E 系统和 HBV 母婴传播相关关系的 Meta 分析

目的 探讨Ｅ系统在ＨＢＶ绩婴传播中的作用。方法 运用Ｍｅｔａ分析技术对１８个ＨＢＶ母婴研究进行定量综合。结果 母亲Ｅ抗原阳笥具有高度危险性（ＯＲ＝２４．６７,９５％Ｃ不３．１７～４６．０６）,Ｅ抗体阳性则相对不显（ＯＲ＝１．２０,９５％ＣＩ,０．５５～２．５８）,对各研究结果作齐性检验,无显差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。结论 Ｅ抗原阳性是ＨＢＶ母婴传播的危险因素。     

Increased mucosal inflammatory cytokines in children with Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis

The concentrations of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1-β in tissue homogenates of gastric mucosal biopsy specimens, and in gastric juice samples from Helicobacter pylori-positive and -negative children, were determined. The study population comprised 30 children with recurrent abdominal pain attending upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Of these patients 18 were infected with H. pylori. Cytokine concentrations in gastric biopsy homogenate supernatants and in gastric juice were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). TNF-α levels in gastric juice and in gastric biopsy homogenate supernatants in patients with H. pylori-positive gastritis were found to be significantly higher than those in children without H. pylori infection. IL-6 levels were also higher in H. pylori -infected subjects, but the difference in IL-6 concentrations measured in gastric juice and biopsy homogenate supernatants did not reach statistical significance. IL-1-β concentrations in both specimens showed no significant difference between the two groups of children. It was suggested that increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, especially TNF-α and IL-6 generated locally within the gastric mucosa might be implicated in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-associated gastritis in childhood.     

关白附新工艺最佳技术参数优选

通过对关白附不同炮制品有效成分总生物碱、关附甲素及有毒成分次乌头碱含量测定,急性毒性实验,结合药典对关白附炮制品的法定标准要求(饮片表面特征、断面色泽、气味)及饮片收得率等指标考查,确定关白附新工艺技术参数为清蒸4小时为佳。     

二年生延胡索块茎的研究

将延胡索1年生块茎做种栽，栽培于适合其生长的苗圃中，观察它们的生长及组织结构变化，结果表明：2年生延胡索块茎是在1年生块茎的内部形成的，并有新的芽点和次生木质部出现，这种现象与大蒜等鳞茎植物相似。2年生延胡索无开花现象，繁殖率低。     

影响食管癌早期诊断的相关因素

全文概述影响和阻碍食管癌早期诊断的诸多因素,认为通过健康教育促进和提高医疗可及性来改善病人的就医条件,有可能形成一个更有效的食管癌二级预防综合体系.     

A multipurpose phantom for quality assurance of contrast-enhanced MR imaging of the breast

A phantom consisting of four components was developed to simulate contrast-enhanced MR imaging of the breast. These components included the correlation between the signal intensity and the contrast medium concentration, the uniformity of signals within surface coils, artefacts due to opposed-phase imaging effects, spatial resolution and the acquisition of relevant signal-to-time curves. Repetitive measurements demonstrated an excellent reproduction of phantom imaging with a deviation in signal intensity of approximately 5 %. The presented phantom allows the optimization of examination protocols as well as the comparison of different examination techniques. Furthermore, it enables the routine quality monitoring of contrast-enhanced MR imaging of the breast. Received: 28 May 1998; Revised: 3 September 1998; Accepted: 14 October 1998     

Effects of Different Doses of Epidural Midazolam on Spinal Somatosensory Evoked Potentials

Summary  The aim of this study is to find out the effects of different doses of midazolam, when used epidurally, on somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) by delaying neuronal conduction. Thirty two New Zeland albino male rabbits were divided into four groups. All rabbits were anesthetised with ketamine and xylasine combination and atracurium was used as muscle relaxant. 10 mg/kg/hr ketamine infusion was used for maintenance of anesthesia. After insertion of the epidural catheter surgically; Group 1 received 1.5 ml isotonic saline (Control), Group 2 received 150 μg/kg, Group 3 received 250 μg/kg, and Group 4 received 500 μg/kg midazolam epidurally. With the stimulation of sciatic nerve, SEP records were recorded from the epidural space. Records were received before the injection of the drug, and 20, 40, 60 minutes after injection of the drug.  “Latancy” results were increased according to control in all groups (including isotonic saline-control-group). Increase in latancy in the control group was interpreted as due to the effect of temperature mismatch of the saline and the rabbits. While in the first and second group amplitudes showed no differences, group 3 and 4 showed decreases of up to 50%. Epidurally administered midazolam up to 150 μg/kg caused no change in SEP records, but 250 and 500 μg/kg doses caused decreases in SEP records which can lead to misinterpretation as neurological damage.     

兔眼IOL术后基质金属蛋白酶抑制因子在虹膜、晶状体上皮细胞的表达

目的　探讨白内障囊外摘出及人工晶状体植入术后基质金属蛋白酶抑制因子 (TIMPs)在虹膜、晶状体上皮细胞的表达和TIMPs对后囊膜混浊的形成及纤维化的影响。方法　取 2 5只健康成年家兔 ,均一只眼行晶状体囊外摘出及人工晶状体植入术 ,另一眼作为对照组。每 5只兔眼为一组 ,分别于术后 1、3、7、14、3 0d取出虹膜和晶状体上皮细胞 ,用RT PCR和反向酶谱分析法检测各标本中的TIMPsmRNA和蛋白质的表达 ,并用羟脯氨酸试剂盒检测晶状体囊膜羟脯氨酸量的变化。结果　在正常虹膜、晶状体上皮细胞组织均有TIMP 1、 2、 3和 4mRNA的表达 ,而无相对蛋白质活性的表达 ;术后第 1d ,TIMP 1、 2、 3和 4mRNA即出现明显升高 ,其中术后第 7d ,TIMP 1和 2mRNA的表达量为最大 ,此后逐渐下降 ,术后第 3 0d的表达量仍高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;TIMP 3mRNA轻度升高 ,TIMP 4mRNA则轻度下降 ;羟脯氨酸的含量于术后 1、3、7d和 14d明显低于术后 3 0d(P <0 0 5 )。结论　TIMPs可能是抑制白内障囊外摘出及人工晶状体植入术后细胞外基质降解的主要因素 ,还可能是后囊膜混浊的形成和纤维化的重要原因之一。