石衫碱-甲对抑郁症患者认知功能疗效的临床研究

目的:探讨抑郁症患者认知功能的损害特点及石衫碱-甲对抑郁症患者认知功能的临床疗效。方法:将92例抑郁症患者随机分为研究组(46例)和对照组(46例)。研究组给予石衫碱-甲合并舍曲林治疗,对照组单一使用舍曲林抗抑郁治疗。两组均治疗12周。采用HAMD、MMSE、词汇流畅测验、联想学习、数字广度测验、相似、领悟及副反应量表,于治疗前、治疗后第1、4、12周末分别对两组进行评定。结果:研究组治疗第4周后各项神经心理学测验与治疗前相比差异有显著性(P<0.05),治疗第12周后与治疗前相比差异有极显著性(P<0.01)。研究组治疗第12周后MMSE、词汇流畅测验、联想学习测验、数字广度测验与对照组相比差异有显著性(P<0.05)。两组HAMD在治疗第4周后和治疗第12周后分别与治疗前相比差异均有极显著性(P<0.01)。结论:抑郁症患者认知功能损害与病情严重程度和患者特质有关,石衫碱-甲可改善抑郁症患者特质性认知功能损害,不良反应少而轻。     

鼻内镜下治疗鼻窦真菌病32例临床分析

目的:讨论鼻内镜手术治疗鼻窦真菌病的疗效。方法:对32例鼻窦真菌病患者施行鼻内镜手术,术后不用抗真菌药。结果:全部患者均获治愈,随访6个月至3年未见复发。结论:在本病的治疗中,应用鼻内镜手术可减轻对患者的侵袭性操作,并缩短诊疗时间,避免或减少复发。鼻内镜手术是诊断、治疗鼻窦真菌病较为理想的方法。     

聚维酮碘乳膏治疗足癣的临床研究

目的:观察聚维酮碘乳膏治疗足癣的疗效。方法:将符合入选标准的94例患者随机分两组,治疗组清洁局部后将聚维酮碘乳膏涂敷于患处,bid。对照组予派瑞松霜按照药品说明书使用。两组均疗程3周。对痊愈者随访半年。结果:临床治愈率治疗组64.44%,两组比较U=2.883,P<0.01;有效率治疗组93.33%,两组比较X2=7.866,P<0.01;真菌清除率治疗组94.77%,两组比较X2=0.679,P=0.372;不良反应率治疗组4.44%,两组比较X2=4.0226,P=0.0432;随访半年痊愈者复发率治疗组6.89%(2/29),两组比较X2=3.9455,P=0.0421。结论:聚维酮碘乳膏治疗足癣安全有效。     

两种液基薄层细胞学方法筛查宫颈上皮内瘤样病变的评价

目的对2种液基薄层细胞学方法筛查宫颈癌和癌前病变的对比进行分析与评价,以期找到宫颈癌早期筛查质量好又经济的方案。方法2007年3～10月,对980例患者分别采用Hong Xiang细胞学检测系统(489例)和新柏氏薄层细胞学检测系统(TCT,491例)进行宫颈病变的早期筛查,对167例(HongXiang 82例,TCT 85例)细胞学阳性或临床可疑的患者行阴道镜下活组织检查。结果Hong Xiang检查的阳性率与TCT细胞学检查的阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Hong Xiang细胞学检查在诊断宫颈低度病变、高度病变与宫颈癌的准确率上与TCT比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论Hong Xiang细胞学检测系统可以替代新柏氏薄层细胞学检测系统并降低耗材。     

腹腔镜下十二指肠吻合术治疗新生儿十二指肠梗阻

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and indication of laparoscopie duodenoduoden-ostorny for neonates with congenital duodenal obstruction- Methods From May 2004 to Feburary 2008,6 newborns with duodenal obstruction underwent exploratory laparoscopy. With a lower-pressure pneumoperitoneum of 5～8 mmHg and a suspending suture for right liver elevator, the procedure was performed using 3 cannulas of 3.3 mm to 5.5 mm diameter. Under the laparoscopic vision, the cause of duodenal obstruction was diagnosed and a sutured anastomosis was performed after the duodenum mo-bilized. Results Findings at laparoscopy included duodenal diaphragm in 3 cases,annular pancreas in 2 cases, and preduodenal portal vein in 1 case. Three cases with duodenal diaphragmatic stenosis were en-countered a partial excision of the diaphragm after vertical incision of the anterior part of duodenum followed laparoscopically by a transverse suture. A diamond-shaped side-to-side duodenoduodenal anas-tomosis was successfully carried out in 2 cases of annular pancreas through a laparoseopic approach, but a duodenojejunostomy was converted to mini-laparotomy during the laparoscopic course of a predu-odenal portal vein. The average operative time was 102 16.5 min (85～135 min). Visualization was ex-cellent, and there were no intraoperative complications. Feedings were started on postoperative day 3 to 5. All cases were on full feedings after 8 to 10 days. Follow-up upper gastrointestinal tests showed no evidence of stricture or obstruction. Conclusions The duodenoduodenostomy with laparoseopy can be performed in neonates securely and appropriated for a full-term newborn with tolerance CO2 pneumo-peritoneum. It provides an excellent and micro-invasive way to evaluate and treat congenital duodenal obstruction.     

血浆置换术后联合小剂量激素治疗溶血尿毒综合征

目的探讨血浆置换术后联合小剂量激素治疗溶血尿毒综合征(HUS)的疗效。方法回顾性分析近5 a来本院肾内科11例HUS患儿临床资料。男6例,女5例;年龄2～9岁,平均年龄5.2岁。重症10例,轻症1例。其中8例进行血浆置换治疗,每例2、3次,术后应用泼尼松(1.0～1.5 mg.kg-1)或甲泼尼龙(1 mg.kg-1)维持;其中1例联合血液透析治疗,1例联合连续性血液滤过治疗。轻症1例采用大剂量丙种球蛋白(丙球)治疗。1例重症HUS外院进行血液透析1个月余转本院继续血液透析治疗。1例重症HUS外院采用大剂量丙球冲击联合甲泼尼龙治疗后继续甲泼尼龙1 mg.kg-1治疗和肠道透析。结果 19例次血浆置换治疗均顺利实施,无明显并发症;8例血浆置换后联合小剂量激素治疗者中7例肝酶、心肌酶、肾功能恢复正常,尿常规镜下血尿或并轻中度蛋白尿出院,追踪观察2～26个月,复查肾功能均正常,尿蛋白阴性,5例镜下轻微血尿[RBC(9～36)×106L-1],1例感染后轻微镜下血尿,1例尿常规正常。轻症1例出院时尿常规和肾功能均正常,门诊随诊38个月尿常规正常。2例外院治疗的重症HUS患儿转入本科时病程1周～1个月,血小板已恢复正常,Hb无继续下降,尿常规示肉眼血尿和中量蛋白尿,处于肾衰竭期。其中1例血液透析6次,肾功能稍好转、肉眼血尿并中量蛋白尿,放弃治疗出院。1例经肠道透析和口服激素等措施后放弃治疗出院。结论重症HUS患儿宜早期应用血浆置换治疗,血浆置换治疗后联合小剂量激素治疗可改善重症HUS患儿预后,减少后遗症。     

维甲酸对新生大鼠高氧肺损伤的干预作用

目的探讨高氧暴露新生大鼠肺组织结构的变化和连接蛋白Connexin26(Cx26)的表达情况及维甲酸对其影响。方法24只3日龄SD大鼠随机分为3组:高氧暴露维甲酸组(维甲酸组)、高氧暴露安慰组(高氧组)、空气暴露对照组(对照组);采用950mL/L氧体积分数条件下制作新生大鼠高氧肺损伤模型;观察大鼠一般情况,用HE染色法观察肺组织结构变化及辐射状肺泡计数(RAC),免疫组织化学检测Cx26的表达。结果体质量、RAC等方面与空气组相比,高氧组、维甲酸组均有显著差异[(13.53±1.27)、(13.38±1.29)、(17.37±0.89)g,F=30.19P=0;(11.15±1.33)、(12.49±1.47)、(13.94±0.98),F=9.59P=0];Cx26蛋白在空气组表达比较局限,高氧组弥散表达,而维甲酸组更多表达;阳性细胞分别为(13.68±1.28)%、(17.82±1.72)%、(19.69±1.77)%,F=29.36P=0。结论维甲酸对新生大鼠高氧肺损伤具有保护作用,可能与间隙连接蛋白Cx26表达的改变有密切的关系。     

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??Abstracts?? Objective To study the T2* magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of iron deposition of liver?? pancreas and heart in β- thalassemia major ??β-TM?? patients and the relationship of the serum ferritin with iron overload. Methods Measurement of hepatic?? pancreatic and cardiac MRI T2* was performed in 153 patients with β-TM from May 1?? 2010 to December 31?? 2010??The demographics and serum ferritin ??SF?? were collected. The rate of the iron overload in liver?? pancreas and heart was analyzed. The rates of combined pancreatic and cardiac iron overload in different hepatic iron overload groups were compared. Results According to MRI T2*?? there was serious hepatic iron overload in 85 cases?? moderate in 39?? mild in 21?? no iron overload in 8. Similarly?? there was pancreatic iron overload in 134?? no iron overload in 19. In terms of cardiac iron overload?? there was serious cardiac iron overload in 37 cases?? mild in 21?? no iron overload in 95. No correlation was found between hepatic?? pancreatic and cardiac MRI T2* and age or SF?? but hepatic MRI T2* correlated with pancreatic and cardiac MRI T2*??P = 0.000?? r = 0.529?? r = 0.369???? and pancreatic MRI T2* correlated with cardiac MRI T2* well ??P = 0.000?? r = 0.715??. As grade of hepatic iron overload increases?? the patients demonstrated higher rate of combination of pancreatic and cardiac iron overload simultaneously ??χ2 = 20.78??P = 0.000??.     

直立性高血压儿童卧位、立位心电图T波和ST段振幅变化及其临床意义

目的 探讨直立性高血压（OHT）儿童卧位与立位心电图T波和ST段振幅变化及其临床意义。方法 选取确诊为OHT患儿49例为OHT组，同期按年龄与性别匹配43例健康儿童为对照组。测量两组卧位与立位12导联心电图心率、各导联T波和ST段振幅，比较同组卧位和立位T波振幅、ST段振幅，并比较两组卧位、立位T波振幅差和ST段振幅差。结果 对照组aVR、V₁、V₄~V₆导联T波振幅立位较卧位降低（P < 0.05），V₄、V₅导联ST段振幅立位较卧位增加（P < 0.05）。OHT组Ⅱ、aVR、aVF、V₄~V₆导联T波振幅立位较卧位降低（P < 0.05），Ⅱ导联ST段振幅立位较卧位增加（P < 0.05）。OHT组Ⅱ、V₆导联立位、卧位T波振幅差较对照组增大（均P < 0.05）。V₆导联卧位、立位T波振幅差对OHT有诊断价值（P < 0.05），V₆导联T波振幅差最佳截断值为0.105 mV，灵敏度为72.10%，特异度为57.10%。结论 V₆导联卧位、立位T波振幅差对OHT儿童具有一定的诊断价值。     

天麻钩藤饮抑制铁死亡-脂质代谢保护鱼藤酮诱导的PC12细胞损伤

目的:研究天麻钩藤饮(TGY)对鱼藤酮(Rot)诱导的大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤PC12细胞损伤的影响及可能的机制。方法:采用Rot建立和培养PC12细胞神经损伤模型并利用MTT比色法测定细胞存活率,确定Rot的最佳造模浓度以及TGY的有效干预浓度。流式细胞仪检测细胞的脂质活性氧(ROS)水平并用荧光倒置显微镜观察细胞荧光强度的变化;生化试剂盒检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),谷胱甘肽(GSH)的水平和活力变化以及丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。透射电子显微镜观察细胞线粒体形态变化,蛋白免疫印迹法检测细胞内谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(GPX4),长链脂酰辅酶A合成酶4(ACSL4),溶血卵磷脂酰基转移酶3(LPCAT3)蛋白表达。结果:0.6μmol/L Rot处理细胞24 h后,细胞存活率接近50%(56.7%±9.9%),TGY预处理12 h后可抑制Rot的损伤程度。同时,减少乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的漏出率,并呈现一定的量效关系。Rot处理后的细胞内脂质ROS含量升高,而给予TGY预处理后有效降低Rot损伤的细胞内脂质ROS的含量,降低Rot处理后的MDA水平,并提高SOD活力和GSH水平。通过透射电镜观察到与正常组相比,0.6μmol/L Rot处理后细胞的线粒体皱缩,TGY预保护处理后,PC12细胞的线粒体形态有一定程度的改善。Western blot的结果呈现出TGY预处理后可以在一定程度提高Rot损伤后GPX4的表达,下降ACSL4、LPCAT3的表达。结论:TGY可以上调GPX4蛋白的表达,下调ACSL4、LPCAT3蛋白的表达,抑制不饱和脂肪酸的氧化,降低脂质过氧化水平和ROS的含量,从而改善神经损伤。