The Caregivers Quality of Life Cancer index scale (CQoLC): an exploratory factor analysis for validation in French cancer patients’ spouses

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Caregivers Quality of Life Cancer index scale (CQoLC) in a sample of spouses of French cancer patients.

Methods

The CQoLC, the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 12 (MOS SF-12) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were administered to 300 spouses aged 21–85 years. Clinical data such as severity of cancer, medical treatment and duration of illness were obtained from a review of medical records.

Results

An exploratory factor analysis yielded a 23-item measure with one factor explaining 38.76% of the variance: labeled impairment of quality of life. The correlations between this factor and MOS SF-12 were negative for the physical component (ρ = ?0.351, p < 0.001) and positive for the mental component (ρ = 0.184, p < 0.005). One-way ANOVA with STAI scores indicated good discriminant validity (F[2, 237] = 4.80, p < 0.01, η² = 0.04). Participants with low anxiety had a better quality of life than those with moderate and high anxiety.

Conclusions

The findings indicate that the CQoLC has sufficient validity and reliability to assess the impairment of quality of life in spouses of French cancer patients.     

Correlation of ischemic ophthalmopathy with lacunar infarction

AIM: To investigate the effects of nintedanib thermo-sensitive hydrogel (NTH) on neovascularization and related markers in corneal alkali burns of Wistar rats. METHODS: NTH was prepared by grinding, and its phase-transition temperature was determined. Thirty specific-pathogen-free Wistar rats served as a model of corneal alkali burn in the right eye were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10, each): model group treated with 0.9% saline once a day, NTH group with 0.2% nintedanib b.i.d, and dexamethasone (DEX) group with DEX ointment once a day. The left eye of rats served as the controls. The corneal transparency was observed under a slit-lamp microscope, and the area of neovascularization was calculated. On day 7, the rats were sacrificed, and the cornea was removed and embedded with paraffin, then stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and the expression of VEGFR-2 and CD31 in the corneal tissues of each group was detected by immunofluorescence. RESULTS: The phase-transition temperature of nintedanib obtained by grinding was 37°C after adding artificial tears. The results of the alkali burn model indicated that the growth rate of neovascularization in the NTH group was slower than that in the model group, and the neovascularization area was significantly smaller than that in the model group (P<0.05). Moreover. CD31 and VEGFR-2 expression levels in the NTH group were significantly lower than those in the model group. CONCLUSION: NTH becomes colloidal at body temperature, which is beneficial for releasing the drug slowly and can significantly inhibit the neovascularization of corneal induced by alkali burn in rats.     

近红外眼底自发荧光联合OCT评估孔源性视网膜脱离巩膜扣带术后早期黄斑结构的改变

目的近红外眼底自发荧光检查（NIA）联合OCT对孔源性视网膜脱离巩膜扣带术后早期黄斑结构的评估价值。方法前瞻性系列病例研究。对21例（21眼）伴黄斑脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离患者行巩膜扣带术,于术后3个月行NIA及OCT检查。观察检查图像的异常和手术后视力的恢复情况。对视力的变化进行配对t检验,NIA与术后BCVA的相关性采用双向无序分类变量资料的关联性进行分析。结果NIA：16眼表现为弱荧光周围围绕着强荧光,5眼表现为不均匀的强荧光。OCT：20眼存在黄斑下液;中心凹视网膜神经纤维层的厚度6眼变薄,14眼正常,1眼增厚;21眼IS/OS反射异常。视力恢复情况：术后3个月与术后1 d比较,NIA表现为弱荧光周围围绕着强荧光者,视力差异有统计学意义（t=9.922,P<0.05）,NIA表现为不均匀强荧光者,视力差异无统计学意义（t=2.409,P>0.05）,黄斑NIA表现与术后BCVA变化高度相关（C=0.502,P<0.05）。结论孔源性视网膜脱离巩膜扣带术后早期,黄斑结构与功能均尚未完全恢复,需要我们加以重视。     

肌苷毫微粒对成年大鼠视网膜节细胞的保护作用

目的 研究载有肌苷的毫微粒对视神经切断后视网膜节细胞(RGC)存活的影响。方法 制备肌苷毫微粒，体外测定理化性质。将等体积的肌苷毫微粒、空载毫微粒或生理盐水溶液分别注入成年大鼠左眼内，对照组未经任何治疗。1d后于眶内切断所有动物左侧视神经，术后7d取左视网膜，计数荧光金逆行标记的存活RGC。结果 肌苷毫微粒形态规整，具有缓释特点。同对照相比，肌苷毫微粒能显著提高存活RGC的密度，而空载体和生理盐水无此作用；空载毫微粒与生理盐水、对照之间以及空载毫微粒和肌苷毫微粒两组间RGC密度均无显著差异。结论 注入眼球的肌苷毫微粒至少在7d内能有效缓释肌苷，进而对轴突损伤RGC发挥显著的神经保护作用。     

单纯玻璃体切除术治疗细菌性眼内炎的疗效评价

目的 评估单纯行玻璃体切除术对外因性细菌性眼内炎的疗效。方法 外因性细菌性眼内炎21例(21只眼)，其中白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术后1只眼，眼球穿通伤后20只眼。均作睫状体平部三切口玻璃体切除术，晶状体混浊者一并切除，若有球内异物一并取出，伴视网膜脱离者，重水或气／液交换复位视网膜后行眼内炎光凝、长效气体或硅油填充以及巩膜环扎，术中灌注液内不加入庆大霉素，术毕不作玻璃体腔注药，术后联合抗生索和激素静脉用药。结果 炎症控制20只眼，术后矫正视力提高20只眼，有效率为80．95％。结论 玻璃体切除术对严重细菌性眼内炎而言是最重要的治疗手段。     

基于中医临床证候探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎在岭南地区的疫性特点

目的:通过分析广东省第二人民医院收治的新型冠状病毒肺炎(以下简称新冠肺炎)患者的临床资料,从中医临床证候探讨该病在岭南地区的疫性特点,更好地指导临床辨证治疗。方法:收集广东省第二人民医院收治的36例新冠肺炎患者的临床资料,其中输入病例20例,本地病例16例,分析全部病例、输入病例和本地病例的临床资料和证候特点。结果:新冠肺炎患者年龄分布较广,平均年龄45岁,以男性居多,55.56%的患者为外地输入病例,44.44%的患者为本地感染病例。全部病例证型以湿邪郁肺型和邪热壅肺型为主,分别占44.44%和38.89%;91.67%的患者呈现“湿”的病理特点,72.22%的患者呈现“热”的病理特点。其中输入病例证型以湿邪郁肺型为主,占65.00%,100%的患者呈现“湿”的病理特点,55.00%呈现“热”的病理特点;本地病例证型以邪热壅肺为主,占56.25%,93.75%的患者呈现“热”的病理特点,81.25%呈现“湿”的病理特点。结论:本次疫病在岭南地区的疫性属于以湿邪和热邪为主导的“湿热疫”,病机特点为湿热并重;输入性病例多表现为以湿邪为患的“湿疫”,有化热的趋势和倾向,病机特点为湿重于热;本地病例多表现为以热邪为主的“温热疫”,病机特点为热重于湿。此次新冠肺炎不同地区存在不同疫性的可能,辨证和治疗要遵守三因制宜的原则。     

关于住院病案修改和修改原则的讨论

文章重点围绕住院病历的修改问题提出以下几点意见:1住院病历是非常重要的医疗资料,修改是保证书写质量的基本方法2修改的形式和方法依据住院病历质量内涵的不同有不同的要求3修改是通过多种形式和不同级别医务人员共同完成4修改必须在一定的限制和原则基础上进行。     

消毒灭菌处理对连续碳纤维增强聚烯烃复合材料生物力学影响的实验研究

目的：探讨消毒灭菌处理对连续碳纤维增强聚烯烃复合材料生物力学的影响,为临床使用时选择合适的消毒灭菌方法提供实验依据。方法：连续碳纤维增强聚烯烃复合材料棒80根,分8组,每组10根,其中1组不经任何处理直接进行力学测试作为空白对照,其余7组分别进行高压蒸汽、2％戊二醛浸泡、环氧乙烷、75％酒精浸泡、钴-60（A）11 kGy、钴-60（B）25 kGy、钴-60（c）18 kGy消毒灭菌处理;分别进行弯曲、压缩力学测试,测定最大载荷、极限强度、弹性模量,比较各组之间的差异,了解消毒灭菌处理后复合材料生物力学的变化。结果：与空白对照组相比,高压蒸汽、钴-601射线辐照（11、18、25 kGy）处理使碳纤维增强聚烯烃复合材料棒的生物力学有降低趋势,且差异有统计学意义;环氧乙烷灭菌、2％戊二醛浸泡（12h）、75％酒精浸泡（12h）处理后,复合材料的生物力学也呈降低趋势,但差异没有统计学意义。结论：碳纤维增强聚烯烃复合材料形成产品作无菌包装时,应避免应用高压蒸汽和钴-60γ射线辐照作为灭菌处理方法;环氧乙烷灭菌、2％戊二醛浸泡灭菌（12h）、75％酒精浸泡（12h）均可作为复合材料的灭菌处理方法,考虑到产品批量生产作无菌包装的可操作性,建议采用环氧乙烷灭菌法可能较为合适;如欲采用1射线辐照法,为防范γ-射线对复合材料力学特性的影响,尚需作进一步的工艺改进。     

肠安康胶囊对大鼠溃疡性结肠炎的治疗作用及机理探讨

目的观察肠安康胶囊对大鼠乙酸性溃疡性结肠炎的治疗作用,并探讨其机理.方法 6%冰乙酸溶液大鼠灌肠复制溃疡性结肠炎模型, 24 h后给予相应的治疗药物,连续给药6 d.第7天,观察大鼠结肠组织大体和病理组织学损伤情况,并检测结肠组织中的髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、一氧化氮(NO)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性或含量的变化.结果模型组大鼠结肠组织大体评分、病理组织学和生化指标的变化表明模型复制成功,肠安康胶囊明显改善结肠组织的大体评分和病理组织学损伤,并显著降低MPO的活性,降低NO的含量和NOS的活性,升高 SOD和GSH-PX的活性,降低MDA的含量.结论肠安康胶囊通过抗氧自由基损伤,抑制NO的生成,减轻炎细胞浸润,对大鼠乙酸性溃疡性结肠炎有明显的治疗作用.     

Electron paramagnetic resonance in monitoring of nitric oxide production after kidney transplantation in rats

Background Much research has been focused on ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) to the transplanted organs. As a free radical, nitric oxide （NO） plays an important role in IRI. In this study, the production of NO and its functions during IRI were monitored in rat models after allotransplantation of kidney grafts.Methods Of 75 male LEW rats, 30 served as donors, and the remaining 45 rats were divided into three groups (15 rats in each group): controls (group 1), kidney allotransplantation followed by bilateral nephrectomy during reperfusion (group 2), 2 hours before operation, donors and recipients were treated with N（G）-nitro L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a NO synthase inhibitor, at a dose of 30 mg/kg (group 3). Bilateral nephrectomies were performed while kidney grafts were reperfused. The kidney grafts were hypothemically stored for 24 hours. The production of NO before and after reperfusion was measured by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The creatinine level, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the protein carbonyl content in tissue samples were recorded on the first and the fifth day after operation. The data were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance. Differences were considered to be statistically significant when a P value was less than 0.05.Results After reperfusion for 15 minutes, the production of NO increased remarkably and kept increasing till 120 minutes, after which the level returned to normal. In group 3, which was pretreated with L-NAME, creatinine levels were higher than those in group 2 at the 24th hour (4.10±0.50 mg/dl vs. 3.77±0.42 mg/dl, P&lt;0.05) and the 120th hour (3.19±0.79 mg/dl vs. 2.22±0.53 mg/dl, P&lt;0.05). GFR levels in group 3 were lower than those in group 2 at the 24th hour (0.50±0.12 ml/min vs. 0.71±0.19 ml/min, P&lt;0.05) and the 120th hour (0.59±0.38 ml/min vs. 1.27±0.23 ml/min, P&lt;0.01). The content of protein carbonyl in tissue samples of group 3 was lower than that in group 2 at the 24th hour (29.01±7.02 nmol/mg protein vs. 49.39±13.13 nmol/mg protein, P&lt;0.05), but was higher than that at the 120th hour (75.71±16.74 nmol/mg protein vs. 57.93±15.32 nmol/mg protein, P&lt;0.05).Conclusions After transplantation of hypothemically stored kidney grafts, the increased NO production in the early stage has protective effects on the transplanted kidney. Application of L-NAME to inhibit NO production is harmful to the recovery of the renal functions of kidney grafts.