Morsy 《Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences》2020,15(6):786-796
Oral therapy of tramadol, an opiate analgesic, undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism and requires frequent administration. Transdermal therapy by virtue can overcome these issues and can improve the efficacy and reduce abuse liability of tramadol. The aim of this research was to investigate the possibility of transdermal delivery of tramadol by formulating proniosome gel and evaluate its therapeutic potential in vivo. The effect of formulation composition as well as amount of drug on physicochemical characteristics of prepared proniosomes were examined. Best proniosome gel (F4) was selected and evaluated for drug release, stability and transdermal efficacy by ex vivo and in vivo experiments. The vesicles demonstrated optimal properties including spherical shape, nanosize with good entrapment efficiency, adequate zeta potential, higher stability and greater transdermal flux. The amorphization and dispersion of tramadol in the aqueous core of proniosome vesicles was confirmed by differential scanning calorimeter. Release profile of F4 was distinct (P < 0.001) from control and displayed steady and prolonged tramadol release by Fickian diffusion. Transdermal therapy of F4 showed prominent reduction of induced twitches (P < 0.005) in mice and edema (P < 0.05) in rats, as compared to oral tramadol. The improvement in clinical efficacy of tramadol in transdermal therapy is correlated with the pharmacokinetic data observed. In conclusion, the observed improvement in antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects from proniosome carriers signifies its potential to be a suitable alternative to oral therapy of tramadol with greater efficacy. 相似文献
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94.
Abdel-Rahman Bashtar Mohey Hassanein Fathy Abdel-Ghaffar Khaled Al-Rasheid Soad Hassan Heinz Mehlhorn Magda AL-Mahdi Kareem Morsy Ali Al-Ghamdi 《Parasitology research》2011,108(1):177-186
Out of 2,343 examined sheep throughout the whole year, 271 were found to be infected with tapeworms (11.5%). The highest infection
rate (22.1%) was recorded in autumn, while the lowest (6%) occurred in summer. Six species of cestodes were identified according
to their prevalence: Moniezia expansa (74%), Moniezia denticulata (8.5%), Moniezia benedeni (4.8%), Moniezia trigonophora (2.7%), and Thysaniezia giardi (2.7%), T. giardi was recorded in Egypt for the first time. M. expansa was found throughout the year with two peaks in January (92.3%) and June (88.5%). SEM examination revealed that M. expansa scolex has four triangular suckers guarded by an X-shaped fibrous band that makes them open permanently. Also, there is a
Y-shaped apical part at the scolex center which may be an embryonically non-developed rostellum. The whole worm body surface
is covered with unidirectional microtriches. TEM showed that the tegument is underlaid by a thick fibrous interstitial layer
below which an outer circular and an inner longitudinal muscular layer are arranged. Beneath these structures the subtegumental
cells are found which have spherical electron-dense inclusions and various other cell organelles. Moreover, M. expansa has interproglottidal glands which contain secretory vesicles and secretions. For biological control of this parasite, different
concentrations of crude plant extract of Artemisia cina were used in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the results indicated that the plant extract is efficacious at all concentrations
tested. Electron microscopic examination showed that many structures of the treated worms were affected. The most affected
sites were the scolex and the microtriches of the outer tegumental surface. In vivo, treatment of heavily infected animals
showed an antihelminthic effect, since the complete absence of eggs was recorded 9 days after treatment when fecal investigations
were done. 相似文献
95.
96.
97.
Fathy Abdel-Ghaffar Abdel-Rahman Bashtar Heinz Mehlhorn Khaled AL-Rasheid Kareem Morsy 《Parasitology research》2011,108(1):219-225
Out of 600 marine fish from the Red Sea belonging to three different species that were collected and examined for microsporidian
parasites, 87 (14.5%) fish were found to be infected. The infection was recorded as cysts or xenomas embedded in the gut epithelium
and the peritoneal cavity of the three fish species. The highest percent of infection with microsporidian parasites was recorded
in Saurida tumbil 19.5% (39/200) followed by Pagrus pagrus 15% (45/300) and the lowest percent of infection was recorded in Epinephelus chlorostigma 3% (three out of 100). After rupture of the cysts, the spores were released and examined by light microscopy. Each spore
was elongated to ellipsoidal in shape and possessed a posterior vacuole which is characteristic to phylum Microspora. They
measure 1.6 ± 0.5 μm (1.5–2.4 μm) × 1.3 ± 0.1 μm (1.3–2.0 μm) in Saurida tumbil and Pagrus pagrus, respectively. The spores of Pleistophora sp recorded from E. chlorostigma were ovoid to pyriform in shape and measure 1.9 ± 0.5 μm (1.8–2.7 μm) × 1.6 ± 0.4 μm (1.5–2.4 μm). 相似文献
98.
99.
Farid HA Morsy ZS Helmy H Ramzy RM El Setouhy M Weil GJ 《The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene》2007,77(4):593-600
We used molecular xenomonitoring (MX, detection of filarial DNA in mosquitoes) to evaluate the impact of mass drug administration (MDA) in sentinel locations in Egypt with high (11.5%) and low (4.1%) baseline microfilaria prevalence rates. Blood-fed Culex pipiens were pooled by household and tested for Wuchereria bancrofti DNA by PCR. There was no significant relationship between the infection status of household residents and parasite DNA status of mosquitoes from the same houses. After 5 MDA rounds, parasite DNA rates in mosquitoes in high- and low-prevalence areas were reduced by 93.8% and 100% to 0.19% (95% CI: 0.076-0.382%) and 0% (95% CI: 0-0.045%), respectively. These changes were consistent with decreases in microfilaria prevalence rates in these sites; they provide insight regarding the minimal mosquito DNA rates necessary for sustained transmission of filariasis in Egypt. We conclude that MX is a powerful tool for monitoring the impact of MDA on filariasis endemicity and transmission. 相似文献
100.
Morsy K Bashtar AR Abdel-Ghaffar F Mehlhorn H Quraishy SA El-Mahdi M Al-Ghamdi A Mostafa N 《Parasitology research》2012,110(3):1131-1138
This study assessed the anisakid nematode distribution pattern in the fish collected from coasts of Mediterranean Sea, Egypt,
during the period September 2010–April 2011. Two hundred thirty out of 300 (76.7%) Dicentrarchus labrax (European seabass) marine fishes belonging to family Moronidae were dissected and found to be infected with larva three nematodes.
The larvae had been studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. The present work represents the first record of the
presence of the parasite in this fish in the Mediterranean Sea. The concentrations of some heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Fe, Cd, Cu,
Mn, Ni) in parasites as well as in tissues of fish were measured. The presented results showed that the nematode parasites
are able to accumulate heavy metals in their tissues and in some cases that they are able to accumulate large amounts of heavy
metals in a higher amount than host tissues. This demonstrated their sustainability as bioindicators of environmental pollution
by removing heavy metals and help in the survival of fish. 相似文献