全文获取类型
收费全文 | 97201篇 |
免费 | 6716篇 |
国内免费 | 295篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1294篇 |
儿科学 | 2521篇 |
妇产科学 | 2194篇 |
基础医学 | 14423篇 |
口腔科学 | 2289篇 |
临床医学 | 9304篇 |
内科学 | 20646篇 |
皮肤病学 | 1364篇 |
神经病学 | 9169篇 |
特种医学 | 4006篇 |
外国民族医学 | 46篇 |
外科学 | 14252篇 |
综合类 | 744篇 |
一般理论 | 100篇 |
预防医学 | 6919篇 |
眼科学 | 1652篇 |
药学 | 6550篇 |
中国医学 | 204篇 |
肿瘤学 | 6535篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 580篇 |
2021年 | 1883篇 |
2020年 | 1169篇 |
2019年 | 1777篇 |
2018年 | 2170篇 |
2017年 | 1508篇 |
2016年 | 1655篇 |
2015年 | 1967篇 |
2014年 | 2653篇 |
2013年 | 4090篇 |
2012年 | 5584篇 |
2011年 | 5865篇 |
2010年 | 3800篇 |
2009年 | 3374篇 |
2008年 | 5184篇 |
2007年 | 5426篇 |
2006年 | 5248篇 |
2005年 | 5001篇 |
2004年 | 4856篇 |
2003年 | 4493篇 |
2002年 | 4351篇 |
2001年 | 2424篇 |
2000年 | 2377篇 |
1999年 | 2207篇 |
1998年 | 1248篇 |
1997年 | 1021篇 |
1996年 | 856篇 |
1995年 | 883篇 |
1994年 | 730篇 |
1993年 | 771篇 |
1992年 | 1541篇 |
1991年 | 1499篇 |
1990年 | 1421篇 |
1989年 | 1391篇 |
1988年 | 1159篇 |
1987年 | 1157篇 |
1986年 | 1100篇 |
1985年 | 1027篇 |
1984年 | 778篇 |
1983年 | 735篇 |
1982年 | 541篇 |
1981年 | 516篇 |
1980年 | 443篇 |
1979年 | 660篇 |
1978年 | 412篇 |
1977年 | 383篇 |
1975年 | 397篇 |
1974年 | 437篇 |
1973年 | 365篇 |
1972年 | 356篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Aurora Perez-Cornago Georgina K. Fensom Colm Andrews Eleanor L. Watts Naomi E. Allen Richard M. Martin Mieke Van Hemelrijck Timothy J. Key Ruth C. Travis 《British journal of cancer》2020,123(12):1808
Background Although prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer death, its aetiology is not well understood. We aimed to identify novel biochemical factors for prostate cancer incidence and mortality in UK Biobank.Methods A range of cardiovascular, bone, joint, diabetes, renal and liver-related biomarkers were measured in baseline blood samples collected from up to 211,754 men at recruitment and in a subsample 5 years later. Participants were followed-up via linkage to health administrative datasets to identify prostate cancer cases. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression corrected for regression dilution bias. Multiple testing was accounted for by using a false discovery rate controlling procedure.Results After an average follow-up of 6.9 years, 5763 prostate cancer cases and 331 prostate cancer deaths were ascertained. Prostate cancer incidence was positively associated with circulating vitamin D, urea and phosphate concentrations and inversely associated with glucose, total protein and aspartate aminotransferase. Phosphate and cystatin-C were the only biomarkers positively and inversely, respectively, associated with risk in analyses excluding the first 4 years of follow-up. There was little evidence of associations with prostate cancer death.Conclusion We found novel associations of several biomarkers with prostate cancer incidence. Future research will examine associations by tumour characteristics.Subject terms: Predictive markers, Prostate cancer, Risk factors 相似文献
22.
Ahmed Elhassanny Rene Escobedo Daniel Ladin Colin Burns Rukiyah Van Dross 《Oncotarget》2020,11(52):4788
Metastatic melanoma is the most deadly skin neoplasm in the United States. Outcomes for this lethal disease have improved dramatically due to the use of both targeted and immunostimulatory drugs. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) has emerged as another approach for initiating antitumor immunity. ICD is triggered by tumor cells that display damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). These DAMP molecules recruit and activate dendritic cells (DCs) that present tumor-specific antigens to T cells which eliminate neoplastic cells. Interestingly, the expression of DAMP molecules occurs in an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-dependent manner. We have previously shown that ER stress was required for the cytotoxic activity of the endocannabinoid metabolite, 15-deoxy, Δ12,14 prostamide J2 (15dPMJ2). As such, the current study investigates whether 15dPMJ2 induces DAMP signaling in melanoma. In B16F10 cells, 15dPMJ2 caused a significant increase in the cell surface expression of calreticulin (CRT), the release of ATP and the secretion of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), three molecules that serve as surrogate markers of ICD. 15dPMJ2 also stimulated the cell surface expression of the DAMP molecules, heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and Hsp90. In addition, the display of CRT and ATP was increased by 15dPMJ2 to a greater extent in tumorigenic compared to non-tumorigenic melanocytes. Consistent with this finding, the activation of bone marrow-derived DCs was upregulated in co-cultures with 15dPMJ2-treated tumor compared to non-tumor melanocytes. Moreover, 15dPMJ2-mediated DAMP exposure and DC activation required the electrophilic cyclopentenone double bond within the structure of 15dPMJ2 and the ER stress pathway. These results demonstrate that 15dPMJ2 is a tumor-selective inducer of DAMP signaling in melanoma. 相似文献
23.
24.
Background Context
Long-term follow-up of patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) is essential in both modern spinal care and research. Lack of time and staff are commonly reported barriers to implementing long-term follow-up of PROM. Automated and digital follow-up systems for PROM collection are seeing widespread use, yet their validity and comparative effectiveness have never been evaluated.Purpose
The present study aimed to assess the validity of digital follow-up systems in comparison with the conventional paper-based follow-up (PB-FU).Study Design
This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected double follow-up data.Patient Sample
Patients who underwent lumbar spinal fusion for spondylolisthesis or degenerative disc disease between 2013 and 2016 were included in the study.Outcome Measures
The study determined the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for back and leg pain severity at baseline, 6 weeks, 12 months, and 24 months.Materials and Methods
After lumbar spinal fusion surgery, a double follow-up of PROM was carried out by conventional PB-FU during clinical visits, while simultaneously completing an automatically dispatched digital follow-up questionnaire. As the primary end point, we assessed the intraindividual discrepancy in PROM between PB-FU and automated digital follow-up (AD-FU).Results
Forty patients completed all parts of the dual follow-up trajectory and were analyzed. We detected no discrepancy in ODI or NRS for back and leg pain severity at any of the baseline, 6-week, 12-month, or 24 month follow-ups (all p>.05). This was confirmed in a sensitivity analysis.Conclusions
In an analysis of dual paper-based and digital follow-up after lumbar fusion surgery, patients report highly similar values using either method of follow-up. It appears that AD-FU without incentives produces lower response rates. To reassess the validity of these systems for data collection in spinal patient care, a prospective validation with higher statistical power is warranted. 相似文献25.
26.
27.
28.
Renaud Snanoudj Nassim Kamar Elisabeth Cassuto Sophie Caillard Marie Metzger Pierre Merville Antoine Thierry Isabelle Jollet Philippe Grimbert Dany Anglicheau Marc Hazzan Gabriel Choukroun Bruno Hurault De Ligny Bénedicte Janbon Vincent Vuiblet Anne Devys Yann Le Meur Michel Delahousse Jean-Luc Taupin 《Kidney international》2019,95(6):1471-1485
29.
Julie A. Schmidt Georgina K. Fensom Sabina Rinaldi Augustin Scalbert Paul N. Appleby David Achaintre Audrey Gicquiau Marc J. Gunter Pietro Ferrari Rudolf Kaaks Tilman Kühn Heiner Boeing Antonia Trichopoulou Anna Karakatsani Eleni Peppa Domenico Palli Sabina Sieri Rosario Tumino Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita Antonio Agudo Maria-Jose Sánchez María-Dolores Chirlaque Eva Ardanaz Nerea Larrañaga Aurora Perez-Cornago Nada Assi Elio Riboli Konstantinos K. Tsilidis Timothy J. Key Ruth C. Travis 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,146(3):720-730
Metabolomics may reveal novel insights into the etiology of prostate cancer, for which few risk factors are established. We investigated the association between patterns in baseline plasma metabolite profile and subsequent prostate cancer risk, using data from 3,057 matched case–control sets from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). We measured 119 metabolite concentrations in plasma samples, collected on average 9.4 years before diagnosis, by mass spectrometry (AbsoluteIDQ p180 Kit, Biocrates Life Sciences AG). Metabolite patterns were identified using treelet transform, a statistical method for identification of groups of correlated metabolites. Associations of metabolite patterns with prostate cancer risk (OR1SD) were estimated by conditional logistic regression. Supplementary analyses were conducted for metabolite patterns derived using principal component analysis and for individual metabolites. Men with metabolite profiles characterized by higher concentrations of either phosphatidylcholines or hydroxysphingomyelins (OR1SD = 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.66–0.89), acylcarnitines C18:1 and C18:2, glutamate, ornithine and taurine (OR1SD = 0.72, 0.57–0.90), or lysophosphatidylcholines (OR1SD = 0.81, 0.69–0.95) had lower risk of advanced stage prostate cancer at diagnosis, with no evidence of heterogeneity by follow-up time. Similar associations were observed for the two former patterns with aggressive disease risk (the more aggressive subset of advanced stage), while the latter pattern was inversely related to risk of prostate cancer death (OR1SD = 0.77, 0.61–0.96). No associations were observed for prostate cancer overall or less aggressive tumor subtypes. In conclusion, metabolite patterns may be related to lower risk of more aggressive prostate tumors and prostate cancer death, and might be relevant to etiology of advanced stage prostate cancer. 相似文献
30.