全文获取类型
收费全文 | 100946篇 |
免费 | 6112篇 |
国内免费 | 449篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1113篇 |
儿科学 | 2527篇 |
妇产科学 | 1786篇 |
基础医学 | 12484篇 |
口腔科学 | 1758篇 |
临床医学 | 10676篇 |
内科学 | 20307篇 |
皮肤病学 | 1356篇 |
神经病学 | 10083篇 |
特种医学 | 4052篇 |
外国民族医学 | 3篇 |
外科学 | 16344篇 |
综合类 | 1086篇 |
一般理论 | 131篇 |
预防医学 | 8233篇 |
眼科学 | 2080篇 |
药学 | 6490篇 |
中国医学 | 106篇 |
肿瘤学 | 6892篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 564篇 |
2022年 | 935篇 |
2021年 | 2096篇 |
2020年 | 1328篇 |
2019年 | 2099篇 |
2018年 | 2551篇 |
2017年 | 1825篇 |
2016年 | 1990篇 |
2015年 | 2274篇 |
2014年 | 3447篇 |
2013年 | 4734篇 |
2012年 | 7568篇 |
2011年 | 7978篇 |
2010年 | 4591篇 |
2009年 | 4139篇 |
2008年 | 7128篇 |
2007年 | 7460篇 |
2006年 | 7179篇 |
2005年 | 6891篇 |
2004年 | 6719篇 |
2003年 | 6048篇 |
2002年 | 5706篇 |
2001年 | 837篇 |
2000年 | 556篇 |
1999年 | 892篇 |
1998年 | 1231篇 |
1997年 | 946篇 |
1996年 | 772篇 |
1995年 | 697篇 |
1994年 | 606篇 |
1993年 | 589篇 |
1992年 | 443篇 |
1991年 | 402篇 |
1990年 | 327篇 |
1989年 | 313篇 |
1988年 | 290篇 |
1987年 | 294篇 |
1986年 | 258篇 |
1985年 | 297篇 |
1984年 | 318篇 |
1983年 | 259篇 |
1982年 | 338篇 |
1981年 | 284篇 |
1980年 | 224篇 |
1979年 | 96篇 |
1978年 | 128篇 |
1977年 | 109篇 |
1976年 | 81篇 |
1975年 | 72篇 |
1973年 | 69篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
51.
Workplace status and risk of hypertension among hourly and salaried aluminum manufacturing employees
Jane Ellen Clougherty Ellen A. Eisen Martin D. Slade Ichiro Kawachi Mark R. Cullen 《Social science & medicine (1982)》2009
An inverse relationship between workplace status and morbidity is well established; higher job status has been associated with reduced risks of heart disease, hypertension, and injury. Most research on job status, however, has focused on salaried populations, and it remains unclear whether job status operates similarly among hourly workers. Our objectives were to examine whether hourly status itself influences risk of hypertension after adjustment for socioeconomic confounders, and to explore the role of fine-scale job grade on hypertension incidence within hourly and salaried groups. We examined data for 14,999 aluminum manufacturing employees in 11 plants across the U.S., using logistic regression with adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity and other individual characteristics. Propensity score restriction was used to identify comparable groups of hourly and salaried employees, reducing confounding by sociodemographic characteristics. Job grade (coded 1 through 30, within hourly and salaried groups) was examined as a more refined measure of job status. Hourly status was associated with an increased risk of hypertension, after propensity restriction and adjustment for confounders. The observed effect of hourly status was stronger among women, although the propensity-restricted cohort was disproportionately male (96%). Among salaried workers, higher job grade was not consistently associated with decreased risk; among hourly employees, however, there was a significant trend, with higher job grades more protective against hypertension. Increasing the stringency of hypertension case criteria also increased the risk of severe or persistent hypertension for hourly employees. 相似文献
52.
Niall C McGonigle J Mark Jones Pushpinder Sidhu Simon W MacGowan 《Journal of cardiothoracic surgery》2007,2(1):24-6
Background
Long-term survival for combined aortic and mitral valve replacement appears to be determined by the mitral valve prosthesis from our previous studies. This 21-year retrospective study assess long-term outcome and durability of aortic valve replacement (AVR) with either concomitant mitral valve replacement (MVR) or mitral valve repair (MVrep). We consider only a single mechanical prosthesis. 相似文献53.
54.
55.
Noriyoshi Kurihara Hua Zhou Sakamuri V Reddy Veronica Garcia Palacios Mark A Subler David W Dempster Jolene J Windle G David Roodman 《Journal of bone and mineral research》2006,21(3):446-455
We targeted the MVNP gene to the OCL lineage in transgenic mice. These mice developed abnormal OCLs and bone lesions similar to those found in Paget's patients. These results show that persistent expression of MVNP in OCLs can induce pagetic-like bone lesions in vivo. INTRODUCTION: Paget's disease (PD) of bone is the second most common bone disease. Both genetic and viral factors have been implicated in its pathogenesis, but their exact roles in vivo are unclear. We previously reported that transfection of normal human osteoclast (OCL) precursors with the measles virus nucleocapsid (MVNP) or measles virus (MV) infection of bone marrow cells from transgenic mice expressing a MV receptor results in formation of pagetic-like OCLs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on these in vitro studies, we determined if the MVNP gene from either an Edmonston-related strain of MV or a MVNP gene sequence derived from a patient with PD (P-MVNP), when targeted to cells in the OCL lineage of transgenic mice with the TRACP promoter (TRACP/MVNP mice), induced changes in bone similar to those found in PD. RESULTS: Bone marrow culture studies and histomorphometric analysis of bones from these mice showed that their OCLs displayed many of the features of pagetic OCLs and that they developed bone lesions that were similar to those in patients with PD. Furthermore, IL-6 seemed to be required for the development of the pagetic phenotype in OCLs from TRACP/MVNP mice. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that persistent expression of the MVNP gene in cells of the OCL lineage can induce pagetic-like bone lesions in vivo. 相似文献
56.
57.
58.
Incidence of BK with Tacrolimus Versus Cyclosporine and Impact of Preemptive Immunosuppression Reduction 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Daniel C. Brennan Irfan Agha Daniel L. Bohl Mark A. Schnitzler Karen L. Hardinger Mark Lockwood Stephanie Torrence Rebecca Schuessler Tiffany Roby Monique Gaudreault-Keener Gregory A. Storch 《American journal of transplantation》2005,5(3):582-594
Our purposes were to determine the incidence of BK viruria, viremia or nephropathy with tacrolimus (FK506) versus cyclosporine (CyA) and whether intensive monitoring and discontinuation of mycophenolate (MMF) or azathioprine (AZA), upon detection of BK viremia, could prevent BK nephropathy. We randomized 200 adult renal transplant recipients to FK506 (n = 134) or CyA (n = 66). Urine and blood were collected weekly for 16 weeks and at months 5, 6, 9 and 12 and analyzed for BK by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). By 1 year, 70 patients (35%) developed viruria and 23 (11.5%) viremia; neither were affected independently by FK506, CyA, MMF or AZA. Viruria was highest with FK506-MMF (46%) and lowest with CyA-MMF (13%), p = 0.005. Viruria >/= 9.5 log(10) copies/mL was associated with a 3-fold increased risk of viremia and a 13-fold increased risk of sustained viremia. After reduction of immunosuppression, viremia resolved in 95%, without increased acute rejection, allograft dysfunction or graft loss. No BK nephropathy was observed. Choice of calcineurin inhibitor or adjuvant immunosuppression, independently, did not affect BK viruria or viremia. Viruria was highest with FK506-MMF and lowest with CyA-MMF. Monitoring and preemptive withdrawal of immunosuppression were associated with resolution of viremia and absence of BK nephropathy without acute rejection or graft loss. 相似文献
59.
Najat C Daw Wayne L Furman Clinton F Stewart Lisa C Iacono Mark Krailo Mark L Bernstein Janet E Dancey Rose Anne Speights Susan M Blaney James M Croop Gregory H Reaman Peter C Adamson 《Journal of clinical oncology》2005,23(25):6172-6180
PURPOSE: Epidermal growth factor receptor is expressed in pediatric malignant solid tumors. We conducted a phase I trial of gefitinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in children with refractory solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Gefitinib (150, 300, 400, or 500 mg/m2) was administered orally to cohorts of three to six patients once daily continuously until disease progression or significant toxicity. Pharmacokinetic studies were performed during course one (day 1 through 28). RESULTS: Of the 25 enrolled patients, 19 (median age, 15 years) were fully evaluable for toxicity and received 54 courses. Dose-limiting toxicity was rash in two patients treated with 500 mg/m2 and elevated ALT and AST in one patient treated with 400 mg/m2. The maximum-tolerated dose was 400 mg/m2/d. The most frequent non-dose-limiting toxicities were grade 1 or 2 dry skin, anemia, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. One patient with Ewing's sarcoma had a partial response. Disease stabilized for 8 to > or = 60 weeks in two patients with Wilms' tumor and two with brainstem glioma (one exophytic). At 400 mg/m2, the median peak gefitinib plasma concentration was 2.2 microg/mL (range, 1.2 to 3.6 microg/mL) and occurred at a median of 2.3 hours (range, 2.0 to 8.3 hours) after drug administration. The median apparent clearance and median half-life were 14.8 L/h/m2 (range, 3.8 to 24.8 L/h/m2) and 11.7 hours (range, 5.6 to 22.8 hours), respectively. Gefitinib systemic exposures were comparable with those associated with antitumor activity in adults. CONCLUSION: Oral gefitinib is well tolerated in children. Development of the drug in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy will be pursued. 相似文献
60.
Practical management of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer treated with gefitinib. 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Neelam T Shah Mark G Kris William Pao Leslie B Tyson Barbara M Pizzo Murk-Hein Heinemann Leah Ben-Porat Dana L Sachs Robert T Heelan Vincent A Miller 《Journal of clinical oncology》2005,23(1):165-174
PURPOSE: The use of gefitinib, the first drug approved to inhibit the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase, is indicated in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer with tumors progressive after chemotherapy. The unique mechanism of action of this agent leads to distinctive patterns of response and toxicity in persons with lung cancer. Many of the principles of management relevant to gefitinib are distinct from those with conventional cytotoxic drugs. To meet this need, we present practical guidelines on the use of gefitinib in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. METHODS: This article reviews gefitinib's indications, dosing, response phenomena, and patterns of relapse in individuals with radiographic response. RESULTS: We present our recommendations for the management of rash and diarrhea caused by this agent. CONCLUSION: This information can guide practitioners and help them inform their patients about what to expect when they receive gefitinib. 相似文献