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981.
982.
P. J. McCLUSKEY MB BS FRACO FRACS D. WAKEFIELD MO FRACP FRCPA 《Clinical & experimental ophthalmology》1985,13(3):293-298
The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has reached epidemic proportions in the USA and the incidence of this potentially fatal viral infection is increasing rapidly in Australia. The loss of normal cellular immunity in affected individuals predisposes them to severe opportunistic infections and neoplasms, especially Kaposi's sarcoma. Both of these pathological processes may affect the eye, and ocular involvement with an opportunistic infection or malignancy may be the first clue to the presence of AIDS. We present here the first Australian report of a patient with AIDS presenting with ocular involvement. The case is discussed in relation to current concepts of AIDS. 相似文献
983.
The effect of atracurium or fazadinium on intra-ocular pressure. A comparative study during induction of general anaesthesia 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
M.P. Tattersall ME BS FFARCS Consultant N. J. Manus MB BS FFARCS Registrar D.M. Jackson FFARCS DObstRCOG Consultant 《Anaesthesia》1985,40(8):805-807
The effect of atracurium 0.6 mg/kg (group A; n = 11) and fazadinium 1 mg/kg (group F; n = 11) on intraocular pressure (IOP) was investigated in 22 patients during induction of anaesthesia with thiopentone 4 mg/kg and fentanyl 0.015 mg/kg. IOP was significantly reduced (p less than 0.01) in all patients following induction of anaesthesia. Intubation produced a rise in IOP in all patients but this was not statistically significant and remained below pre-induction values. The changes were similar in each group. Both of these neuromuscular blockers appear suitable relaxants to use for intraocular surgery. 相似文献
984.
985.
Annalisa Angelini MD Claus Boegelund Andersen MD DMSc Giovanni Bartoloni MD Fiona Black MD FRCPath Paul Bishop Helen Doran MB FRCPath Marny Fedrigo MD Jochen W.U. Fries MD PhD Martin Goddard MD FRCPath Heike Goebel MD Desley Neil BMedSc FRCPath Ornella Leone MD Andrea Marzullo MD Monika Ortmann MD Francois Paraf MD Samuel Rotman MD Nesrin Turhan MD Patrick Bruneval MD Anna Chiara Frigo MSc Francesco Grigoletto MD Alessio Gasparetto MSc Roberto Mencarelli MD Gaetano Thiene MD Margaret Burke MD FRCPath 《The Journal of heart and lung transplantation》2011,30(11):1214-1220
986.
De‐hui Zhang MM Zheng‐qing Wu MB Xin‐cheng Zuo MD Jian‐wei Li MM Chang‐lin Huang MB 《Orthopaedic Surgery》2011,3(1):35-39
Objective: To investigate the diagnosis and surgical treatment of excessive lateral pressure syndrome of the patellofemoral joint caused by military training. Methods: Fifteen patients (patient group) and 18 healthy volunteers (control group) were involved in this retrospective study. Radiographs of the knee joints of all patients and volunteers were taken. The bone architecture was assessed, the trochlear angle, coincidence angle and patellofemoral joint index measured in both groups, and the resulting data compared. All 15 patients (17 knees) were treated by lateral collateral retinaculum release. Pre‐ and post‐operative pain was evaluated with a visual analog scale (VAS). Results: The differences between the two groups in coincidence angle (patient group: 7.67°± 5.81°; control group: ?2.2°±?2.71°) and patellofemoral joint index (patient group: 2.49 ± 1.40; control group: 1.25 ± 0.15) were statistically significant. Subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophytosis in the patellofemoral joint were more pronounced in the patient group than in the control group. The VAS was higher preoperatively (7.06 ± 0.85) than postoperatively (6 months postoperatively: 3.87 ± 0.24; 1 year postoperatively: 3.01 ± 0.17), and the differences between preoperative and postoperative were statistically significant. Conclusions: Apart from the case history, typical symptoms and physical signs, X‐ray examination is the most basic way to diagnose excessive lateral pressure syndrome of the patellofemoral joint, and the patellofemoral joint index is the most reliable for diagnosis. Lateral collateral retinaculum release with a small‐incision is an effective treatment for this disease. 相似文献
987.
Yuliya Lytvyn PhD Petter Bjornstad MD Julie A. Lovshin PhD Sunita K. Singh MSc Genevieve Boulet MD Mohammed A. Farooqi MD Vesta Lai RN Josephine Tse RN Leslie Cham RN Leif E. Lovblom MSc Alanna Weisman MD Hillary A. Keenan PhD Michael H. Brent MD Narinder Paul MD Vera Bril MD Andrew Advani PhD Etienne Sochett MB ChB Bruce A. Perkins MPH David Z. I. Cherney PhD 《Diabetes, obesity & metabolism》2019,21(6):1388-1398
988.
In people with type 2 diabetes the frequency of heart failure (HF) is increased and mortality from HF is higher than with non-diabetic HF. The increased frequency of HF is attributable to the cardiotoxic tetrad of ischaemic heart disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, diabetic cardiomyopathy and an extracellular volume expansion resistant to atrial natriuretic peptides. Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and sympathetic nervous systems results in cardiac remodelling, which worsens cardiac function. Reversal of remodelling can be achieved, and cardiac function improved in people with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) by treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and β-blockers. However, with HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), only therapy for the underlying risk factors helps. Blockers of mineralocorticoid receptors may be beneficial in both HFrEF and HFpEF. Glucose-lowering drugs can have a negative effect (insulin, sulphonylureas, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and thiazolidinediones), a neutral effect (α-glucosidase inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists) or a positive effect (sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors and metformin). 相似文献
989.
Dalal PG Dalal GB Pott L Bezinover D Prozesky J Bosseau Murray W 《Journal canadien d'anesthésie》2011,58(9):802-809
Background
In various medical and surgical specialties, it is essential to acquire fibreoptic upper airway endoscopy skills for successful endotracheal intubation, especially when faced with a difficult airway. The aim of our study was to evaluate the learning curves of residents performing fibreoptic upper airway endoscopy in the simulation environment.Methods
Following a standardized video and practice session, 16 residents newly enrolled in the anesthesiology program performed nasal fibreoptic endoscopy of the upper airway (endpoint being the carina) on a high fidelity simulator. Weekly 20-min sessions continued for a period of one month. Each attempt was designated as either a “success” or a “failure” based on the study participant’s ability or inability to visualize the carina in ≤60 sec and with ≤five collisions with the simulated mucosal wall. Proficiency was attained when the downward graphical trend of the cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis crossed two adjacent boundary lines, i.e., an acceptable failure rate was reached.Results
The residents’ mean number of attempts at fibreoptic airway endoscopy was 47 (9) with a range of 32–64. Time to visualization of the carina was 51 (36) sec. Three classical patterns of CUSUM trends were observed: proficient (n = 7); not proficient with a downward (improvement) trend (n = 3); and not proficient with an upward (worsening) trend (n = 6). The number of attempts at which proficiency was achieved varied from 27 to 58.Conclusion
There is a large variation in the learning curves of residents performing fibreoptic upper airway endoscopy. The training for fibreoptic airway endoscopy should be tailored to the needs of each individual. 相似文献990.