杭州市城区不同特征人群对体力活动相关建成环境的主观感知评价

目的 了解杭州市城区不同特征人群的体力活动相关建成环境主观感知情况。方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法在杭州市城区抽取25~59岁常住居民开展面对面问卷调查。社区步行环境量表简版(NEWS-A)用于评价居民对社区内住宅密度、场所设施多样性、公共服务可及性、街道连通性、步行道和自行车道适宜性、美观舒适度、交通安全、治安8个建成环境维度的主观感知。采用两水平logistic回归模型分析社会人口学特征和BMI等个体因素对居民建成环境主观感知的影响。结果 共纳入1 362例常住居民,性别、婚姻状况、是否有工作与建成环境主观感知各维度得分关联均无统计学意义。调整其他因素影响后,年龄45~59岁与街道连通性感知得分呈正相关(OR=2.02,95%CI:1.30~3.15)。大专及以上文化程度与人口密度感知得分存在正相关(OR=1.97,95%CI:1.29~3.00),与场所设施多样性感知得分呈负相关(OR=0.65,95%CI:0.43~0.97)。超重肥胖与步行道/自行车道(OR=0.67,95%CI:0.48~0.95)和社区治安得分(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.57~0.99)均呈负相关。相对于Ⅰ类区域,Ⅲ类区域居民对场所设施多样性(OR=0.11,95%CI:0.04~0.30)、公共服务可及性(OR=0.33,95%CI:0.11~0.95)、街道连通性(OR=0.30,95%CI:0.11~0.86)、交通安全(OR=0.39,95%CI:0.17~0.91)的主观感知得分更低。结论 杭州市城区居民对体力活动相关的建成环境主观感知与年龄、文化程度、BMI和居住区域存在相关性,开展人群体力活动的环境干预时需要考虑个体特征。     

胎盘组织中牙周细菌对子痫前期孕妇妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨子痫前期(PE)合并牙周炎患者血清C反应蛋白(CRP)水平、胎盘组织中牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Pg)、伴放线放线杆菌(An)、具核梭杆菌(Fn)、直肠弯曲菌(Cr)4种牙周细菌的表达及胎盘组织中一氧化氮(NO)含量变化的意义。方法选择2012年1月至2013年10月于广东省妇幼保健院诊断为PE并住院分娩的25例孕妇为研究对象,并纳入PE组。此外,随机选择同期于本院建卡、定期接受产前检查并住院分娩的健康孕妇27例纳入对照组。按照是否合并牙周炎,进一步将PE组和对照组分别分为PE合并牙周炎亚组(PE-A亚组,n=16)、PE未合并牙周炎亚组(PE-B亚组,n=9)与正常妊娠合并牙周炎亚组(对照-A亚组,n=10)、正常妊娠未合并牙周炎亚组(对照-B亚组,n=17)。4组受试者的年龄构成比、体质量、孕前体质指数(BMI)等一般临床病历资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。本研究遵循的程序符合广东省妇幼保健院人体试验委员会制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,分组征得受试对象的知情同意,并与之签署临床研究知情同意书。分别使用免疫透射比浊法、PCR、Western blotting、Griess法对孕妇血清CRP水平、胎盘组织中牙周细菌DNA、内皮细胞型一氧化氮合成酶(eNOS)表达水平及胎盘组织中NO含量进行检测,分析组间表达水平的差异。结果 1PE组和对照组孕妇的牙周炎患病率、PD、CAL和BOP比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2PE-A亚组孕妇的平均收缩压(MSBP)、平均舒张压(MDBP)、早产率和胎儿宫内受限发生率显著高于对照-A亚组和对照-B亚组,并且差异均有统计学意义(MSBP:P<0.05;MDBP:P<0.05;早产率:P<0.05;胎儿宫内受限发生率:P<0.05)。3PE-B亚组孕妇的MSBP、MDBP、早产率和胎儿宫内受限发生率亦显著高于对照-A亚组和对照-B亚组,并且差异均有统计学意义(MSBP:P<0.05;MDBP:P<0.05;早产率:P<0.05;胎儿宫内受限发生率:P<0.05)。4PE-A亚组胎儿窘迫发生率显著高于对照-B亚组,并且差异均有统计学意义(P=0.018)。5PE-A亚组的分娩孕龄、胎儿出生体质量、胎盘细胞组织的NO含量、胎盘重量均显著低于对照-A亚组和对照-B亚组,并且差异均有统计学意义(分娩孕龄:P<0.05;胎儿出生体质量:P<0.05;胎盘细胞组织的NO合成量:t=-28.8,-42.1;P<0.05;胎盘重量:P<0.05,P<0.001)。6PEB亚组孕妇的平均分娩孕龄、胎儿出生体质量、胎盘重量亦显著低于对照-A亚组和对照-B亚组,并且差异均有统计学意义(分娩孕龄:P<0.05;胎儿出生体质量:P<0.05;胎盘重量:P<0.05,P<0.001)。7PE-A亚组孕妇血清CRP水平、胎盘组织Pg、Aa和Cr检出率显著高于对照-B亚组,并且差异有统计学意义(血清CRP水平:P=0.038;胎盘组织Pg、Aa和Cr检出率:χ2=5.097,P=0.024;χ2=7.659,P=0.006;P=0.044)。8PE-A亚组β-actin/eNOS值显著高于PE-B亚组、对照-A亚组及对照-B亚组,并且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PE-B亚组β-actin/eNOS值显著高于对照-B亚组,并且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照-A和对照-B亚组组间比较,差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.05)。9各组间胎盘指数比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论牙周细菌及其产物可能侵入胎盘组织,通过激发机体炎症反应抑制胎盘eNOS活性,从而增加PE孕妇不良妊娠结局发生率。     

Effect of RAGE and its ligands on CD4+ T cells北大核心CSCD

RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products) is a multiligand receptor on the cell surface. Ligand-RAGE interactions activate several signal transduction pathways that propagate cellular oxidative stress and inflammatory response. RAGE expressed on the CD4+ T cells has been identified as a central transduction receptor which affects the activation, proliferation, migration and differentiation of the cells. In addition, blockade of RAGE suppressed the development of multiple immune-related disorders mediated by CD4+ T cells. These studies highlight the importance of RAGE and its ligands for CD4+ T cells. This article briefly reviews the role of RAGE and its ligands on the proliferation, migration and differentiation of CD4+ T cells and summarizes the related research progress.     

Venous thromboembolism in non-COVID-19 population during the pandemic: a nationwide multicenter retrospective survey

Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - Although mechanical thrombectomy is a powerful predictor of stroke outcome, it induces vessel wall injury in the acute phase. This study aimed to analyze...     

儿童完全植入式静脉输液港日间手术策略的选择和体会

目的比较同期儿童完全植入式静脉输液港(totally implantable venous access port,TIVAP)日间手术和住院手术情况,探讨开展儿童TIVAP植入日间手术的可行性。方法收集2015年4月至2020年4月在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院肿瘤外科接受TIVAP植入术的516例患儿的相关资料。其中,男311例,女205例;将321例接受日间手术的患儿作为日间手术组;将195例接受住院手术的患儿作为住院手术组。通过电子病历(electronic medical record,EMR)和医院信息系统(hospital information system,HIS)收集两组患儿的病史资料和手术情况,通过互联网医院、微信或者电话定期随访患儿TIVAP使用情况和主要并发症的发生情况。比较两组患儿住院天数、总费用和术后并发症情况。结果13例日间手术组和8例住院手术组患儿锁骨下静脉穿刺置管失败改为颈内静脉入路,两组之间的差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。本研究所有TIVAP植入术成功。日间手术组住院时间为(1.00±0)d,住院手术组为(5.40±1.69)d,两组之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。日间手术组总费用为(13125±568)元,住院手术组为(16125±1035)元,均除外其他疾病的治疗费用,两组之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。术后主要并发症包括导管相关性血行感染、导管堵塞、港体周围皮肤感染和非计划取港,并发症的发生率在两组之间的差异无统计学意义。结论儿童TIVAP植入日间手术是高质量、低成本的治疗模式,具有推广使用价值。     

河南“4.26”60Co源辐射事故一例受照者患非霍奇金淋巴瘤的病因探讨

关于电离辐射是否可诱发非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）,目前的研究结果尚未获得一致结论。笔者报道了河南“4.26” 60Co源辐射事故中1例中度骨髓型急性放射病患者受照后第13年患NHL的病例,结合患者的受照史、病史特点、诊断及国际多项大型研究,从流行病学资料和影响因素两方面分析了患者“天”患非霍奇金淋巴瘤与电离辐射的关系,为电离辐射致NHL提供辐射流行病学依据。     

Plasma Exchange Versus Double Filtration Plasmapheresis in the Treatment of Guillain‐Barré Syndrome

Abstract: Previous studies have shown that both plasma exchange (PE) and double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) are effective treatments in Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS). Whether PE and DFPP have similar effects in GBS is not clear. This report compares the therapeutic effectiveness of PE and DFPP in GBS patients treated in 3 major hospitals in northern Taiwan. A total of 102 patients were included in this survey, including 39 with PE (hereafter PE group) and 63 with DFPP (hereafter DFPP group). Both groups showed significant improvement of disability scores after treatment. However, time to onset of effect was shorter (5.6 ± 3.5 versus 7 ± 3.4 days, p < 0.05), and changes of disability scores were more prominent (1.3 ± 0.8 versus 0.8 ± 0.8, p < 0.05) in the PE group than the DFPP group. Mortality and outcome after 6 months were not different between the 2 groups. In conclusion, both PE and DFPP are effective treatments in GBS. PE was superior to DFPP in short‐term effectiveness. The long‐term effectiveness was not different.     

Correlation between the platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and diabetic foot ulcer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between the platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodFrom January 2018 to August 2019, 206 patients with T2DM admitted to the Central Hospital of Wuhan, China, were enrolled in this study, including 104 patients with DFU (DFU group) and 102 patients without DFU (T2DM group). During the same period, 90 healthy subjects were randomly screened as normal controls (NC group). The correlation between PLR and DFU in patients with T2DM was explored by comparing the PLR of the subjects in the three groups.ResultsThe PLRs of the DFU and T2DM groups were higher than that of the NC group, whereas the PLR of the DFU group was higher than that of the T2DM group (p < 0.05). PLR was positively correlated with the Wagner DFU grade (p < 0.001). Based on logistic regression analysis, PLR was found to be an independent risk factor for DFU (OR =1.029, 95% CI: 1.019 ~ 1.039, p < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the PLR showed that the area under the curve of the PLR for predicting diabetic foot ulcer was 0.776 (p < 0.001), and the analysis determined that the optimal critical value of the PLR for predicting DFU was 147.6.ConclusionThe PLR is significantly elevated in patients with DFU and positively correlated with the Wagner DFU grade, which might be a valuable marker for early diagnosis and assessment of severity of DFU.