全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2818篇 |
免费 | 248篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 11篇 |
儿科学 | 59篇 |
妇产科学 | 79篇 |
基础医学 | 455篇 |
口腔科学 | 29篇 |
临床医学 | 300篇 |
内科学 | 546篇 |
皮肤病学 | 57篇 |
神经病学 | 351篇 |
特种医学 | 59篇 |
外科学 | 251篇 |
综合类 | 72篇 |
一般理论 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 299篇 |
眼科学 | 29篇 |
药学 | 291篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 181篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 29篇 |
2022年 | 76篇 |
2021年 | 114篇 |
2020年 | 75篇 |
2019年 | 84篇 |
2018年 | 104篇 |
2017年 | 74篇 |
2016年 | 67篇 |
2015年 | 89篇 |
2014年 | 108篇 |
2013年 | 173篇 |
2012年 | 217篇 |
2011年 | 238篇 |
2010年 | 126篇 |
2009年 | 101篇 |
2008年 | 128篇 |
2007年 | 152篇 |
2006年 | 154篇 |
2005年 | 145篇 |
2004年 | 124篇 |
2003年 | 121篇 |
2002年 | 89篇 |
2001年 | 35篇 |
2000年 | 28篇 |
1999年 | 38篇 |
1998年 | 21篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 10篇 |
1995年 | 14篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 17篇 |
1991年 | 20篇 |
1990年 | 22篇 |
1989年 | 13篇 |
1988年 | 14篇 |
1987年 | 29篇 |
1986年 | 22篇 |
1985年 | 15篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 30篇 |
1976年 | 16篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1967年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有3073条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
A recent systematic review of studies in the developing world has critically examined linkages from familial HIV/AIDS and associated factors such as poverty and child mental health to negative child educational outcomes. In line with several recommendations in the review, the current study modelled relationships between familial HIV/AIDS, poverty, child internalising problems, gender and four educational outcomes: non-enrolment at school, non-attendance, deficits in grade progression and concentration problems. Path analyses reveal no direct associations between familial HIV/AIDS and any of the educational outcomes. Instead, HIV/AIDS-orphanhood or caregiver HIV/AIDS-sickness impacted indirectly on educational outcomes via the poverty and internalising problems that they occasioned. This has implications for evidence-based policy inferences. For instance, by addressing such intervening variables generally, rather than by seeking to target families affected by HIV/AIDS, interventions could avoid exacerbating stigmatisation, while having a more direct and stronger impact on children's educational outcomes. This analytic approach also suggests that future research should seek to identify causal paths, and may include other intervening variables related to poverty (such as child housework and caring responsibilities) or to child mental health (such as stigma and abuse), that are linked to both familial HIV/AIDS and educational outcomes. 相似文献
92.
Selliah Pranavan Martino Federica Cummaudo Marco Indra Lara Biehler-Gomez Lucie Campobasso Carlo Pietro Cattaneo Cristina 《International journal of legal medicine》2020,134(5):1683-1690
International Journal of Legal Medicine - There are several metric and morphological methods available for sex estimation of skeletal remains, but their reliability and applicability depend on the... 相似文献
93.
Demaria Lucie Borie Raphael Benali Khadija Piekarski Eve Goossens Julia Palazzo Elisabeth Forien Marine Dieudé Philippe Crestani Bruno Ottaviani Sébastien 《Clinical rheumatology》2020,39(9):2727-2734
Clinical Rheumatology - Bone sarcoidosis is usually rare. Imaging procedures such as fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) can reveal bone... 相似文献
94.
Lucie Kalisova Jiri Raboch Alexander Nawka Gaia Sampogna Libor Cihal Thomas W. Kallert Georgi Onchev Anastasia Karastergiou Valeria del Vecchio Andrzej Kiejna Tomasz Adamowski Francisco Torres-Gonzales Jorge A. Cervilla Stephan Priebe Domenico Giacco Lars Kjellin Algirdas Dembinskas Andrea Fiorillo 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2014,49(10):1619-1629
Purpose
This study aims to identify whether selected patient and ward-related factors are associated with the use of coercive measures. Data were collected as part of the EUNOMIA international collaborative study on the use of coercive measures in ten European countries.Methods
Involuntarily admitted patients (N = 2,027) were divided into two groups. The first group (N = 770) included patients that had been subject to at least one of these coercive measures during hospitalization: restraint, and/or seclusion, and/or forced medication; the other group (N = 1,257) included patients who had not received any coercive measure during hospitalization. To identify predictors of use of coercive measures, both patients’ sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and centre-related characteristics were tested in a multivariate logistic regression model, controlled for countries’ effect.Results
The frequency of the use of coercive measures varied significantly across countries, being higher in Poland, Italy and Greece. Patients who received coercive measures were more frequently male and with a diagnosis of psychotic disorder (F20–F29). According to the regression model, patients with higher levels of psychotic and hostility symptoms, and of perceived coercion had a higher risk to be coerced at admission. Controlling for countries’ effect, the risk of being coerced was higher in Poland. Patients’ sociodemographic characteristics and ward-related factors were not identifying as possible predictors because they did not enter the model.Conclusions
The use of coercive measures varied significantly in the participating countries. Clinical factors, such as high levels of psychotic symptoms and high levels of perceived coercion at admission were associated with the use of coercive measures, when controlling for countries’ effect. These factors should be taken into consideration by programs aimed at reducing the use of coercive measures in psychiatric wards. 相似文献95.
Frank Jacobi Michael Höfler Jens Siegert Simon Mack Anja Gerschler Lucie Scholl Markus A. Busch Ulfert Hapke Ulrike Maske Ingeburg Seiffert Wolfgang Gaebel Wolfgang Maier Michael Wagner Jürgen Zielasek Hans‐Ulrich Wittchen 《International journal of methods in psychiatric research》2014,23(3):304-319
This paper provides up to date prevalence estimates of mental disorders in Germany derived from a national survey (German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults, Mental Health Module [DEGS1‐MH]). A nationally representative sample (N = 5318) of the adult (18–79) population was examined by clinically trained interviewers with a modified version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (DEGS‐CIDI) to assess symptoms, syndromes and diagnoses according to DSM‐IV‐TR (25 diagnoses covered). Of the participants 27.7% met criteria for at least one mental disorder during the past 12 months, among them 44% with more than one disorder and 22% with three or more diagnoses. Most frequent were anxiety (15.3%), mood (9.3%) and substance use disorders (5.7%). Overall rates for mental disorders were substantially higher in women (33% versus 22% in men), younger age group (18–34: 37% versus 20% in age group 65–79), when living without a partner (37% versus 26% with partnership) or with low (38%) versus high socio‐economic status (22%). High degree of urbanization (> 500,000 inhabitants versus < 20,000) was associated with elevated rates of psychotic (5.2% versus 2.5%) and mood disorders (13.9% versus 7.8%). The findings confirm that almost one third of the general population is affected by mental disorders and inform about subsets in the population who are particularly affected. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
96.
Simon C Rowan Hanne Jahns Liberty Mthunzi Lucie Piouceau Joanna Cornwell Róisín Doody Stephen Frohlich John J Callanan Paul McLoughlin 《The Journal of pathology》2020,251(2):117-122
The intestinal epithelium is perpetually renewed from a stem cell niche in the base of crypts to maintain a healthy bowel mucosa. Exit from this niche and maturation of epithelial cells requires tightly controlled gradients in BMP signalling, progressing from low BMP signalling at the crypt base to high signalling at the luminal surface. The BMP antagonist gremlin 1 (Grem1) is highly expressed by subepithelial myofibroblasts adjacent to the intestinal crypts but its role in regulating the stem cell niche and epithelial renewal in vivo has not been explored. To explore the effects of Grem1 loss in adulthood following normal growth and development, we bred mice (ROSA26CreER-Grem1 flx/flx) in which Grem1 could be deleted by tamoxifen administration. While Grem1 remained intact, these mice were healthy, grew normally, and reproduced successfully. Following Grem1 depletion, the mice became unwell and were euthanised (at 7–13 days). Post-mortem examination revealed extensive mucosal abnormalities throughout the small and large intestines with failure of epithelial cell replication and maturation, villous atrophy, and features of malabsorption. Bone marrow hypoplasia was also observed with associated early haematopoietic failure. These results demonstrate an essential homeostatic role for gremlin 1 in maintaining normal bowel epithelial function in adulthood, suggesting that abnormalities in gremlin 1 expression can contribute to enteropathies. We also identified a previously unsuspected requirement for gremlin 1 in normal haematopoiesis. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 相似文献
97.
Jakub Trizuljak Wolfgang R. Sperr Lucie Nekvindová Hanneke O. Elberink Karoline V. Gleixner Aleksandra Gorska Magdalena Lange Karin Hartmann Anja Illerhaus Massimiliano Bonifacio Cecelia Perkins Chiara Elena Luca Malcovati Anna B. Fortina Khalid Shoumariyeh Mohamad Jawhar Roberta Zanotti Patrizia Bonadonna Francesca Caroppo Alexander Zink Massimo Triggiani Roberta Parente Nikolas von Bubnoff Akif S. Yavuz Hans Hägglund Mattias Mattsson Jens Panse Nadja Jäkel Alex Kilbertus Olivier Hermine Michel Arock David Fuchs Vito Sabato Knut Brockow Agnes Bretterklieber Marek Niedoszytko Björn van Anrooij Andreas Reiter Jason Gotlib Hanneke C. Kluin-Nelemans Jiri Mayer Michael Doubek Peter Valent 《Allergy》2020,75(8):1927-1938
98.
Agustín Ruiz Isabel Hernández Maiteé Ronsende-Roca Antonio González-Pérez Emma Rodriguez-Noriega Reposo Ramírez-Lorca Ana Mauleón Concha Moreno-Rey Lucie Boswell Larry Tune Sergi Valero Montserrat Alegret Javier Gayán James T. Becker Luis Miguel Real Lluís Tárraga Clive Ballard Michael Terrin Stephanie Sherman Haydeh Payami Oscar L. López Jacobo E. Mintzer Mercè Boada 《Neurobiology of aging》2014
99.
Clinical characteristics in patients with interstitial deletions of chromosome region 12q21–q22 and identification of a critical region associated with keratosis pilaris 下载免费PDF全文
100.
Petr Kuglik Jan Smetana Vladimira Vallova Lucie Moukova Katerina Kasikova Michaela Cvanova Lucie Brozova 《International journal of clinical and experimental pathology》2014,7(8):5071-5082
Alterations in the genome that lead to changes in DNA sequence copy number are characteristic features of solid tumors. We used CGH+SNP microarray and HPV-FISH techniques for detailed screening of copy number alterations (CNAs) in a cohort of 26 patients with cervical carcinoma (CC). This approach identified CNAs in 96.2% (25/26) of tumors. Array-CGH discovered CNAs in 73.1% (19/26) of samples, HPV-FISH experiments revealed CNAs in additional 23.1% (6/26) of samples. Common gains of genetic sequences were observed in 3q (50.0%), 1q (42.4%), 19q (23.1%), while losses were frequently found in 11q (30.8%), 4q (23.1%) and 13q (19.2%). Chromosomal regions involved in loss of heterozygosity were observed in 15.4% of samples in 8q21, 11q23, 14q21 and 18q12.2. Incidence of gain 3q was associated with HPV 16 and HPV 18 positive samples and simultaneous presence of gain 1q (P = 0.033). We did not found a correlation between incidence of CNAs identified by array-CGH and HPV strain infection and incidence of lymph node metastases. Subsequently, HPV-FISH was used for validation of array-CGH results in 23 patients for incidence of hTERC (3q26) and MYC (8q24) amplification. Using HPV-FISH, we found chromosomal lesions of hTERC in 87.0% and MYC in 65.2% of specimens. Our findings confirmed the important role of HPV infection and specific genomic alterations in the development of invasive cervical cancer. This study also indicates that CGH+SNP microarrays allow detecting genome-wide CNAs and copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity more precisely, however, it may be less sensitive than FISH in samples with low level clonal CNAs. 相似文献