炔诺酮肟(NETO)与炔诺酮(NET)在猴体内的药代动力学

利用HPLC分离和液闪测定放射性的方法,研究了恒河猴ⅳ和鼻饲NETO和NET的药代动力学。鼻饲后NETO和NET吸收迅速,24 h内均基本消除。鼻饲或ⅳNETO后,一部分迅速转变为NET,一部分以原药形式存在。两药的血药浓度—时间曲线符合po或ⅳ的二室开放模型。二原药的主要药代动力学参数无显著差异。NETO与NET的鼻饲绝对生物利用度分別为64.46±34.60与35.02±26.49%。     

Diagnosis of choledocholithiasis and bile duct stenosis by magnetic resonance cholangiogram

We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) in the diagnosis of bile duct calculi and stenosis. Two‐dimensional fast spin echo (FSE) MR cholangiograms were performed using torso multicoil array as a surface coil and respiratory triggering in 50 patients suspected of having bile duct disease. Coronal and axial images were acquired and reviewed prospectively by two radiologists. Direct cholangiographic correlation (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography [ERCP], intraoperative cholangiogram, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram) and surgery were available for comparison and were reviewed by two radiologists. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MRC in diagnosing bile duct dilatation, choledocholithiasis and stenosis were evaluated. It yielded a sensitivity and a specificity of 100% in diagnosing bile duct dilatation. In the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis, MRC yielded a sensitivity of 95%, a specificity and an accuracy of 96%. Bile duct stenosis was diagnosed with a sensitivity and a specificity of 100%. We concluded that MRC exhibited high accuracy in diagnosing bile duct stenosis and choledocholithiasis.     

Comparative aspects of oxytocin in baboon (Papio hamadryus anubis) and human corpora lutea

In spite of the importance of the corpus luteum in human reproduction,little is known about its formation after ovulation and duringregression in the absence of conception. This is largely dueto constraints on the availability of normal human tissue: thereforean appropriate model which could be studied and provide informationapplicable to the human was sought. The baboon (Papio), a non-humanprimate, has been determined to be one such model. Thus, inthe past several years our studies have examined the role ofluteal peptides in corpus luteum function, and, when possible,we have attempted to examine corpora lutea from the human andbaboon in parallel. Although a milk-ejection factor was recognizedto be present in luteal tissue in 1910 (Ott and Scott, Proc.Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., Vol. 8, p 49), the role of oxytocin inluteal physiology has not been easy to ascertain. This is inpart due to the methodologies employed to assess its role. Ourstudies summarized below suggest that oxytocin does not directlyaffect luteal steroidogenesis, but that it may play a role incell to cell communication involving the expression of the gapjunction proteins, the connexins. In view of the fact that oxytocin,its receptor, gap junctions and associated proteins are notunique to the human and non-human primates, the model of lutealdevelopment and demise proposed may be applicable to most species.     

抑郁症患者的认知功能特征

目的:分析抑郁症患者认知功能障碍的特点以及抗抑郁药治疗对认知功能的影响。方法:选择2003-08/2004-08在大连医科大学附属第一医院神经内科门诊及心理门诊就诊的抑郁症患者41例,另选择本院职工及健康体检者20例作为对照组,两组观察对象均知情同意。抑郁症患者采用盐酸万拉法辛缓释片(惠氏制药生产)治疗,75mg/次口服,1次/d,疗程最短为4个月。抑郁症患者治疗前及服药6周后进行神经心理学测验及汉密顿抑郁量表评定,并与对照组比较。评估工具:①神经心理学测验方法:采用数字广度-倒背、数字符号测验、连线测验A型及连续操作测验测定注意力;采用数字广度-顺背、无意义图形再认及联想学习测定记忆力;采用连线测验B型、言语流畅性测验及威斯康星卡片分类测验(包括总测验次数、正确数、持续错误数、随机错误数及分类数)测定执行功能。②汉密顿抑郁量表:量表总分8～16分为轻度抑郁;17～23分为中度抑郁;≥24分为重度抑郁。结果:33例抑郁症患者治疗前完成全部神经心理学测验,21例治疗6周后复查神经心理学测验;对照组全部进入结果分析。①抑郁症患者的一般情况与神经心理学测验及汉密顿抑郁量表评分的相关性:抑郁症患者的年龄与数字符号、数字广度顺背呈显著负相关(r=-0.537,-0.528,P<0.05),不同性别及不同受教育程度者各项测验成绩相比差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。病程与连线测验B型呈显著正相关(r=0.346,P<0.05),汉密顿抑郁量表总分与各测验得分无相关(P>0.05)。②治疗前两组观察对象的评分比较及抑郁症患者治疗前及治疗6周后自身评分比较:治疗前对照组神经心理学测验成绩显著优于抑郁症组(P<0.05)。抑郁症患者治疗前及治疗6周后连线测验B型、数字符号、无意义图形再认、联想学习、言语流畅性测验、威斯康星卡片分类测验的总测验次数、持续错误数及随机错误数比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);治疗6周后以上各项虽有所改善,但抑郁症组的连线测验、数字符号、无意义图形再认、威斯康星卡片分类测验的总测验次数、随机错误数的评分仍显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:抑郁症患者存在认知功能的缺损,随着临床症状的改善,认知功能可得到部分改善,但不能在短时间内达到正常水平。     

Alteration of QT Rate Dependence Reflects Cardiac Autonomic Imbalance in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

QT rate dependence is one of the major properties of ventricular repolarization with its circadian and autonomic modulations. The authors postulated that dynamic alterations in QT interval adaptation could help characterize patients with cardiac autonomic alterations, like those with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). To assess ventricular repolarization features in patients with OSAS, QT parameters and their dynamicity along RR intervals were compared from 24-hour ECG data of patients with and without this syndrome, assessing cardiac autonomic nervous system equilibrium by means of time-domain and frequency-domain analyses of heart rate variability (HRV). The study group consisted of 74 consecutive patients referred to the Sleep Laboratory for clinically suspected OSAS. The syndrome was confirmed in 30 (40.5%) patients according to standard polysomnographic criteria. QT length related to heart rate (HR) was found significantly shorter for HR < 70 beats/min in patients with OSAS   (−1.32 ± 0.35)   compared with patients without OSAS   (−1.99 ± 0.40; P < 0.01)   . This flattened relationship was correlated with the severity of the sleep related disorder. Using multiple linear regression analysis, the apnea/hypopnea index and nocturnal normalized high frequencies (HFnu) were the most significant predictors of the QT/RR slope   (R = 0.61; P < 0.0001)   . OSAS is significantly associated with a flattened relationship between QT duration and RR interval at low HRs. The alteration of cardiac parasympathetic tone occuring in severe OSAS patients may explain this altered rate dependent adaptation of myocardial repolarization. (PACE 2003; 26[Pt. I]:1446–1453)     

10种中药有效成分抑制口腔主要致病菌比较

目的：为评价常见中药对口腔主要致病菌作用及其作为口腔保健用药的可能性。方法：从文献报导中有抗致龋作用的中草药中选择出１０种中药或天然植物进行１０种代表性的口腔致病菌的药敏试验。结果：茶多酚和鞣酸具有较强的抑菌和杀菌作用。结论：初步认为茶多酚和鞣酸更适合作为预防和治疗口腔疾病的保健用药。     

超临界流体色谱法测定三七及云南白药中人参二醇和人参三醇的含量

本文用超临界流体色谱法(SFC)测定了三七和云南白药中人参二醇及人参三醇的含量。使用15%硫酸乙醇—水(1:1)直接进行水解,然后碱水解,克服了文献报道的水解不完全、结果不稳定、不能定量回收的缺点。本法取样量少,灵敏度高,操作简单、快速、整个分析过程可在8h内完成。     

A case of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis in connective tissue disease

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) with spontaneous pneumoperitoneum is a rare but important condition in patients with connective tissue disease. In the present study, we report on a woman with mixed connective tissue disease who presented with PCI, and subsequently symptoms, of chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction. Prompt surgical resection of the bowel segment with pneumatosis should be considered to prevent a condition of gas leakage from turning into full‐blown chemical peritonitis.     

Gunshot-caused Facial Injury Combined with Lower Cervical Spine Injury: A Case Report

A 32-year old male patient was wounded by a pistol. As shown in computed tomography (CT) scanning images, there was comminuted fracture of the left mandible and the bullet was found in the left side behind the sixth cervical vertebra. After the patient was hospitalized, the debridement was done in the emergency room and the operation of open reduction and internal fixation for comminuted fracture of left mandible was performed successfully. Eighteen days later, the patient was taken to surgery for anterior cervical decompression and fusion with autogenous iliac bone grafting for the sixth cervical vertebra. Postoperative follow-up of the patient over two years indicated that the left biceps muscle strength was recovered to level 4. Gunshot wound to the face associated with injury of the low cervical spine has the possibility of survival. It is safe to treat facial wounds early in the patient''s treatment course, even if the bullet remains in the cervical vertebral body and there is neurological function damage.